The Fifth Session of the 13th National People's Congress is about to open, and Lei Jun, as a well-known entrepreneur who was elected as a deputy to the National People's Congress in 2013, has put forward many suggestions for the development of the national economy in the past. On March 4, Lei Jun put forward his latest 4 suggestions:
Proposal on the construction of a carbon footprint accounting system for new energy vehicles;
Suggestions on accelerating the construction of high-power fast charging infrastructure for new energy vehicles;
Suggestions on promoting the in-depth participation of private enterprises in social welfare and philanthropy;
Proposals for further strengthening the recycling of e-waste.
Among them, in the proposal for the construction of a carbon footprint accounting system for new energy vehicles, Lei Jun believes that the mainland urgently needs to establish and improve the carbon footprint accounting system to support the accurate management, accounting, certification and verification of carbon footprints.
Therefore, he suggested the establishment of a systematic carbon footprint management system; the formulation of carbon footprint accounting standards and methods for the whole industry chain of new energy vehicles; the establishment of a new energy vehicle carbon footprint industry data platform; and the improvement of carbon footprint certification, rating and incentive mechanisms are the key.
In the proposals on accelerating the construction of high-power fast charging infrastructure for new energy vehicles, he believes that charging infrastructure is an important guarantee for the high-quality development of the new energy automobile industry, so it is recommended to strengthen policy guidance and coordinate the planning and layout of high-power fast charging networks; form a national innovation cooperation platform to strengthen joint research on core technologies; strengthen construction service guarantees and promote the popularization of high-power charging infrastructure
In the proposal on promoting private enterprises to deeply participate in social welfare charity, Lei Jun believes that to promote the mainland's public welfare charity to move towards a higher stage of high-quality development, it is necessary to transform from focusing on quantity and scale to improving capacity and efficiency, and private enterprises should be encouraged and guided to further identify the combination point of charity needs and their own advantages, and actively play a greater role.
Therefore, he suggested that the registration threshold and business scope of enterprise foundations should be appropriately relaxed to help enterprises improve the professional level of engaging in public welfare undertakings; a three- to five-year service reform plan should be formulated to strengthen professional guidance and services for enterprises to participate in public welfare undertakings, and to explore new donation methods to encourage enterprises to actively carry out public welfare innovation.
In the proposal to further strengthen the recycling of electronic waste, he believes that improving the recycling of electronic waste is of great significance to ensuring the security of national resources, promoting the realization of the double carbon target, and promoting the construction of ecological civilization.
Therefore, he believes that a medium- and long-term development plan for the recycling of electronic waste should be formulated; market players should be vigorously cultivated, and coordinated development should be strengthened; personal data and information security should be guaranteed and the recovery rate of electronic waste should be improved; publicity and guidance should be strengthened to carry out pilot projects for carbon credits for personal electronic waste.
According to ZAKER Technology, lei jun's two sessions in 2021 propose to further promote the development of intelligent manufacturing; help the elderly integrate into digital life; and accelerate the digital construction of county medical prevention. The proposals of Lei Jun's two sessions in 2020 have four aspects, namely: suggestions on promoting the development of the satellite Internet industry; suggestions on how to use smart phones, TVs and other intelligent terminals to build public service systems such as disaster early warning in the mainland; suggestions on improving financing services for small and micro enterprises; and suggestions on increasing efforts to introduce international high-level talents.
It can be seen that in the past three years, the proposals submitted by Lei Jun and the two sessions have revolved around the general direction of promoting the development of the digital economy and empowering life with science and technology.
The following is the original text of the proposal of the two sessions of the Lei Jun:
First, the proposal on the construction of a carbon footprint accounting system for new energy vehicles
In recent years, the mainland has successively issued policy documents such as the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)", "Opinions on The Complete, Accurate and Comprehensive Implementation of the New Development Concept to Do a Good Job in Carbon Neutrality", and the "Notice on the Carbon Peak Action Plan before 2030", which clarified the blueprint for the mainland's strategy to cope with climate change and promote green and low-carbon development. At the same time, under the global carbon peak, carbon neutrality target and EU carbon tariff and other trade systems, the low-carbon development of new energy vehicles has become the key winner and loser of global competition in the automobile industry, and a complete, clear and accurate carbon footprint accounting system is the premise and foundation for the low-carbon development of the new energy automobile industry.
