The "pastoral complex" is the current thinking mode of rural development representing innovative breakthroughs, and on February 5, 2017, as a highlight measure for the development of new rural industries, it was written into the Central No. 1 document. This issue of the institute article shares with you the knowledge of "construction strategy, system construction and planning and design points of pastoral complex".
Pastoral complex building strategy
1. Do a good job in preliminary planning and build a supporting industrial system
Based on industry, the pastoral complex is based on agriculture, and enterprises undertake agriculture, and the agricultural industry, especially modern agriculture, is upgraded by the method of agricultural industrial park development, forming the basic industry of local society. We must adhere to the planning first, multi-regulation integration, high standing, forward-looking and feasible, accurate positioning, the production and life of villagers truly integrated into the construction of pastoral, and enhance the ability of sustainable development.
2. Revitalize land resources and improve the quality of land use
Promote moderate-scale agricultural operation through land circulation, joint-stock cooperative system, substitute cultivation for planting, land trusteeship, etc., optimize the agricultural production and operation system, and increase farmers' efficiency.
Upgrading the development mode of the complex land In order to promote the development of the pastoral complex, it is necessary to continuously upgrade the development mode of the complex land, and in the process of land development, it is necessary to be able to develop according to the development status of rural land, and there are two main modes used at present, one is the pastoral experience resort operation real estate model, and the other is the comprehensive leisure supporting real estate model. In the process of using these two real estate models, they should be used according to local conditions, only in this way can we achieve better development results, improve the adaptability of pastoral complexes, and promote the development of pastoral complexes.
3. Innovate the cooperation model between subjects
Properly handle the relationship between the government, farmers and enterprises, give play to the main role of the three, improve the market-oriented operation mechanism, fully take the initiative to invest, each do its best, take what they need, and form a joint force for construction.
4. Introduce social capital and innovate project financing models
In addition to financial support, at the same time, it is necessary to promote more cooperation between the government and private capital, use fiscal leverage, leverage financial and social capital investment, and broaden the financing channels for pastoral construction.
5. Introduce advanced management methods and improve the supporting facilities system
Introduce advanced management methods, improve the quality of agricultural leisure, high-standard farmland construction, and strengthen the infrastructure construction and supporting facilities construction of pastoral + rural areas.
System construction and functional partitioning of pastoral complex
First, the construction of the pastoral complex industrial system
The development of pastoral complex is not built by ordinary agricultural + tourism formats, but the innovation and integration of the industrial chain!
1. Four major industrial systems:
Core industries: agricultural production and agricultural leisure activities with characteristic agricultural products and parks as the carrier;
Supporting industries: enterprise groups that directly support the research and development, processing, promotion and promotion of leisure agricultural products, as well as financial, media and other enterprises;
Supporting industries: industrial clusters that provide a good environment and atmosphere for creative agriculture, such as tourism, catering, bars, entertainment, training, pastoral real estate, etc.;
Derivative industries: other industrial clusters that invest in characteristic agricultural products and cultural and creative achievements.
2. Industrial extension and interaction mode design
Integrate and infiltrate various industries, expand the industrial chain of pastoral complexes, form a market-oriented, rural production, life, ecology as resources, combine agricultural products with culture, leisure and vacation, artistic creativity, in order to enhance the value and output value of modern agriculture, create high-quality agricultural products, and expand the rural consumer market and tourism market. Leisure agriculture has high cultural taste, high technology, high added value and high integration, which is the focus of modern agricultural development and a new trend in the development and evolution of modern agriculture.
Through the mutual penetration and integration of various industries, the organic combination of leisure and entertainment, health vacation, culture and art, agricultural technology, agricultural and sideline products, farming activities, etc., can expand the original R & D, production, processing and sales industry chain of modern agriculture.
