In British history, there have been 6 queens before and after, in addition to the current Elizabeth II reign of more than 70 years, Queen Victoria ranked second in the reign, a total of 64 years.
And during her reign, Britain was unprecedentedly prosperous, known as the "Empire of the Sun Never Sets".
Elizabeth I came to the throne at the age of 25 and threw herself into her duties, making England one of the most powerful and wealthy countries in Europe.
Unfortunately, Elizabeth never married and had no heirs.
In terms of personal life and family, Queen Vidoria was much happier than Elizabeth I.
Queen Victoria ascended the throne at the age of 18, married her cousin at the age of 21, and had nine children in succession, and the Prince was very devoted to her.
Victoria was only 18 years old when she ascended the throne, when her uncle died and the throne passed to her.
In fact, in addition to her uncle, she also had several uncles, but these uncles and uncles did not produce legitimate heirs.
The reasons are complex, either they are childless, or the child born dies early, or they have children with other women, but they are not royally approved marriages.
So, when the pie of the throne came to Victoria, in addition to rejoicing, she was a little confused.
Perhaps, this is history's choice.
There are not many queens in British history, there are 6 before and after, but the most famous is Queen Victoria.
When Victoria came to power, it coincided with the rapid development of capitalism.
During the sixty-four years of Queen Victoria's reign in Britain, Britain reached its peak economically and militarily.
Queen Victoria reigned at the age of 18 for a total of 64 years, during which time Britain developed into a powerful empire that never sets.
Victoria was not tall, about 1 meter 55, and was relatively slender when she was young, but then children were born one after another, and her body size was blessed a lot.
She was intelligent, and after identifying her as heir to the throne as a child, she received a series of rigorous and high-quality educations.
Her mother played an extremely important role in her upbringing, in addition to being companion and attentive.
You know, Victoria's father died of illness when she was less than 1 year old.
But Victoria's upbringing has always been carefully protected by her mother, and her childhood was spent carefree, in addition to learning more.
Victoria's uncle gave her a lot of guidance when she was growing up.
She was extremely assertive, and when she took the throne at the age of 18, she immediately stopped accepting her mother's interference.
After becoming queen, although the royal family put her marriage on the agenda, the queen did not want to get married so quickly at first.
On 10 February 1840, Queen Victoria and her cousin Prince Albert (a prince of Germany) were married.
In fact, Albert was only a few months younger than her.
The marriage was actually brokered by her uncle (who was then the king of Belgium), and at first Victoria did not want to enter the marriage prematurely, but when Albert came to visit England and met this handsome cousin at a banquet, she changed her mind and decided to marry him.
After marriage, they had a total of 5 daughters and 4 sons.
In fact, in that era of natural fertility, this number of births is not surprising.
As a queen, each child is cared for by a full-time nanny after birth, and the queen's husband also attaches great importance to the companionship and education of her children, so Queen Victoria is not so busy.
Queen Victoria's husband was initially a bit inaccessible to the royal family, but he had good knowledge.
He was interested in science, art, and philosophy.
Later, he finally found his own position, that is, to actively assist the queen, his wife.
By planning the Universal Exposition, the prince eventually made the queen praise him and let the queen discover her husband's talent.
The total proceeds of the fair that year amounted to 165,000 pounds, which was considerable at the time and greatly enriched the small treasury of the royal family.
The queen and her husband have a good relationship, the two often go for walks together in the morning, go on vacation together, and in many ways, the husband gives her a lot of good advice.
After Queen Victoria married, she had 5 daughters and 4 sons.
About the 4 sons, I will write another article later, and today I will mainly write about the situation of her 5 daughters.
However, Prince Albert only lived to be 42 years old, and died young, and his youngest daughter was only 4 years old at the time.
What happened to the Queen's 5 daughters?
Eldest daughter: Princess Victoria
Princess Victoria's first child, she was canonized as the eldest princess.
Princess Victoria, nicknamed Vicki, was very intelligent and gifted in language, and her father liked her the most.
She began learning French at the age of one and a half years, speaking French, German and Italian at an early age, and reading Shakespeare.
The eldest princess married relatively early, and at the age of 16 she married the later German Emperor Frederick III.
After marriage, they had a total of 8 children.
Princess Victoria's eldest son, William II, was born with different arms due to dystocia, which had a major impact on his life.
Frederick III died of illness in 1888 and was succeeded by her son Wilhelm II as Emperor of Germany.
William II later launched World War I.
One of the eldest daughters, Princess Sophie, was the Queen of Greece (grandmother of present-day Queen Sophia of Spain)
The eldest princess did not live long, and died of illness at the age of 60.
Second daughter: Died young at the age of 35
The second daughter, Princess Alice, gave birth to a third child, and the second was a boy.
At the age of 19, Princess Alice married Prince Ludwig of Hesse, who later succeeded to the Grand Dukedom.
Note that inheriting a title is not only inheriting a title, but also inheriting family property and annual titles, and if a family has several sons, it can only be inherited by one son, usually the eldest son.
After marriage, they gave birth to 2 sons and 5 daughters, of which:
One of their eldest daughters, Princess Victoria, Louise, later became Queen of Sweden;
The other daughter is the mother of Prince Philip of the United Kingdom;
The youngest daughter was Empress Alexandra, the last Tsar of Russia, Nicholas II;
Another daughter, Princess Eleni, marries the son of Princess Alice's sister;
The only son married the daughter of Princess Alice's younger brother Prince Alfred.