In October 2020, the "Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap 2.0" compiled under the guidance of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology clearly pointed out that the carbon emissions of the mainland automobile industry will peak earlier around 2028, and by 2035, the total carbon emissions will drop by more than 20% compared with the peak. For the low-carbon development of the mainland automobile industry, it is urgent to establish and improve the carbon footprint accounting system, support the accurate management, accounting, certification and verification of the carbon footprint, and help the realization of the "double carbon" goal of the mainland new energy automobile industry.
Therefore, I recommend:
First, establish a systematic carbon footprint management system to guide the low-carbon development of the new energy automobile industry as a whole.
At present, a systematic carbon footprint policy management system has not yet been formed in the field of new energy vehicles, and it is recommended that relevant departments start from the top-level design to formulate a medium- and long-term development plan for carbon emission reduction in the new energy vehicle industry chain, clarify the path and goal of emission reduction at each stage; formulate a carbon footprint management method for the whole industry chain from raw materials to scrap recycling, clarify the main responsibility of enterprises, and guide the industrial chain to implement carbon emission reduction.
Second, formulate carbon footprint accounting standards and methods for the whole industry chain of new energy vehicles.
At present, the mainland has released 3 batches of 24 industry accounting methods, but it has not yet covered the entire industrial chain of new energy vehicles. It is recommended that the relevant state departments take the lead in formulating and improving the carbon footprint accounting methods and models for new energy vehicles, clarify the objects, scope and boundaries of carbon footprint accounting, and ensure the unification of carbon footprint accounting standards for the same type of products; at the same time, establish a carbon footprint measurement and evaluation standard system, clarify the requirements for measurement accuracy and data sources, improve the accuracy of carbon footprint accounting, and provide clear guidance for enterprises and relevant institutions to carry out carbon footprint accounting and evaluation.
Third, establish a new energy vehicle carbon footprint industry data platform.
At present, the carbon footprint data of the automotive industry mainly comes from the average value declared by various industries or the measurement data of domestic and foreign research institutes and universities, and there is still much room for improvement in completeness, accuracy and real-time. It is recommended that relevant competent departments take the lead in organizing industry associations, scientific research institutes and backbone enterprises of the industrial chain to establish a new energy vehicle life cycle carbon footprint industry database with consistent caliber and standards around energy types, raw materials, production and manufacturing, and recycling, support the data acquisition, storage, mining and processing analysis of the shared carbon footprint in the industry, and provide a scientific and accurate data basis for the carbon footprint assessment of the whole industry chain of new energy vehicles.
Fourth, improve the carbon footprint certification, rating and incentive mechanism.
At present, the carbon footprint certification system of new energy vehicle products in mainland China is still not perfect, and the enthusiasm of enterprise products for low-carbon certification needs to be further boosted. It is recommended that the competent authorities issue carbon footprint certification standards for new energy vehicles as soon as possible, standardize the certification process, formulate evaluation levels and corresponding indicators, establish a rating and publicity system for low-carbon products of new energy vehicles, design a market-oriented incentive mechanism, and encourage enterprises to increase investment in low-carbon design.
Second, suggestions on accelerating the construction of high-power fast charging infrastructure for new energy vehicles
Charging infrastructure is an important guarantee for the high-quality development of the new energy automobile industry. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the mainland's charging infrastructure has achieved leapfrog development in terms of technology, standards and ecology. However, at present, the proportion of fast charging in the mainland public charging pile is only 40%, and the fast charging power is generally low, resulting in slow charging speed, long queuing time, low turnover efficiency and other problems are still prominent, it is difficult to meet the charging needs of the majority of users, and it is difficult to adapt to the rapid development of the current new energy automobile industry. In order to alleviate these difficulties, further improve the ability to guarantee charging infrastructure, continue to enhance the international competitiveness of mainland new energy vehicles, and promote the development of high-power fast charging will become an important development direction at present and in the future.
