Dual-mode 5G simply supports NSA (non-standalone access) and SA (standalone access) 5G networks, which are the two main types of 5G networks. 5G NR is the global standard for 5G networks. NSA and SA are the two main ways of deploying 5G networks. If the device (in this case, a smartphone) supports both deployment methods, it is called a device that supports dual-mode 5G.
Non-standalone access
In layman's terms, NSA or Non-Standalone Access is a type of 5G network in which operators upgrade their current 4G network infrastructure to provide faster speeds and higher data bandwidth. But the NSA can't dramatically improve latency, which is important for mission-critical tasks like stock/currency trading and self-driving cars.
Stand-alone access
On the other hand, SA or standalone access is the definition of a true 5G network in which operators build 5G infrastructure dedicated to 5G networks. This in turn provides huge speed improvements and, more importantly, the latency of the network (which reduces latency).
In India, we won't see Standalone Access or SA in the near future, as all major carriers are opting for NSA 5G networks (due to the low cost of NSA network deployment).
What is the difference between dual-mode 5G and dual-SIM 5G?
Dual Mode 5G means support for both NSA and SA 5G network types, while Dual SIM 5G means support for 5G networks in both SIM cards. So, don't confuse the two terms.
Which processors support dual-mode 5G?
We will see NSA and SA 5G network support on the next generation of chipsets. Qualcomm, a leading chipmaker, will bring the network through its X55 modem. MediaTek has announced that the network will support its flagship Dimensity 1000 SoC. Samsung's Exynos 990 also enables the network through its Exynos 5123 5G modem.