General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Strategic issues are fundamental issues for a political party and a country. If we make accurate strategic judgments, plan scientifically strategically, and win the initiative strategically, we will have great hope for the cause of the party and the people. "Since ancient times, those who do not seek the world are not enough to seek a moment; those who do not seek the overall situation are not enough to seek a domain. Strategy and tactics are two important types of decision-making, and formulating and implementing correct strategies and tactics is the core ability of leading cadres, which has a bearing on the success or failure of the cause of the party and the people.
Strategy and tactics have a bearing on the success or failure of the cause of the party and the people
"Strategy" originated in the military field and then gradually expanded into various fields, levels, and organizations. The so-called strategy refers to predicting the future development trend on the basis of objectively understanding the development law of things, and then making long-term, overall and key decisions. During the period of the revolutionary war, Mao Zedong paid great attention to strategy and deeply considered the strategic issues of China's revolutionary war and the strategic issues of the anti-Japanese guerrilla war. Strategy is a specific measure of flexibility applied to ensure that the strategy is realized, in response to changes in the internal and external environment. Mao Zedong pointed out: "Our principled nature must be firm, and we must also have all the necessary and necessary flexibility in order to realize the principle"; "The Communist Party of China works in a complex environment, and every party member, especially cadres, must temper himself to become a fighter who understands Marxist tactics"; "policies and tactics are the life of the party, and leading comrades at all levels must pay full attention to them and must not be careless."
Over the past one hundred years, the party has always been able to strategically understand, analyze, and judge the major historical issues it is facing at major historical junctures, and formulate correct strategies and tactics, which is a powerful guarantee for the party to overcome countless risks and challenges and constantly move from victory to victory. Strategy and tactics are two important types of decision-making, which are of vital importance to the improvement of leadership efficiency of leading cadres at all levels and to the success or failure of our party's cause.
Adhere to the dialectical unity of strategy and tactics
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "strategy and tactics are dialectical and unified relations, and it is necessary to combine the firmness of strategy with the flexibility of tactics." In the midst of major changes unprecedented in a century, the international situation is changing, and domestic hotspots are constantly changing, and leading cadres must deeply understand the internal relationship between strategy and tactics, adhere to the dialectical unity of ideals and reality, stability and flexibility, and overall and partial, and constantly improve the level of strategy and tactics.
Adhere to the dialectical unity of ideal and reality. The strategy focuses on the purpose, the future vision, the direction of development, the strategy focuses on the means, focus on the way forward, the action plan. Leading cadres need to formulate strategies for the future as well as down-to-earth strategies. Strategy is the vision, mission, and goals of the organization for the next five decades and beyond. For example, the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a two-stage strategic arrangement for the realization of the second centenary goal, basically realizing socialist modernization from 2020 to 2035, and building the mainland into a socialist modern power from 2035 to the middle of this century. While paying attention to the future direction, we must also pay attention to the solution of current practical problems. The present is the guarantee of the future, if you do not pay attention to the solution of the current practical problems and the achievement of the current decomposition goal, the long-term strategy will be difficult to achieve. Strategy is the specific ability to put the strategy into practice, and it is the actual behavior of turning the strategy into "stepping on the stone to leave a mark and grasping the iron with marks". Leading cadres at all levels should shout fewer slogans, do more practical work, be good at infiltrating strategy into the entire process of leadership activities, and decompose them into real stage goals and concrete measures.
Adhere to the dialectical unity of stability and flexibility. Leading cadres must formulate a relatively stable strategy as well as master a relatively flexible strategy. Strategy is inseparable from the guidance of stability strategy, and strategy is inseparable from the guarantee of flexible strategy. Mao Zedong likened the future development of the situation to the change of climate throughout the year, and the dress should change with the seasons. The development of the situation of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in that year, "the situation of the War of Resistance after the fifth year, is really in the final stage of striving for victory. This stage is not only different from the first and second years of the War of Resistance against Japan, but also from the third and fourth years of the War of Resistance against Japan." The same strategy will lose its good utility in different environmental conditions, and the strategy must be consistent with the situation of the War of Resistance at that time. There is no one-size-fits-all strategy, no "one-size-fits-all" strategy. Leading cadres should uphold the principle of seeking truth from facts, keenly perceive the development and changes of the future situation, analyze specific problems in light of the main contradictions and contradictions in different periods, different regions, and different organizations, judge the hour and size up the situation, take into account both internal and external situations, and flexibly adjust their tactics according to the conditions of the time and with the times, so as to achieve the best results.
