Li Yu, the lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was talented and good at reading. He lived in a unique bookish environment, and since he was a child, he had studied the Six Classics and ancient books, and with his intelligence and sensitivity, he was able to give full play to his literary and artistic talents.
Art is Li Yu's lifelong spiritual sustenance and pursuit. He is also fluent in poetry, words, books, paintings, texts and rhythms, and can be said to be a literary artist with great talent and outstanding achievements.
Li Yu's thought, which at the same time accommodates the benevolence of Confucianism, the compassion of The Buddhists, and the free spirit of the artist, is reflected in the external nature of loyalty, affection, sincerity and no mannerism.
However, "the Heavenly Sons of the Southern Dynasty were not blessed, and they did not write lyrics and become emperors", and fate was not something that Li Yu could choose. In other words, "born in the emperor's house" and "mistakenly became the master" changed his life.
Li Yu stills
Li Yu's talent??
Li Yu is a very talented master of art, whether it is poetry, words, prose, calligraphy and painting, music, all have a deep attainment.
- Poetry.
Li Yu has the reputation of "the emperor of words", and his words have long been well-known and popular among the population, but his poems are rarely mentioned.
The poems that have been preserved to the present day can be examined in the eighteen poems recorded in the Quan Tang Poems, and thirty-two incomplete broken sentences, which are quite full of rhyme. There are works of the times, such as "returning to the world can be disgusted, and the occasional fate has not forgotten the sentimentality"; there are also works that touch the old scenery and hurt people because of nostalgia for the big week, such as "There is an old smoke moon in the air, and the moths in Furong City are crying".
Jinling City was destroyed, and Li Yu was captured and sent to Beijing, and on the way there were seven laws of "Crossing the River and Looking at the Stone City and Weeping". His feelings are sincere, and the great pain of the subjugation of the country is placed in the poem, which makes people read and grieve for it.
Stills after the big week
- Words.
Li Yu's lyrics, with distinct artistic characteristics, are highly respected in the history of Chinese literature and occupy an important position in the history of the development of words.
His lyrics vary because of their situation. Before the fall of the country, Li Yu not only stayed in the Huajian School of Words, but also went further, changing the style and theme of the previous Huajian School of Words, and opening up another mood outside the court.
Li Yu had Jiangnan in the early stage, indulged in erotic sounds, and his penmanship was naturally leisurely, and he could gather outside the flowers and sometimes relax. For example, the famous work "Yulou Spring" of this period is describing the grand situation of Jiangnan song and dance.
And Li Yu's works in the later period of the fall of the country are mostly sentimental and sad. This "pain of national subjugation" has created his higher artistic achievements.
In the later period of the Song Dynasty, although he was a marquis, he was actually a prisoner; his words were more extensive and his feelings were deep. "Yu Meiren" is a famous work at this time. He described the melancholy as "asking the king how much sorrow he can have, just like a river of spring water flowing eastward", which cannot be described as sad and troublesome, and cannot be written without personal experience, and the words are sincere and sincere, and there is an innocent and pure heart.
Its words inherit the traditions of the previous generations, and the lower Qisu and Xin word styles have become a "hub" in the words. Successive generations of literati have highly evaluated it and occupy an absolutely important position in the history of words.
- Text.
Li Yu was good at literature, and when he was not heir to the throne, he opened the Chongwen Hall; after taking the throne, he set up the Chengxin Hall and invited many literati and scholars to gather.
The Jiangnan Beilu says that he "has the wind of Han and Wei", but unfortunately most of them are lost. Famous people who have been handed down to later generations, such as the "Zhaohui Zhou HouYi", are sincere in their writing, and they read it with tears of sadness.
- Calligraphy.
Li Yu was good at calligraphy and painting, purchased and collected many authentic works of Zhong Xuan and Wang Xizhi, liked to imitate Liu Gongquan, and his calligraphy was particularly vigorous. Not only that, he was also good at commenting on calligraphy, leaving two articles in the "Book Review" and "Book Description", which showed that he had a unique view of calligraphy.
- Painting.
Li Yu painted, the magic is in the use of pen. Like calligraphy, his pen power is extraordinary, his painting style is unique, he is good at painting ink bamboo, trees and landscapes, especially good at painting bird feathers.
According to sporadic records of the Song Dynasty, he painted "Snow Magpie Bird", "Quail Falcon", "Miscellaneous Birds and Flowers", "Bamboo Branch Diagram", etc., but unfortunately they have been lost, and posterity cannot see his painting style.
- Rhythm.
During the five dynasties of the late Tang Dynasty, the music had the tendency to move alone, and the Later Shu Mengchang, the Southern Tang Li Yu, and wu Yue Qian all studied the music.
According to historical records, Li Yu was proficient in musical instruments and rhythms, and the songs he produced included "Nianjia Mountain Break" and "Ringing Golden Bell Break", which were popular at that time, but unfortunately the music score has now been lost.
After the big week, he is a brilliant musician. She and Li Yu have a deep affection, often husband singing with women, the two composed "Neon Dress Feather Song". However, because Li Yu was good at music, he indulged in song and dance every day, which indirectly accelerated the demise of the Southern Tang.
Li Yu's character?
Li Yu was extremely filial to his parents. His mother was ill, and he accompanied the attendants in the morning and evening, undressed, and personally fed the soup medicine; when his mother died, he was very sad, and it was not until three years after the completion of the mourning period for his mother that he was willing to continue to serve Xiao Zhouhou as the queen of the country. It is indeed valuable to follow the etiquette in this way.
Stills after a little week
He was benevolent by nature, loved the people like a son, and he thought that everyone was as innocent as he was. Not only that, but his feelings for his brother are also very deep. For example, after he ascended the throne, he divided his brothers into princes, and his brother Congshan wanted to usurp the throne, but he did not blame Congshan; later Congshan was detained by Song, and he wrote the "Dan Deng Gao Wen" that has been passed down through the ages, which shows his fraternal love for his brothers.
Regrettably, Li Yu was indecisive in his affairs, and for the Song Dynasty, he only used the gold to pay tribute, hoping for gou peace, and could not vigorously fight the horses, and strive to cheer up, so that the country was gradually in danger, and finally the country was destroyed.
What is even more fatal is that Li Yu is very much in favor of Buddhism. His grandfather Li Fu and father Li Jing both believed in floating tu, and when he came to power, on the one hand, due to the family environment, on the other hand, because of the danger of state affairs, he suffered too much and could not be discharged in reality, so he turned to religion to seek dependence.
At this time, Li Yu entrusted his body and mind to the Buddhist gate, "ordered the worship of Buddhist temples in the territory", and "gathered many disciples", and even put on a robe with the empress every day to worship the Buddha and chant the sutra, begging the gods for protection; if he encountered a monk who committed a crime, he was not punished according to law, but let him recite the Buddha, and then pardon him.
Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin stills
Lu You's Book of Southern Tang records that when Jinling City was besieged, Li Yu summoned the master of the temple to ask for misfortune, and the master said to him: "When the Power of the Buddha is used to resist!" So Li Yu ordered the monks and soldiers to recite the Buddhist scriptures together, "boiling all over the city."
However, it wasn't long before Zhao Kuangyin's army began to fire arrows into the city, and there were many casualties in Jinling City. Li Yu saw the situation and sent someone to the master to inquire, but the master "said that he could not afford it." At this point, Li Yu realized that he had been deceived and "killed him."
From this, we can see that Li Yu's deep belief in Buddhism eventually misunderstood state affairs.