Text/Zhang Hao
A few days ago, the 2021 Sichuan Province and Suining City key support social science research project and ancient book collation project "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School" jointly completed by Hu Chuanhuai and Hu Yunke has been published and publicly distributed by the China Overseas Chinese Publishing House, which is a major event in the cultural construction and development of Suining City, and is also another major achievement in the excavation of Mr. Chuanhuai's local literature.
"Longxi Poetry Grass" is the work of Zhong Ruiting, a scholar of Shibantan (present-day Xiangshan Town, Daying County) in Qingpengxi Xixiang, divided into two volumes. Zhong Ruiting was recorded before his death, and 6 years after Zhong Ruiting's death in 1890, it was engraved by the Red Snow Mountain House and printed a small number. Zhong Ruiting (1805-1884), a Hakka poet of the Qing Dynasty, an important member of the Yi scholar and an important member of the Huaixuan School, whose main works include two volumes of Longxi Poetry, two volumes of Yixue Exploration, and ten volumes of Yixiang Microscopy. The Longxi Poetry Grass established Zhong Ruiting's status as a Bashu spiritual poet in the late Qing Dynasty, while "Yixue Exploring the Source" and "Yixiang Microscopy" achieved the scholar status of Zhong Ruiting's generation of Yi scholars.
Zhong Ruiting was talented, less prestigious, erudite and talented, because he was in the last days, he did not live his life, thinking that learning was a teaching, and he settled down. "It is easy to write a thousand autumns, and people are a teacher of a generation." This is the final evaluation of Hu Wenkui, a Shehong lifter in the Qing Dynasty, and it is also a true portrayal of Zhong Ruiting's life. Poets, literary friends, and xueyou of the same era as Zhong Ruiting, in the letters exchanged with Zhong Ruiting and the mourning poems after Zhong Ruiting's death, all expressed their admiration for this "scholarly sect" who was talented, deeply educated, and rich in writing.
Although Zhong Ruiting wrote many works and achieved great achievements in his life, because he took his hometown as the main scope of activity, he was in a corner, and his footprints did not step out of the sword gate and the gate of the sword, and in that era of information blockage and information development, his life and writings were eventually obscured and little known. For more than 100 years, "Longxi Poetry Grass" has only been disseminated in a very small range, and because of its age, most of the original collections have changed color, deteriorated, decayed, and fallen off, and the typesetting is not in line with today's reading habits. Therefore, Chuanhuai and Mr. Yunke's work of sorting out the school this time has revived a work that is about to be lost, and a scholar who is about to be annihilated by wind and dust has regained his glory. This is undoubtedly the most important work in cultural heritage, and it is also an extremely meaningful and valuable work.
The book "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School", based on modern reading methods and reading habits, changed the original version of the vertical right and left arrangement into a horizontal left and right structure, with modern simplified characters as the main font, merged and sorted out a lot of variant characters, and in accordance with the modern poetry arrangement of branches, sentences, punctuation, especially the arrangement of the entire book's catalog, so that the new book meets the new era standards, so that the book "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School" came out, so that readers are refreshed, love to let go, between the play, fresh and fragrant, especially for young readers, "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School" eliminates reading disorders and reading barriers, which lays a good foundation for the popularization and promotion of "Longxi Poetry Grass".
Mr. Erhu's collation work is not limited to the "Longxi Poetry And Grass" itself, the book "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School" is a collection of literature and literature in one furnace, so that readers can get more historical knowledge while appreciating Zhong Ruiting's poetry works, and the point schooler compiles the inscriptions of Zhong Ruiting's literary friends, poetry friends, and xueyou and the research evaluations of scholars in different periods, deepening the reader's understanding and understanding of Zhong Ruiting, and at the same time, Mr. Chuanhuai also compiled his research results on Zhong Ruiting over the years in the book "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School". It has played a huge role in guiding and helping readers to read and comprehend the "Longxi Poetry Grass" itself, and it is also a good reference, guidance and help for scholars who are committed to studying Zhong Ruiting.
The second half of the book is "Zhong's Selected Materials", "Zhong Ruiting's Literary Essence", "Zhong Yongding's Selected Poems", "Selected Papers", which have Mr. Chuanhuai's research results for many years, as well as many valuable contents in historical documents, especially the study of the Zhong family tree, the origin of the Zhong clan and the collation of Zhong Yongding's poetry is very worthy of recognition, on the one hand, it gives the perspective of Zhong's cultural history, and also opens the leading door for future research on Zhong Yongding.
