The large-scale and intensive development of the dairy sheep breeding industry will inevitably bring about a certain degree of environmental pollution problems, and handling the relationship between dairy farming and environmental pollution is a problem that contemporary dairy farmers and environmental protection departments must face! If these environmental pollution problems are not dealt with in a timely manner, then the growing feces, sewage, etc. will cause serious pollution to the surrounding soil, air, water sources, etc., and pose a huge threat to the health and environment of nearby people and livestock, which will affect the healthy and sustainable development of the dairy farming industry.
Environmental pollution and hazards caused by dairy farming
Water pollution
Dairy farms will produce a large amount of sewage every day, which contains a large number of bacteria, parasite eggs, nitrogen and phosphorus, if not treated directly by the sewage treatment system, then wherever the sewage goes, the surrounding water will be blackened and smelly.
Microbial isolation and identification tests have proved that 1 kg of cow manure contains more than 500 million bacteria, more than 80% of which are E. coli, drink contaminated water, and people and livestock are easily sick. At the same time, there are also a large number of cow nematode eggs and roundworm eggs in the feces, which have strong vitality and can survive in the water for at least 1 year, drinking such water, the chances of parasitic diseases and respiratory diseases in humans and livestock will be greatly improved.
At the same time, for the sewage flowing into rivers and ponds, because it contains a small amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, it will make the algae and other aquatic organisms in the water grow rapidly, and the oxygen in the water will be sharply reduced, threatening the survival of fish and shrimp.
soil pollution
Many people think that the cow's feces and urine are rich in nutrients and the feces and urine are directly discharged to the surface, but as everyone knows, such feces and urine are more likely to cause the obstruction of the soil's own air, and the water permeability and air permeability of the air are sharply reduced, resulting in the compaction of the land.
On the other hand, there is still a certain amount of salt and heavy metals in the manure, and after these components accumulate to a certain amount, the soil will become saline and alkaline, and the soil can no longer be planted. The continuous accumulation of heavy metals in the soil will also affect the growth of the plant itself, be absorbed into the plant, and affect the health of people and livestock.
air pollution
Air pollution mainly refers to pollution at the physical and chemical levels.
From a physical point of view, because of the discharge and accumulation of a large amount of feces, sewage, urine, and dead bodies, it will produce a stronger stench, which will be more significant in the summer, affecting the normal life of the surrounding residents.
From a chemical point of view, with the production and emission of harmful gases such as nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and fecal odorin, it will affect the oxygen content of the surrounding air, and in severe cases, it will even cause people to have difficulty breathing.
At present, the amount of methane produced by animal manure in the country is increasing year by year, accounting for about 7% of the total emissions, and dairy cows belong to ruminants, which will emit a large amount of odor, aggravating acid rain and greenhouse effect problems.