In the imperial palace of the Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty, left a testament to his descendants, engraved on an iron plate, and all the emperors of the Song Dynasty who took the throne had to read this testament. The instructions were so secret that even the Prime Minister would not know its contents, except for specific people in the palace. Later, jin destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty and occupied Miyagi, only to discover the existence of the testament. The content is as follows:
1. If the descendants of the Chai clan are guilty, they shall not be sentenced to additional punishment, and if they commit treason, they shall be given in prison, and they shall not be punished by cao, nor shall they sit on their subordinates.
2. No one shall kill a scholar or a person who has written to him.
3. Whoever has this oath will be destroyed by heaven.
Is it a great contrast with some dynasties that "cut the grass and remove the roots, never have any troubles", "dig the ground three feet, destroy the nine ethnic groups", "peel the grass, and set an example". The emperors of the Song Dynasty basically abided by the oath of testament, and the descendants of the Chai family coexisted and died with the Song and ruled the world together with the scholars, which became the consensus of the emperors of the Song Dynasty. Therefore, there is a brilliant Song Dynasty culture and the appointment of officials who can go up and down, and can degrade and return. Song Taizu was generous and generous, humble and generous, diligent in government and loved the people, advocating frugality, and leading by example. Its gentle temperament was expressed in the politics of the entire Song Dynasty.
On the issue of dealing with the founding heroes, Song Taizu "released the military power with a cup of wine"; Han Gaozu "died a cunning rabbit, and the lackeys cooked"; and Ming Taizu "drank with a golden cup, and the white blade did not spare each other". Han Xin and Li Shanchang under the butcher's knife; Xiao He and Liu Ji, who clipped their tails and self-destructed their honors. How to read such a history has a smell of blood. Compared with Shi Shouxin and Zhao Pu, are there more reasons to believe that the world is still beautiful?
Song Taizu was magnanimous and did not subdue people with killing. Once, at a banquet with a group of courtiers, Wang Shu, a scholar of Hanlin, had earlier been a trusted minister of later Zhou Shizong Chai Rong, who was drunk, missed his old master, and became noisy in public. The crowd was terrified and sweated for him. Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin did not blame him, and ordered someone to help him out to rest. The king refused to go out, hiding behind the screen and crying loudly. The next day, someone impeached the king for stirring up a banquet and remembering Zhou Shizong, and he should be severely punished. Song Taizu said, "He was drunk, and when Sejong was there, I was a vassal of him and was familiar with his temper." He was a scholar, crying and weeping for the Lord, and he would not have any major problems. ”
For an emperor, especially the founding emperor, merit is an unavoidable topic. Song Taizu occupied Jinghu Lake, attacked Houshu, pacified Jiangnan, and put an end to the situation in which wars and chaos had persisted since the end of the Tang Dynasty and the dynasties had changed; a series of major measures, such as strengthening the centralization of power, perfecting the examination for the examination of the imperial examinations, building water conservancy, lightly giving up thin endowments, appointing virtuous people, and cultivating honesty and honesty, completely reversed the dark situation of the dictatorship of military generals since the end of the Tang Dynasty, and made the economy and culture of the Song Dynasty unprecedentedly prosperous.
The greatest contribution and achievement of Song Taizu's life was to restore the unity of the Chinese region and put an end to the chaotic situation of feudal and town divisions that had lasted for decades since the end of the Tang Dynasty. The people who have suffered from the war finally have a peaceful and peaceful production and living environment, which has created good conditions for social progress, economic development, and cultural prosperity. As the end of the five dynasties and ten kingdoms at the end of the Tang Dynasty and the pioneer of the Great Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuang Song Taizuyin was an important figure in Chinese history.
In addition, Emperor Taizu also made great contributions to Chinese martial arts, "Taizu Long Fist" and "Taizu Pan Dragon Stick", which are still respected by the martial arts community!
Regarding the successors, The Song Taizu Zhao KuangYin collapsed, and Emperor Taizong Zhao Guangyi ascended the throne. Historically, there are "golden alliances" and "axe candle shadows", which have not yet been conclusively determined. But I prefer to believe that it is Emperor Taizu's own will. There is a poem that describes the chaotic Five Dynasties period: "Zhu Lishi Liu Guo, Liang Tang, Jin, Han Zhou, all came to the fifteen emperors, and the fifty autumns were chaotic." In the past few decades, many dynasties have changed, all of which are the death of the old emperor, the new emperor is either young or incompetent, and the military generals in the DPRK and China hold military power and cannot control it, resulting in the death of the country and the destruction of the country, and the turmoil of the country. Song Taizu died at the age of 50, in the face of such a situation, should the throne be passed on to the younger brother who is rich and powerful, has been practicing for a long time, and has a good strategy, or a young and unworldly son who can better guarantee the thousands of generations of the Great Song Dynasty. Personally, I believe that Emperor Taizong's ascension to the throne is the result of Taizu's extraordinary analysis of the current situation.
Historical evaluation:
Fan Zhongyan: "Since the ancestors, they have not tried to kill a subordinate lightly, this is a matter of great virtue." ”
Su Shi: "... And my Emperor Taizu, the four kings who can go to the end of the day, all of them are caused by those who do not love to kill, and the more people are killed, the more chaotic the world is. ”
Cheng Yi: "Taizu has the world, saves the chaos of five generations, does not kill a single person, has not been compared with Han and Tang since ancient times, and knows that the ancestors of the Zhao clan are safe in Taishan." ”
Liu Anshi: "Taizu's heart, Yao Shun's heart." ”
Zhu Yuanzhang: "But Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty, Shun Tian Yingren, unified Haiyu, Three Hundred Extensions, and civilization under the heavens." Those who have the virtue of the king and the merits of the world..."
Wang Fuzhi: "Taizu LeShi, locked in the temple, so that the heir to the throne, into the kneeling reading." There are three precepts: first, to protect the descendants of the Chai clan; second, not to kill the scholars; and third, not to add farmland endowments. alack! If these three are not said to be virtuous, they cannot be said to be virtuous. ”
Zhao Yi: "Song Taizu founded the country with loyalty, and did not try to kill a major general, but just because of the fortune of the xing king, he succeeded and did not have anything to kill." ”
Lu Simian: "Song Taizu's talent is also comparable to that of Zhou Shizong, or it is more stable." ”