In short, the book "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School" takes Zhong Ruiting's poetry as the main body, comprehensively shows the content, characteristics and charm of Zhong's culture, and gives us a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding and understanding of Zhong Ruiting, a special historical figure. Zhong Ruiting and the Zhong culture centered on him are the remnants of traditional farming civilization, and its regional, folk, rural and rural characteristics are very prominent. Let's analyze the cultural phenomena of Zhong Ruiting and Zhong from several aspects such as knowledge, art, cultivation and environment.
Zhong Ruiting was born in the late Qing Dynasty, the social situation in the last days is very familiar to him who is well versed in historical events, he knows how to position the times, but also knows how to position himself, "Da ze and help the world, poor is good at their own", the ancient admonition Zhaozhao, how has he ever forgotten? Coupled with the fact that Zhong Ruiting's scientific examination has not been smooth when he was young, 30 years old has passed, only a small meritorious name, 55 years old to take the examination, this age into the career, the start is indeed too late, so zhong Ruiting after the small meritorious name is absolutely not shi, he is willing to stay in the countryside to live a life he wants, but also to learn and teach, which is another way of life and survival typical of traditional Chinese intellectuals, although most intellectuals in history have agreed and eventually returned to this road, But people like Zhong Ruiting, who consciously embarked on this path from the beginning and were comfortable and consistent, are indeed a minority.
Throughout the dynasties, many intellectuals have had to return to plainness after "their dreams are broken", sending love to the landscape and the countryside, and Zhong Ruiting, we see, after almost 30 years old, he consciously embarked on this road. From his early works such as "Xiaoxing", "Autumn Suburbs Evening Step", "Thirty Rhymes of Xixi Tianjia", "Inscription Painting", "Longxi Evening Berth", "Planting Trees in the Rain", "Rejuvenation in the Rain" and other works, we can glimpse the author's mental journey, especially his "Thirty Rhymes of Xixi Tianjia" is to express his feelings of tranquility and calmness in rural life, self-pleasure and eternal life, "Yushi net fish and shrimp, leisurely planting flowers and willows." Closed doors are happy and credited, and entrepreneurship has been passed down for a long time. The children are quite good, and the fathers and brothers are benevolent. The robber will flee for eternity, and the blessing has been suffered for a lifetime. In the life of the security, the Xi Emperor dreamed? Taoyuan Ruo was in front of him, smiling. "This is like a picture of an ideal life of a society that is content to be happy, go with the flow of nature, and be at ease with the encounter."
Of course, Chinese traditional knowledge molecules who have been deeply influenced and nurtured by Confucian culture have for thousands of years, they have all embraced the world and taken the life of the people as their own responsibility, whether it is "the height of the temple" or "the distance of the rivers and lakes", they are all "too hungry and hot", do not show themselves, do not take selfishness, and internalize principles, missions, and responsibilities into their own lives, forming a big feeling and pattern of Chinese intellectuals. "Shouldering morality on iron shoulders, writing articles with clever hands", warm intestines in the heart, articles at hand, and shouldering responsibilities, these "original missions" have always run through the pen and ink spring and autumn of Chinese intellectuals, and throughout their entire lives of mountains and mountains and waters.
Under the banner of these justices, coupled with strict moral domestication and moral self-discipline, the spirit of self-discipline, self-improvement, self-encouragement, and self-improvement of Chinese intellectuals is the special disposition that runs through this group.
As a traditional knowledge molecule, Zhong Ruiting has both a sober understanding of the times and a clear self-understanding, and even more importantly, an understanding of the mission and responsibility of the intellectual group. He lived alone in the countryside for decades, and he tempered himself into a teacher of knowledge, a fairy of art, a moral sage, and his arduous cultivation was finally affirmed by the imperial court. In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), when Zhong Ruiting was 62 years old, he was awarded the title of Zhongshu Zhongshu by the imperial court and added the second rank and was enfeoffed as the second generation.
The career path of Zhong Ruiting and the entire Zhong family should be said to be a failure, at least not smooth. For hundreds of years, the Zhong clan of Hexi has not been able to make a name for itself as an official eunuch, nor has it been squeezed into the ranks of official eunuchs. After Zhong Ruiting, Kodi continued to be born under the influence of excellent family style, and with his own efforts, he won many famous families and wrote a wealth of relics. In the Qing Dynasty, the Zhong clan of Hexi educated people with culture and became a far-reaching wang clan in Pengxi, and it can be said that Zhong Ruiting's blessing and exemplary work are indispensable.
Zhong Ruiting is a famous poet and scholar, and his life has both the rigorous diligence of a scholar and the heroism of an artist. Zhong Ruiting is a colorful and vivid person, he is a timeless little flower in the countryside, not only alone, but also his neighbors, his environment. The countryside nurtured him, he also gave back to his village, he relied on the countryside, the countryside was proud of him!
