Chief reporter of Jimu News Rong Yu
On February 28, the 2021 National Top Ten Archaeological New Discoveries Selection Activity announced the project of Zhengjiahu Cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei Province, through the official platform. A total of 20 projects, including the Zhengjiahu Cemetery and the Sichuan Guanghan Sanxingdui Ruins Sacrifice Area, were shortlisted for the final evaluation of this event, and the final "Top Ten" list will be selected by experts in the near future.
2021 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of modern Chinese archaeology. According to the organizers of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China in 2021, there are many archaeological projects that have signed up to participate in the 2021 "Top Ten" selection, and finally 20 projects have been shortlisted for the final evaluation.
From the perspective of chronological distribution, the prehistoric archaeology in these 20 projects accounted for 7 items, the Xia Shang Zhou archaeology accounted for 6 items, the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, and Northern Dynasties archaeology accounted for 1 item, and the Tang, Song and Yuanming archaeology accounted for 6 items; and in terms of geographical distribution, the 20 archaeological discoveries shortlisted for the final evaluation came from 15 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), of which Shanxi, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu 5 provinces had 2 finalists, and Hubei and other regions had 1 nomination each. In the preliminary evaluation of the organizers, the "China's First Long Wenmu Yao" excavated from the Zhengjiahu Cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei Province, was highlighted, which shows that its academic value has been unanimously recognized by the archaeological community.
The first long Chinese writer
On February 28, the organizers of the event announced in detail the project of Zhengjiahu Cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei Province, focusing on the precious written materials unearthed by it, especially the "First Long Wen yao in China". According to reports, this wooden yao was unearthed in the late Warring States tomb M274, "the wooden yao on both sides of the seven lines, each line of about 50 words, the full text of about 700 words, the font is typical of Qin Li, containing the counselor's lobbying of the Qin king to sleep in the army to establish righteousness, "vertical and horizontal" color is strong, the style and style are similar to the "Warring States Policy" and "Warring States Zongheng Family Book". ”
It is worth mentioning that the excavation of "China's first long Wenmu Yao" was once rated by CCTV as one of the top ten domestic archaeological news in 2021, and was filmed into a TV short film for special introduction, which shows the immeasurable academic value contained in this discovery.
Some of the excavated artifacts
In addition to the "First Long Wen Yao in China", the Zhengjiahu Cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei Province, has also unearthed a number of rare funerary paintings and lacquered wood tools. Among them, the age of the burial utensil painting is the end of the Warring States - the Qin Dynasty and the Qin and Han Dynasties, the subject matter is the first sight, filling the historical gap in the material and type of Qin and Han painting, and is an important discovery in the history of Chinese art; and the excavated lacquer wood ware is extremely well preserved, complete categories, many of which are exquisite in shape, unique in pattern, rich in cultural connotation, providing important materials for the study of the production and circulation of Qin and Han lacquerware and arts and crafts in the Warring States.
According to Luo Yunbing, vice president of the Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and head of the archaeological project of the Zhengjiahu Cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei, Yunmeng is a strategic point for the Qin people to unify the south, and the Zhengjiahu cemetery and the ChuWangcheng city site and its surrounding cemeteries such as Sleeping Tiger Land, Longgang, Jiangguo, and Datutou are an organic whole, and these materials vividly show the historical process of the gradual integration of Qin culture and Chu culture, unification with Han culture and integration into Chinese civilization. It provides a typical case for studying the formation of a multi-ethnic unified state in China from the late Warring States period to the middle of the Han Dynasty, the process of Chinese civilization from pluralism to great unification, and the national identity reflected behind it.
According to reports, the 20 projects shortlisted for the final evaluation of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in the country in 2021 will be finally evaluated online in the near future, and experts and scholars from the Chinese archaeological community will review and score these projects from multiple dimensions, and finally select the "top ten". A Person from the Hubei archaeological community told Jimu News that the cultural relics unearthed from the Zhengjiahu Cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei Province, are of great value and are one of the major achievements of Chinese archaeology in 2021, "Judging from the excavation harvest of this archaeological project, it is very likely that it will eventually be selected as one of the top ten." ”
According to the organizers of the event, in the preliminary evaluation stage of this year's "Top Ten" selection, one project entered the final evaluation with a full vote and the first place in the number of votes. And for the real identity of this "Xueba" project, many archaeologists think that there is no suspense, and even netizens can easily guess the answer, "It must be the Sanxingdui site, even the CCTV Spring Festival Gala has arranged a separate program for it, does this still need to be guessed?" ”
Top 10 new archaeological discoveries in China in 2021
Shortlisted for final evaluation projects
(In chronological order)
1 Sichuan Daocheng Piluo Ruins
2 Ruins of Shicun Village, Xia County, Shanxi
3 Ruins of Zhangjiachuan, Gansu
4 Huangshan Ruins in Nanyang, Henan
5 Ruins of Jiming City in Lixian County, Hunan
6 Shi'ao Ruins in Yuyao, Zhejiang
7 Gangshang Ruins in Tengzhou, Shandong
8 Sichuan Guanghan Sanxingdui Ruins Sacrifice Area
9 Shaanxi Baoji Zhouyuan Ruins
10 High-grade mound tombs in Qujiangxi Zhou, Zhejiang
11 Shanxi Yuanqu North White Goose Cemetery
12 Jiangxi Zhangshu Guozishan Warring States Tomb
13 Hubei Yunmeng Zhengjiahu Cemetery
14 Jiangcun Tomb in Xi'an, Shaanxi
15 Tuguhun royal tomb group in Wuwei Tang Dynasty, Gansu Province
16 Dangxiong Cemetery in Lhasa, Tibet
17 Xinjiang Yulikyak Kuduk Beacon Site
18 Hebei Zhengding Kaiyuan Temple South Ruins
19 Heilongjiang Acheng Jinshangjing Ruins
20 Anhui Fengyang Ming Zhongdu Ruins