Regarding the development of high-power fast charging, multiple departments have issued policy documents to focus on it. For example, the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen the research and development of new charging technologies such as high-power charging; the "Implementation Opinions on Further Improving the Service Guarantee Capacity of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure" emphasizes that it is necessary to accelerate the formulation and promotion of high-power charging standards and encourage the strengthening of high-power charging subsidies. At present, the development of high-power fast charging is mainly facing the problems of imperfect top-level planning, high pressure on enterprise R&D investment, long construction cycle, and high economic costs.
First, strengthen policy guidance, and comprehensively promote the planning and layout of high-power fast charging networks.
At present, high-power fast charging stations are mainly independent construction by enterprises, and the construction layout, scale, technical indicators, etc. lack overall planning, and the level of interconnection is low. In view of this, it is recommended to formulate a new generation of high-power fast charging network planning plan, clarify the key objectives such as construction scale, land use planning, charging capacity, etc., improve the capacity of power grid expansion in key areas, increase the number of high-power fast charging stations, and improve effective coverage. At the same time, we will promote the formulation, unification and application of technical standards and communication protocols, introduce a work plan for high-power fast-charging interconnection, formulate a three-year special action timetable, and give priority to promoting the interconnection of high-power fast-charging piles in scarce resource lots such as new investment and construction, core business districts and highways, so as to achieve the optimal allocation of social resources.
Second, establish a national innovation cooperation platform and strengthen joint research on core technologies.
In recent years, the mainland has made breakthroughs in the research and development of cutting-edge technologies for high-power fast charging, but there is still a lot of room for improvement in the overall research and development capabilities. Enterprises are facing problems such as high cost of research and development of high-voltage platforms and immature industrial chains, and insufficient investment in research and development of high-power charging technologies. In view of this, it is recommended to build a national innovation cooperation platform, formulate a catalog of advanced high-power charging technologies, accelerate the establishment of a collaborative research and development mechanism between enterprises and scientific research institutes, strengthen the joint research of a new generation of high-power fast charging technology and upstream key technologies such as storage and charging integration (especially light storage and charging integration), low self-loss, low noise, etc.; fully stimulate the demonstration and driving role of leading enterprises, support high-tech leading enterprises to increase R&D investment, and establish technological innovation incentive policies for high-power fast charging.
Third, strengthen the construction of service guarantees, and promote the popularization of high-power charging infrastructure.
In view of the problem of high construction cost and long cycle of high-power fast charging stations, it is recommended to strengthen investment, increase investment and subsidies in construction, transformation and operation of high-power fast charging stations that apply advanced technology, and boost the confidence and enthusiasm of industrial chain investment; accelerate the standardization and scale of the construction of key high-power fast charging equipment and field stations, reduce equipment and deployment costs; establish a rapid approval mechanism for the electricity quota of high-power fast charging stations, accelerate the approval process of field station construction, and improve the construction efficiency of high-power fast charging stations as a whole.
III. Suggestions on Promoting the In-depth Participation of Private Enterprises in Social Welfare Charity Undertakings
2021 is the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, which regards public welfare charity as an important symbol of the high-quality development of private enterprises, and encourages private enterprises to actively fulfill their social responsibilities and participate in social welfare and charity. According to the "2020 China Charity Donation Report" released by the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, the mainland received a total of 208.613 billion yuan in donations and 121.811 billion yuan in corporate donations, of which the contribution of private enterprises accounted for 51.79%, reaching 63.084 billion yuan, and the donations of private enterprises accounted for more than half of the total donations of enterprises, which is the absolute main force of charitable donations in the mainland.
Mainland philanthropy should move towards a higher stage of high-quality development, from focusing on quantity and scale to improving capacity and efficiency, and relevant departments need to take measures to encourage and guide private enterprises to further identify the combination of charitable needs and their own advantages, and actively play a greater role; promote supervision with services, help private enterprises innovate industry models, improve public welfare efficiency, and promote sustainable social development.