Knowledge is people's understanding of the regularity of things, is the accumulation of production and life experience for generations; art is the collection of inspiration for knowledge, inspiration reproduction, inspiration waterfall, based on the underlying construction of knowledge metaphysical acquisition. Art is vivid, rich, colorful, but art without knowledge to rely on, to do the foundation, then art will be a source of water, no wood, art is the accumulation of knowledge, art without knowledge, after all, will be top-heavy and shallow, such an artist can not go far. Therefore, including Zhong Ruiting, countless poets in ancient times, they all based their poetry art on a deep academic foundation, Zhong Ruiting's poetry not only has a deep academic background, but also has a correct value bottom line, when discussing poetry, temperament, and learning, Zhong Ruiting said such words: "Poetry is temperamental, and if learning is not pure, then the temperament is not right." Whether a person's learning is pure or not is the key to whether a person's disposition is pure or not, and if a person's character is not correct, there will inevitably be a problem with a person's character and mentality, and if a person's character and mentality are already in trouble, then his poetic works (the disposition of the tao) will inevitably have problems. Therefore, the key to doing learning and writing poetry is to be a person.
Here, Zhong Ruiting put his personal cultivation in the first place in life, knowledge, and art from the beginning. His Ten Treatises on ancient times are deafening to read, and they all admire his profundity and originality, and some of his views from more than 100 years ago are almost indistinguishable from our understanding today, which are the results of Zhong Ruiting's pursuit of pure values. In the poem "Show Nephew YongSheng", Zhong Ruiting wrote: "The words are ingenious, and the flowers at the bottom of the pen are wise. Realize that the ethereal spirits are all superior, and the attack will be stale and mediocre. Clever man was mistaken by the poetry book, and Cody first cultivated by virtue. Good to take advantage of the young figure to study realistically, and make a false voice to make the vulgar Confucian guess. Although this poem is an expectation and teaching for future generations, it also reflects Zhong Ruiting's outlook on life, knowledge, scholarship and art from the side.
The most precious thing about Zhong Ruiting is that by doing scholarship, he can achieve "the sect of scholars"; when writing poetry, he can write about the influx school; and teaching is "a generation of teachers". Scholars do not necessarily become artists, artists do not necessarily become scholars, and although the two are related to each other, there are also huge differences. Most of the poems of scholars in history have obvious traces of scholars, strong knowledge and profound heritage, but they are not vivid and flexible enough, rigid and boring, and it is boring to read. The historical "Xikun style" has been widely criticized, because it takes the route of a scholarly poem.
Zhong Ruiting's poems are fresh, superficial, vulgar, and dusty, with few canons or no traces, his poems, ordinary readers do not rely on annotations, it is easy to read, vivid, lively, plain, timeless, write about the people around them, the things around them, the countryside, the countryside scene, the text is simple but the language is novel, the description is ordinary but has a deep taste. As Wang Anshi said: "It seems that the most strange thing is ordinary, and it is easy to get but it is difficult." Zhong Ruiting, as an Yi scholar, was an important poet of the Bashu Spiritual School in the late Qing Dynasty, and it was impossible to achieve such a situation without long-term unremitting academic and artistic cultivation.
Here we come back to another topic: cultivation and the environment. Zhong Ruiting was 55 years old before he was lifted, the belated fame has broken his career dream, blocked his career path, based on a deep understanding of the social conditions of the end of the world, Zhong Ruiting played young, his heart is actually very calm, although there are also some meritorious sense of distress, but this is not the mainstream emotion of Zhong Ruiting. The first volume of "Longxi Poetry" ends before Zhong Ruiting was 36 years old, and judging from the content of his poems before the age of 36, he had a calm and indisputable heart very early on, and "village gentleman" seems to be the ideal and goal of life that he set up very early.
The content of the next volume of "Longxi Poetry" reflects his feelings, he likes the countryside, is content with the countryside, and the countryside is the source of his life, scholarship and art. In the countryside, he did not forget for a moment to sharpen himself, motivate himself, and improve himself. The countryside is not a place of refuge, nor is it a place of healing for the soul, and he has neither returned nor does he need to return. The countryside is a picturesque place, a pure land for the soul and art, and a "paradise" for him. Therefore, most of the content of the whole "Longxi Poetry Grass" is the author's beautiful life, the artistic presentation of the beautiful mood, and his poetic spirit. We cannot simply classify it as "pastoral", still less as hermit. In the middle of his rural life, Zhong Ruiting has achieved a special era of exquisite rural culture, this exquisite rural culture is the essence of the agricultural civilization passed down from generation to generation, in his time, this is the main theme of culture, this is the category of subject culture.
