Ukraine, located in the east of Europe, borders Russia to the east, the Black Sea to the south, Belarus to the north, and Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Moldova to the west. Ukraine is geographically important and is the geopolitical intersection between the European Union and the CIS, particularly with Russia.
In the early Paleolithic period, there were traces of ancient human activity in the present territory of Ukraine. The word "Ukraine" was first used in the Annals of Rus (1187), meaning "frontier land". In 1240 the Mongol Expeditionary Force (Batu) occupied Kiev. Later, the Mongol Golden Horde, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Poland successively ruled Ukraine. In 1654, the Ukrainian Cossack chief Khmelnytsky signed the Pereyaslav Treaty with the Russian Tsar, and Ukraine and Russia were formally merged. Since then, Ukraine has had its own Government, but it has not played a substantive role. Joined the Soviet Union in 1922 (Western Ukraine joined in 1939). On July 16, 1990, the Supreme Soviet of Ukraine adopted the Declaration on the Sovereignty of the State of Ukraine. On August 24, 1991, Ukraine declared its independence.
Ukraine is the world's third largest food exporter, known as the "granary of Europe", and its agricultural output is 20% of GDP. Ukraine's industry and agriculture are relatively developed, and heavy industry occupies a major position in industry.
On November 25, 2018, the Armed Forces of Ukraine entered a state of full combat readiness on the orders of the Chief of the General Staff. [3] On February 23, 2022, the Security Council of Ukraine declared a national state of emergency, with the exception of Donetsk and Luhansk. On February 24, Ukrainian President Zelenskiy said that the whole territory of Ukraine will enter a wartime state, and the kiev subway in the capital will be opened free of charge, and the subway station will be used as an air raid shelter. On the 24th, Ukraine is entering a state of full defense, and anyone who is willing to join can obtain weapons and jointly resist with the Ukrainian armed forces.
Chinese name
Ukraine
Foreign name
Украина (Ukrainian)
Ukraine (English)
Continent
Europe
capital
Kiev
Major cities
Kharkiv, Vinnytsa, Odessa, Donetsk, Lviv, etc
national day
August 24, 1991[1]
national anthem
"Ukraine is still on earth"
country code
UKR
official language
Ukrainian
currency
Hryvnia
time zone
UTC+2
Political system
Semi-presidential republic
National leader
Vladimir Zelenskiy (President), Janis Shmigar (Prime Minister)
Population
41.58 million (January 2021, excluding Crimea)[1]
population density
75.5 people/km² (2020)
Major ethnic groups
Ukrainians, Russians
Major religions
Orthodox
Land area
603700 km2 (including Crimea)
Water rate
7%
GDP total
$155.499 billion (2020)
GDP per capita
$3378 (2019)
International dialling code
380
International domain abbreviations
.ua
Road access
Drive on the right
Major institutions
Kyiv National University, Kiev International Civil Aviation University, etc
State structure
Unitary system
central bank
National Bank of Ukraine
Important rivers
Dnieper, Transnistria
On August 24, 1991, the Ukrainian government issued a declaration of national independence, officially declaring independence from the Soviet Union and changing the name of the country to Ukraine. On December 8, the leaders of Ukraine, Russia, and Belarus signed the Belovezh Agreement in Minsk, declaring the soviet union no longer existing, forming the Commonwealth of Independent States, and finally completing Ukraine's independence. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukraine ended its 337-year history of alliance with Russia and became an independent country. Kravchuk was elected as the first president