After giving birth, Alice insisted on breastfeeding her baby in spite of royal traditions, a loving act that she did not want to be ridiculed by her mother, the Queen.
Alice was interested in the medical side, especially in obstetrics and gynecology.
At the suggestion of Nightingale, the mother of modern nursing, she established a nursing organization in Germany.
On December 14, 1878, Princess Alice died of diphtheria at the age of 35.
This year, the Queen was only 59 years old, and she tasted the heartache of the white-haired people sending the black-haired people.
The world is uncertain, and even the queen is powerless against many natural and man-made disasters.
Third daughter: Princess Helena
Princess Helena, the queen's fifth child, was more ordinary-looking.
She married Prince Christian, 15 years older than her, at the age of 20, and he was the prince of poverty.
They had six children after their marriage, but two of them died young.
Neither son married nor had any offspring,
A daughter who is unmarried and has no offspring,
A daughter divorced and has no offspring
That is: Princess Helena has no third generation.
It is said that the Queen married Princess Helena to the poor Prince Christian so that the couple could live in Windsor Castle without leaving themselves.
Princess Alice had opposed the marriage and was reprimanded by her mother.
Helena lived to be 77 years old, and on June 9, 1923, Helena died.
Fourth daughter: Princess Louise
Princess Louise, the Queen's sixth child, was a maverick and well inherited her father's artistic gifts and Queen Victoria's decisive character.
In 1863, at the age of 15, Louise won herself the opportunity to go to art school. In that era, ladies were educated at home, and their goal in life was to marry, but Louise's goal was to open an art studio and become an artist.
She went to the National School of Art Training in 1868 and became the first female pioneer to study sculpture.
Many believe that Princess Louise also contributed to the emancipation of women in the 19th century.
She loves sculpture and one of her most famous works is the sculpture of Queen Victoria in Kensington Palace.
She also has a hobby ---- cigarettes.
She married the Marquis of Ron at the age of 23, which was actually a marriage, and later Ron was appointed Governor-General of Canada, and Louis became the Governor-General's wife.
Unfortunately, she did not have children in her lifetime, and as for the reasons, some said that Princess Louise was physically ill, and some said that her husband was gay.
Princess Louise also had another incident, which was very controversial.
While she was visiting her sculptor, Bohm, bohm died suddenly.
As a result, outside public opinion has been overwhelming, and many people suspect that Bohm's sudden death was due to an affair with the princess.
Louise defended herself, claiming that she was accompanied by a maid who died suddenly of overwork while moving the sculpture.
Many of Louise's archives are still sealed by the royal family, so many mysteries cannot be definitively answered.
But she lived a long life, maintaining a slim figure even in old age, and lived until the age of 91.
Louis died on December 3, 1939.
Young daughter: Princess Beatrice
Of the 5 daughters, she married the latest.
When her father died, Princess Beatrice was only 4 years old, and Queen Victoria was suddenly unable to adapt to not having her husband company, so she was very dependent on Princess Beatrice.
He had always hoped that Princess Beatrice would be by his side and did not want her to marry.
It was not until the age of 28 that she married Prince Henry and had four children.
Their only daughter, Princess Eugenia, married Alfonso XIII of Spain, becoming the future Queen of Spain, the grandmother of the current king.
However, after 10 years of marriage, she became a widow, her husband died of malaria, and Atrice has not remarried ever since.
She has been with Queen Victoria ever since.
Beatrice died on October 26, 1944, at the age of 87.
Victoria herself lived to the age of 82, and three of her five daughters lived longer, but one died of illness at the age of 35.
The three are relatively long-lived, namely 77 years old, 87 years old, 91 years old,
A young man died young, at the age of 35,
The other lived to be 60 years old.
The fourth daughter did not give birth.
Although the third daughter has two sons and two daughters, none of them have offspring.
The queen's eldest daughter married into Germany, and the eldest princess's son succeeded to the throne as Emperor of Germany, and later launched the First World War.
Victoria married several daughters to other European countries, allowing her children to spread almost all over the European royal family, which was important for the consolidation of Great Britain
The power of the Empire was helpful.
But there is another fatal thing that spreads throughout the European royal family along with this intermarriage, something that is related to genes.
Although Queen Victoria herself lived longer, she was an indirect carrier of hemophilia.
Hemophilia is a blood disease with insufficient coagulation factors, and once a wound appears, it will bleed non-stop and endanger life.
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder. If the carrier passes on to the son is a direct attack, the transmission to the daughter occurs in the daughter's next generation of males.
Queen Victoria, as a carrier of hemophilia, suffered from three of her nine children, namely:
The youngest son, Prince Leopold, died of illness at the age of 31.
Third daughter Princess Alice,
The youngest daughter, Princess Beatrice.
The youngest son, Prince Leopold, died of illness at the age of 31, but fortunately left behind offspring, but his descendants were also deeply plagued by hemophilia.
The third daughter, Princess Alice, and the younger daughter, Princess Beatrice, passed on the disease to their offspring (males), including the son of the last Tsar, Nicholas II.
Fortunately for the British royal family, Edward VII did not inherit his mother's hemophilia.
But other royal families in Europe were unlucky because they intermarried with British princesses.
Hemophilia spread as Queen Victoria's daughter and granddaughter married into the major royal families of Europe, so much so that many royal families died out.
It can be seen that genes are powerful. But medical research at that time was very limited, and it was not clear what was going on.
And in those days, it was common for cousins to marry each other, which could lead to further aggravation of genetic diseases.
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The author | Linda
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