A gentleman who is cautious and independent, self-reliant and generous, Zhong Ruiting's life has practiced these valuable qualities. In the countryside, he was not frustrated, let alone depraved, and for decades, he always sharpened himself and sharpened himself. In addition to doing scholarship and writing poetry, he also insisted on teaching work for more than 50 years, teaching thousands of disciples, hundreds of outstanding people, only the Zhong family tribute should be counted in ten, and the teaching principles summarized by the teaching rules are also a valuable asset. Even in the last days of his life, Zhong Ruiting did not forget his duty and mission: "Before leaving a piece of paper into Lang, the last few words and lines of training." Learn the virtues of the Saints beforehand, and the adult tao is only in the lunchang. He is well-deserved, and he is self-sufficient after benevolence and forgiveness. There are also tens of millions of volumes, and Sun Zeng cherished the fragrance of books. ”
Of course, Zhong Ruiting's growth is inseparable from the environment in which he is located, but this environment is not a simple natural environment, and here we can apply Mr. Li Zehou's theory of "humanized nature". "Humanized nature" and "natural humanization" are two sides of the same coin, Zhong Ruiting's growth in addition to the environment of his hometown, there are thousands of years of profound accumulation of traditional culture, but also the Zhong family migration of more than 100 years of family style, family culture edification, but also Zhong Ruiting's life in this environment carved in the cultivation and tempering.
Shibantan eventually became the foothold of the Zhong family's thousands of miles of migration, of course, it has the attraction of its unique geographical environment. But before the arrival of the Zhong family, this place was as bland as the rest of Bashu, and it was the arduous pioneering of the Ancestors of the Zhong clan that made the stone beach highlight the charm of a family. Subsequently, the Zhong clan cultivated the perseverance of the heirloom, and only then did they prosper the fireworks of a family. Zhong Ruiting is undoubtedly the master of this family, and the deep imprint he has placed on this family's place of survival and reproduction can never be erased.
From a large-scale point of view, Shibantan is definitely an unknown place of egg balls, and Zhong Ruiting did not feel that he had any misfortune and pain in his birth and growth because of it. Here, all his life, he has demanded himself according to the standards of Confucian culture, independent and self-sustaining, not kitsch, not greedy, not following the tide, you see his "Self-titled Paradise": "The famous garden is newly opened by short walls, and the scenery is inspected a hundred times a day." Eight or nine branches of flowers look like paintings, and two or three rooms are smaller than the table. The front of the steps grew nameless grass, and the stone was planted with moss. He instructed Xi Nu to remember that the layman would come. "How noble is this? Gao Jie reached the point of a garden, and Zhong Ruiting was self-disciplined, self-vigilant, and self-reflective in such an environment. Not only does the natural environment require this, but the social environment in which he lives must also be like this, although it is not necessary to be as harsh as "talking and laughing with Hongru, and there is no white ding", but the people who interact must be decent, positive, kind, and honest. Zhong Ruiting is humble, easy-going, has a confucian atmosphere, has a wide range of contacts, does not distinguish between classes, Tian Father and Wild Elder, pawn traders, monks and Taoists, literati and scholars, he is happy to communicate, "Longxi Poetry" recorded in the "momentary masterpiece" reached more than 60, not only to give us a good preservation of those precious cultural historical materials at that time, but also from the side reflects the principle of Zhong Ruiting's exchanges, his "clean self-improvement." Therefore, the stone beach has nurtured Zhong Ruiting, and in turn, Zhong Ruiting has also laid a deep humanistic imprint on the stone beach. "The bell of the slate beach can't be struck" has not long been famous? The Eight Views of the Zhong Ancestral Temple, recorded by Zhong Yongding in poetry, have a far-reaching influence on the stone beach, and many of these eight scenes have the footprints and backs of the "Xianjun", or come from the text of the "Xianjun", or go from the story of the "Xianjun". In The Slate Beach, Mr. Shiban beach from life to death, from death to life, and finally walked into the eternal historical landscape and humanistic landscape of the stone beach! How fortunate is the stone beach, and how blessed is Zhong Ruiting!
For more than 100 years, although it has been covered by historical wind and dust, it has not been blunted to the point of extinction, as long as we open the page of farming culture, he must be marked as a period of time and space as a natural coordinate. "Longxi Shicao" was born more than 100 years ago, after experiencing the impact of great social turmoil and cultural destruction, but it is still stubbornly remembered and recorded. We believe that "Longxi Poetry Grass Point School" will still show our children and grandchildren a special artistic charm in a certain space at a certain time in the future.