In the leisure agricultural industry system, the first, second and third industries are integrated and interacted, the traditional industry and modern industry are effectively grafted, culture and science and technology are closely integrated, and the traditional single function of agriculture and processed edible agricultural products become the carrier of modern leisure products, playing a variety of functions that lead the trend of new consumption, opening up new markets, expanding new value space, and the multiplier effect of industrial value is very significant.
Second, the 8 functional partitions of the pastoral complex
1. Agricultural production area - large pastoral agricultural production space
Positioning: The main functional part of the production, the core area that provides industrial support and development momentum for the development and operation of the complex.
Function: The agricultural production area is mainly engaged in the production activities of planting and breeding, and has the function of regulating the micro-climate of the pastoral complex and increasing the leisure space.
Site selection: Usually selected in the field water conservancy facilities are perfect, the field is flat and fertile, the water conservancy facilities are matched, and the field roads are smooth.
Planning: Combined with the regional layout planning of mainland characteristic agricultural products, select suitable breeding varieties to form their own characteristic agricultural production content. The planning of agricultural production areas should have a scale effect, which can maximize the respect for the texture of the site and meet the requirements of the four-season planting of crops; try to meet the needs of mechanized planting; and consider the requirements of the machine ploughing road and the tillage planning of the four-season industry. Let tourists understand the whole process of agricultural production, and fully experience the fun of agricultural production in participating in agricultural activities. Projects such as ecological agriculture demonstrations, agricultural science education demonstrations, agricultural science and technology demonstrations, and citizen/group farming can also be carried out.
2. Agricultural landscape area - the core pastoral space that attracts popularity and enhances wealth
Positioning: The key to attracting people and increasing the value of the land, the theme tourism area based on pastoral landscapes, agricultural production and high-quality agricultural products
Function: The agricultural landscape area is an area that develops themed sightseeing activities with different characteristics with rural pastoral landscapes, agricultural production activities and characteristic agricultural products as leisure attractions.
Elements: Use local resources and environment to develop agricultural landscapes such as characteristic gardens, so that visitors can watch green landscapes and get close to nature. In addition, modern agricultural facilities, agricultural production processes, and agricultural product displays are also elements that constitute the landscape characteristics of agriculture.
Planning: The planning layout of the core landscape area should highlight the landscape theme, plan the main landscape and special way of visiting (routes, nodes), relying on ornamental farmland, famous melon orchards, ornamental seedlings, flower display areas, wetland scenery areas, landscape scenery areas and other natural landscape areas, so that tourists can feel the pastoral scenery and experience the charm of pastoral rural leisure agriculture.
3. Modern agricultural industrial park - extension of the modernization of the agricultural industry chain
Positioning: Develop modern agriculture in the form of agricultural industrial parks to achieve agricultural modernization and large-scale operation.
Function: The agricultural industrial park is mainly engaged in breeding and breeding production, as well as agricultural product processing, promotion, sales, agricultural product research and development, etc., forming a complete industrial chain, generally large area. The Agricultural Industrial Park is the basis for the formation of the pastoral complex.
Planning: Modern agricultural industrial parks should develop new types of agriculture such as circular agriculture, facility agriculture, characteristic agriculture, soilless agriculture, export-oriented agriculture, leisure agriculture, and creative agriculture, and develop biological engineering technology. Modern agricultural industrial parks can include modern agricultural industrial parks, modern agricultural science and technology parks, modern agricultural entrepreneurship parks, etc. The modern agricultural industrial park is mainly production-oriented, and can also contain some agricultural science education and modern agricultural tourism.
4. Living and residential areas - the core bearing area where urbanization can be realized
Positioning: The main functional part of urbanization, farmers, workers, travelers and other relatively concentrated residential living areas.
Function: Living and residential areas are an important support for the pastoral complex to move towards a new urbanization structure. Farmers participate in agricultural production labor and leisure project operations on the pastoral complex platform, undertake the corresponding division of labor, and live in it, without relocating to other places.