Adhere to the dialectical unity of the overall situation and the part. The strategy focuses on the overall situation, focusing on the overall goal and overall planning; the strategy focuses on the part, focusing on decomposing the goals and priorities. Leading cadres should pay attention to both the overall strategy and the local strategy; they should firmly establish a sense of the overall situation and the overall situation; they should be good at understanding and judging the situation, observing and handling problems from a political point of view; they should be good at calculating big accounts and general accounts; they must not harm the interests of the overall situation for the sake of local interests; and any work arrangement with local characteristics must be in line with the spirit of the central authorities. At the same time, leading cadres should shoulder the primary responsibility for the development of their own departments and regions, bear in mind the "great power of the country," "look at the overall situation and seek a domain, grasp the situation and seek major events," thoroughly study the various constituent elements involved in the work and their mutual relations, pay close attention to the important links and key elements among them, and carry out creative work based on local realities to ensure the benign development of their own departments and regions.
The strategy focuses on the long-term vision, the strategy focuses on the current problems; the strategy has stability, the strategy has flexibility; the strategy focuses on the overall situation, and the strategy focuses on the part. Several presents are the future, local integration is the overall situation, and strategies and tactics are interdependent and intertwined. Leading cadres should make overall plans to properly handle the internal relationship between ideals and reality, stability and flexibility, and between the overall situation and the localities.
A key element in enhancing strategic strategy capabilities
Strategy determines the formulation and implementation of strategy, strategy serves the realization of a strategy, the ideal strategy is inseparable from the support of a number of realistic strategies. Foresight, decision-making, and determination are the three key elements for leading cadres to formulate strategies and tactics, and to enhance the strategic and tactical capabilities of leading cadres, we must improve our foresight, enhance our decisions, and maintain our determination.
Improve foresight. The so-called foresight is "when it first emerges on the horizon, when it is just a little bit of a head, when it is still a small amount of non-universality, you can see it, you can see its future universal significance." If there are mistakes in foresight and misjudgments about the development trend of things, it will be difficult for strategic tactics to play their role in guiding practice. "We don't have enough eyesight and should rely on telescopes and microscopes." The Marxist method is politically and militarily a telescope and a microscope. "Based on systematic and thorough investigation and research, leading cadres should judge the development trend and development direction of things in advance on the basis of comprehensive, accurate, and timely grasp of information, grasp the emerging and tendentious problems, and formulate strategies and tactics." Foresight focuses on seeking truth, through profound insight and grasp of objective laws, analysis and judgment of the key elements that determine the development of things, in order to effectively avoid the blindness of strategic tactics.
Strengthen decision-making. Decision-making is a key choice made on directional, overall and strategic issues in the face of complex situations, multiple risks, and exceptionally difficult times, and is a difficult decision, decisive decision, and prudent creation in strategic and strategic decision-making. Mao Zedong once said, "'If you are not careful, you will lose everything', but you are talking about something that is of an overall nature, that is, a move that is of decisive significance to the overall situation, not a move that is partial, that is, a situation that has no decisive significance for the overall situation." Leading cadres should uphold a certain value principle, apply Marxist methodology, focus on discovering, analyzing, and resolving the main contradictions and main aspects of contradictions in the future and the overall situation, grasp the essence of things and the internal laws of development, make overall plans for the overall situation, weigh the advantages and disadvantages, innovate and respond to changes, grasp the timeliness and effectiveness, and choose the most suitable program among various programs. Determination focuses on seeking goodness, which is the concentrated embodiment of wisdom and boldness, which is obviously to perceive the essence of things, weigh the pros and cons, and bear the results of decision-making.
Enhances concentration. Concentration is the psychological quality and behavioral ability to pragmatically and calmly adhere to the established long-term and fundamental strategic goals, and not change the original intention, goal and direction for temporary benefits and temporary changes. The implementation of the strategy is long-term, complex and arduous, and in the process of flexible application of the strategy, we may encounter various new problems and new contradictions. Some leading cadres only see the difficulties and contradictions in front of them and lack the determination to persevere. Especially in the face of setbacks and crises, leading cadres must have firm willpower, be calm, have a clear head, be confident in the strategic direction, uphold determination, and have patience, so that "chaotic clouds and clouds are still calm." The focus is on seeking stability, continuing the strategy that has been formulated, not suffering from gains and losses, and "stepping on stones to leave a mark, grasping the strength of iron marks" and "the spirit of nails", "holding on to the green mountains and not relaxing".
Formulating correct strategies and tactics is of vital importance for our party to lead the people of the whole country to overcome various risks and challenges and move toward the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Leading cadres must deeply understand the intrinsic relationship between strategy and tactics, adhere to the dialectical unity of ideals and reality, stability and flexibility, and the overall situation and the local situation, improve foresight, enhance decision-making, and maintain concentration, so as to continuously improve the level of strategy and tactics.
Source: The Masses, No. 6, 2022
Author:He Lijun(The author is a professor at Pudong Cadre College, China)
Editor-in-charge: Li Jiajing