I. Appropriately relax the registration threshold and business scope of enterprise foundations, and help enterprises improve the professional level of engaging in public welfare undertakings.
In recent years, the participation, investment awareness and enthusiasm of private enterprises in public welfare and charity have been rising. Registering a corporate foundation is one of the effective ways for private enterprises to devote themselves to public welfare and charity and fulfill their corporate social responsibilities for a long time, stably and professionally. It is recommended to introduce more systematic and specific policy documents, and continue to encourage private enterprise entities to participate in public welfare charity undertakings in various forms such as social donations and the establishment of charitable organizations. Appropriately relax the registration conditions for enterprise foundations, provide technical guidance and compliance consultation, streamline and smooth the registration process and channels, and shorten the approval time for inquiry assessment, substantive review and formal review to about 3-4 months. Appropriately relax the restrictions on the business scope of enterprise foundations, in addition to helping the needy, encourage private enterprises to invest in education, scientific research and other fields of construction, and give centralized business guidance. From attaching importance to "entrance supervision" to emphasizing process and result management, deepening the "combination of decentralization and management".
2. Formulate a three- to five-year service reform plan, and strengthen professional guidance and services for enterprises to participate in public welfare undertakings.
It is recommended to continuously improve the level of "release and management services", in addition to daily supervision, enrich the service content and form of relevant functional departments. The first is to study and formulate a service reform plan to encourage private enterprises to participate in public welfare and charity in the next 3-5 years, and introduce service rules, formulate service lists, and strengthen the professionalism and enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in public welfare undertakings; the second is to promote the diversification of functional department services, recommend the establishment of relevant public service platforms, provide overall guidance and project information disclosure of the whole process, guide private enterprises to "how to do, where to do", achieve resource sharing, and improve the operational efficiency of social welfare charities The third is to improve the social value evaluation system of public welfare charity, give key commendations to private enterprises with outstanding contributions, establish typical cases, establish a positive evaluation mechanism, further enhance the sense of acquisition of private enterprises participating in public welfare charity, and create a positive and benevolent public opinion environment in the whole society.
Third, explore new ways of donation, and encourage enterprises to actively carry out public welfare innovation.
With the rapid development of the mainland's social economy, science and technology and culture, and the changes in people's lives and development needs, the needs of the whole society for public welfare and charity have also become more diverse. Actively exploring public welfare innovation and providing the most valuable and effective public welfare services for different groups of people and scenarios will be the key for private enterprises to promote the efficiency of social welfare charity. It is recommended to explore new donation methods at the policy level, especially to encourage private enterprises to actively provide donations of professional services such as science and technology and medical treatment. At the same time, at the legal level, we will improve the identification of intangible asset donations to non-monetary property, introduce departmental regulations and local regulations, especially refine and clarify the donation behavior and value determination of intangible assets such as scientific and technological service donations, code donations, intellectual property rights, equity donations, etc., and continue to optimize the donation procedures.
At the same time, in addition to donation behavior, it is recommended to encourage private enterprises to actively carry out public welfare innovation, give full play to professional capabilities and innovation momentum, take the initiative to provide "non-donation public welfare services", and fully reflect social value in the main business products or services; at the same time, provide more forward-looking policy guidance and form specific work processes, assist in docking the public service system, and guide private enterprises to continue to contribute more in many fields such as rural revitalization, emergency response, and barrier-free services, and create more far-reaching value.
Fourth, on further strengthening the recycling of electronic waste
The mainland is a big manufacturing and consumer country of electronic products, and it is also a big country of discarded electronic products. Electronic waste has the characteristics of a wide variety, huge quantity and rapid iteration, which has both great potential environmental risks and high potential resource value. Strengthening the construction of the electronic waste recycling system is of great significance to ensuring the security of national resources, promoting the realization of the double carbon target, and promoting the construction of ecological civilization. In recent years, the mainland has continuously issued a series of relevant policy and regulatory documents, such as the "Producer Responsibility Extension System Implementation Plan", "Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law", "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Circular Economy", etc., which have achieved good construction results. According to the "White Paper on the Recycling and Comprehensive Utilization of China's Waste Electrical and Electronic Products Industry 2020", the annual processing volume of electronic waste in the mainland has reached about 80 million units at this stage.