Planning: Focus on the extension of the various elements of the pastoral complex, drive the development of the leisure industry, form a comprehensive industrial platform based on agriculture and supported by leisure, guide the gathering of personnel through industrial integration and industrial agglomeration, and form a residential living area with a relatively concentrated population of 3 types, such as the community-based residential life of local farmers, the residential life of industrial workers, and the living life of foreign leisure tourism, thus forming a new population agglomeration area relying on the pastoral complex and building the population base of the countryside.
5. Agricultural science education and agricultural experience area - an important area carrying the connotation of agricultural culture and educational functions
Planning: Special areas can be set up to set up modern agricultural museums, modern agricultural demonstration areas, traditional agricultural experience areas, zoological and botanical gardens, environmental and natural education parks, citizens' farms, creative agricultural display areas, etc. The above parks are combined with leisure and recreation experiences. Among them, the traditional agricultural experience area includes rural idyllic scenery, traditional agricultural production activities, handicraft workshops, farmhouse life and customs, etc., and can use the preserved ancient villages.
6. Township leisure and rural resorts - leisure spaces to meet tourists' agricultural creative activities
Positioning: The Creative Agricultural Leisure Area is a characteristic living space where tourists can deeply experience agricultural creativity.
Function: To meet the various needs of customers, so that urban and rural residents can more deeply experience rural style activities, enjoy the joy of life brought by leisure and creative agriculture.
Planning: Mainly using rural mountains, forests, streams, reservoirs, lakes, wetlands, settlements and rural culture, etc., to carry out a variety of outdoor activities and recreational activities, such as mountaineering, hiking, mountain biking, rafting, camping, fishing, boating, gardening, development, CS and various cultural and recreational activities. Special rural natural recreation parks and outdoor sports parks can be set up. Rural resorts can be built in areas with conditions, including rural cultural homestays, village hotels, chalets, villas, agricultural estates, etc. The agricultural manor should reflect the characteristics of "advocating nature, high-end culture, elegant life, and independent space". Rural resorts should meet people's needs to return to nature and retreat to the countryside.
7. Industry-city integrated service supporting area - the core area for providing services and guarantees
Function: The integrated service supporting area of the industry and the city is a supporting functional area that the pastoral complex must have, and a functional area that provides services and guarantees for the functions and organizational operation of the complex.
Innovative planning concept:
8. Derivative Industrial Zone - Pilot Area of Advanced Development Model of Pastoral Complex
Innovative planning concept: The pastoral complex can also develop derivative characteristic industries, extend the industrial chain, and create diversified industrial integration on the basis of paying attention to the agricultural foundation and paying attention to the interests of farmers. The developable industries should have agricultural and regional cultural relevance, such as tourism industry, cultural and creative industry, health care industry, agriculture-related cultural real estate industry, etc., and some emerging industries can be developed, such as Internet agriculture, sports industry, film and television industry, science and education industry, etc
Planning ideas and design points of the pastoral complex
1. The functional compounding of the pastoral industry
Pseudo-pastoral complex: planting + processing + sales + picking
True pastoral complex: agriculture, industry, commerce, tourism one-two-three industries linkage
The industrial economic structure is diversified, from a single industry to a joint development of the first, second and third industries, from a single product to the development and upgrading of comprehensive leisure resort products, from traditional residences to pastoral experience vacation, pension and other leisure comprehensive real estate land development model upgrade.
In a certain regional space, the functional sections such as modern agricultural production space, resident living space, tourist recreation space, ecological conservation development space are combined, and an interdependent and mutually beneficial dynamic relationship is established between various parts, so as to form a multi-functional, efficient, complex and unified pastoral complex. Modern agriculture is undoubtedly the core driver of the sustainable development of pastoral complexes.