At the same time, there is still a lot of room for development in the recycling of electronic waste in the mainland. According to the Global E-Waste Monitoring Report 2020, jointly released by the United Nations University, the National Telecommunication Union and the International Solid Waste Association, up to 74.7 million tons of e-waste will be generated worldwide by 2030. The report notes that the mainland's regulated recycling rate is less than 20% at this stage, while Europe has reached 42.5%. Facing the future, we need to continuously optimize the development pattern of the industry, fully stimulate the vitality of the main body, continue to explore innovative methods, and strive to build a complete and efficient electronic waste recycling system to promote the better and faster development of the mainland circular economy.
First, formulate a medium- and long-term development plan for the recycling of electronic waste.
At present, the mainland's recycling system for electronic waste is not yet perfect, the relevant policies and regulations are relatively scattered, and there is a problem of uneven development between various industrial links. In view of this problem, it is recommended to formulate a medium- and long-term development plan for the recycling of electronic waste in the mainland, open up the three key industrial links of "second-hand commodity circulation", "remanufacturing and reprocessing", and "scrap dismantling and disposal", and improve the recycling architecture; further optimize the market connection and benefit distribution, smooth the compliant flow of electronic waste and waste, and create a more closely balanced, standardized and orderly industrial ecology; formulate carbon footprint measurement standards for the whole process of electronic waste recycling, integrated design and overall promotion. Provide basic support for the development of carbon reduction in the whole industry.
Second, vigorously cultivate market players and strengthen coordinated and standardized development.
The report shows that the "four machines and one brain" from individual recyclers in the mainland account for more than 70%. Due to the high proportion of individual merchants in the mainland, it may lead to a certain degree of confusion and disorder, and it is difficult to implement policies, which restricts the overall development of the industry. In view of this problem, it is recommended to introduce special support policies to support and cultivate the rapid large-scale development of leading enterprises in the industry; further promote government-enterprise cooperation, actively carry out model innovation, explore a variety of forms of cooperation to include individual businessmen such as small family workshops and travel merchants and peddlers into the normative system, and ensure the income level and development space of individual businessmen; promote successful experiences and innovative measures in the industry to further promote the financial development of large and small enterprises.
Third, ensure the security of personal data and information, and improve the recovery rate of electronic waste.
According to statistics, the number of mobile phones owned by mainland residents in 2020 has reached 1.26 billion units. At present, the public's awareness of personal privacy protection continues to increase, and the concern about the risk of information leakage is also deepening, and a large number of mobile phones and personal computers are idle, failing to enter the recycling system in time, which to a certain extent has led to a significant increase in the recovery rate of electronic waste. In view of this problem, it is recommended to formulate standards and certification systems for the data removal of electronic waste to promote the development of third-party removal and testing institutions. In all aspects of the recycling of electronic waste, strictly implement the operational norms for personal information protection, ensure data and information security, open up the "last mile" of personal information security, and effectively improve the recovery rate of electronic waste.
Fourth, strengthen publicity and guidance, and carry out pilot projects for carbon credits for personal electronic waste.
To do a good job in the recycling of electronic waste, it is necessary for the participation of the whole people and the joint construction of the whole people. However, the current public's understanding of its economic value and environmental protection value is not deep enough, and the overall social atmosphere has not yet been fully formed. In view of this problem, it is recommended to continue to strengthen publicity and guidance, fully display the harm of the wrong disposal of electronic waste and the value of recycling, promote the correct channels and methods of recycling, establish models of advanced figures and excellent enterprise benchmarks; and actively carry out the pilot project of personal electronic waste recycling carbon points, so as to facilitate the query of personal electronic waste logistics information, display personal carbon points and ranking information, etc., and promote them to the whole country in a timely manner to improve public participation.
Produced by ZAKER Technology
Editor/Fan Liu Intern Liang Yupeng