2. Development and operation space park
Pseudo-pastoral complex: cultivated land area + picking area + farm stay
True Pastoral Complex: Agricultural Core Area + Supporting Support + Derivative Industrial Zone
As a common activity space for indigenous people, new immigrants and tourists, the pastoral complex should fully consider the continuous increase in income of indigenous people, but also ensure the continuous input of foreign customers, both with relatively perfect internal and external transportation conditions, as well as abundant development space and attractive pastoral landscape and culture.
The way the pastoral complex is made, the way of site selection, the degree of correlation between industries, how to coexist and parallel the project content; the operation mode, material cycle, product relevance, and brand image all need to be considered.
3. Participate in the diversification of core subjects
Pseudo-pastoral complex: single disguised real estate / monotonous independent farmhouse
True Pastoral Complex: Village Collective + Developer + Government + Tourist
The starting point of the pastoral complex is to advocate a "development" method that allows enterprises to participate, combine urban elements with the countryside, and build together by multiple parties, innovate urban and rural development, promote accelerated industrial change, steady growth of farmers' incomes and steady progress in the construction of new rural areas, and reshape the beautiful countryside and beautiful towns in China's countryside.
On the one hand, it emphasizes cooperation with indigenous people and adheres to the main position of farmers' cooperatives, and farmers' cooperatives use their natural interest connection mechanism with farmers to enable farmers not only to participate in the construction process of pastoral complexes, but also to enjoy the benefits of modern agricultural industry and the growth of asset returns.
On the other hand, it emphasizes the interaction between urban and rural areas, adheres to the open and co-construction thinking, and strives to solve the needs of several types of people, such as "villagers", "tourists", "governments", "investors", "developers", "operators" and other stakeholders. The development of the pastoral complex is not an ordinary agricultural tourism space planning, but a "human-oriented" space construction for production, life and entertainment.
4. Pay attention to 4 major transformation ideas in the design process
Functional transformation, from a simple crop production function to a composite function integrating production, processing, sales and display.
Model transformation, from the agricultural model to the agricultural + model.
Industrial transformation, from the agricultural industry chain to a comprehensive industrial chain, the industrial chain from the production end to the experience end of the transfer.
Value transformation, from the early pastoral output is not high to expand new value space, to achieve economic value, ecological value and life value.
5. Guarantee 6 major design points at the planning level
(1) Ecological protection, restoration and remodeling. Systematically sort out farmland, waters, mountains, villages, roads, scenic spots, etc., protect the basic grid and local features of nature, mountains, water, and pastoral gardens, protect and restore ecosystems, and reshape pastoral ecological landscapes.
(2) Create a landscape with regional characteristics. Dig deep into the cultural and geographical context of the region, and create natural and cultural landscapes with regional characteristics, especially water landscapes, vegetation landscapes, architectural landscapes and scenic roads, greenways, create artistic conceptions, and beautify the environment. Form a distinctive regional image of tourism landscape.
(3) "Harmonious" type natural pastoral community. Scientifically lay out the building roads and town facilities, integrate the pastoral with the building, the town facilities, the building and the mountain stone, water body, vegetation, pastoral together to build natural beauty, environmental beauty, the construction of man and nature, man and the pastoral is very harmonious pastoral community. Realize that the pastoral is the community, and the community is the pastoral.
(4) Professional design of agriculture and natural landscape. Landscape nodes, landscape axes, landscape areas of professional design.
(5) "Humanistic" pastoral activity space. Provide people with natural, comfortable production, living, recreation outdoor space, stimulate people's vitality and spirit of exploration.
(6) Two-dimensional derivation of local culture in time and space. Integrate local culture, regional culture, historical culture, recreation culture, etc. into it.
Copyright notice: the picture and text come from the network, only for learning and communication, the copyright belongs to the original author, if there is a source labeling error or infringement, please contact the editor, will be corrected and deleted in time.
Read thousands of books, travel thousands of miles. Reading Dao Cultural Hotel is honored to share this article with you! Do not land, not creative, if you have a good material case, you are also welcome to share the following message ~