The founding of New China in 1949 marked the official opening of the prologue to a new era on the mainland. On October 19 of the same year, after Premier Zhou's deliberations and voting at the meeting, a total of four people passed the appointment to serve as the first vice premier of New China.
They are Dong Biwu, Chen Yun, Guo Moruo and Huang Yanpei. The first two were veteran revolutionaries with outstanding achievements, while the latter two, one was a well-known literary hero and democracy fighter at that time, and the other was a famous patriot and democratic educator.
First, the elder figure Dong Biwu
Dong Biwu, born in 1886 in Hong'an County, Hubei Province, is one of the 13 deputies, and his strong qualifications are well-deserved elders. Born in the late Qing Dynasty, he was 17 years old and took the exam to show talent, which was no less difficult than now when he was admitted to the 985 University. With his ability and talent, he could have eaten and served without worry, but after witnessing the miserable life of the poor people in the depths of the water, he resolutely threw himself into battle.
As one of the founders of our party, Dong Biwu has been fighting in the front line of battle for a long time with his outstanding theoretical and practical ability and rich experience, and during the battle, he was mainly responsible for the work and intelligence transmission of the hidden front, and trained several talents for our army. He made indelible contributions to the founding of New China and was an important founder.
Dong Biwu ranks first among the four vice premiers, who were in his sixties when he became vice premier. He has been deeply engaged in the field of political science and law for many years, and has made great achievements in the field of political science and law, and has served as the president of the Supreme Court. At that time, New China was in ruins and waiting to be rebuilt, and many problems needed to be solved urgently, and Dong Biwu made great contributions to the legislation of New China and was the pioneer and founder of New China's legislation.
Second, the economic master Chen Yun
Born in 1905, Although Chen Yun only attended primary school, he was rarely accomplished in economics. He played an important role in economic guidance work many times, was the pioneer and founder of the mainland's modern economic construction, and participated in many wars of great strategic significance during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
After the founding of New China, Chen Yun, in addition to serving as vice premier, also concurrently served as the director of the Financial and Economic Committee, presided over the country's economic work, he worked at the core level for 57 years, and made remarkable achievements in the country's economic and financial work.
Chen Yun was sent to the northeast after the comprehensive victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and he played a huge role in the Northeast Theater, enabling the northeast economy to recover and prosper. After becoming vice premier, he proceeded from the actual situation of the whole country and formulated strategies step by step to solve the inflation problem left over from the old era, which was very effective, and the economic problems at that time were difficult, but Chen Yun showed his strong ability.
Third, the patriot Guo Moruo
Guo Moruo is one of the founders of modern new poetry, in addition to being a famous writer and writer, he has created many popular literary works, but also a paleographer, archaeologist and so on. He is a well-known patriot and democracy fighter, who has participated in the investigation of the cruelty of the enemy on many occasions, and has campaigned to save the country and the people.
In the early days, Guo Moruo created a number of works exposing the ugly deeds of the enemy and praising the heroic deeds of our army, but he was arrested by the enemy, and in order to escape the enemy's pursuit and killing, he went overseas, during which he created many excellent works, and published a treatise "Research on Ancient Chinese Society", which proved that there is also a transition of social transformation in China.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he learned of the news and rushed back to the motherland from overseas thousands of miles away, actively carried out anti-war activities, and made outstanding contributions to the construction of new China. Guo Moruo, after being elected vice premier, concurrently served as the director of the Cultural and Education Committee, focusing on the education and cultural work of the whole country, although a large number of patriotic literati have emerged in modern times, there are few more representative people in the cultural field than Guo Moruo.
Fourth, democracy educator Huang Yanpei
Speaking of Huang Yanpei, we have to mention the famous "cave pair" throughout the ages. In July 1945, when Huang Yanpei inspected Yan'an, he mentioned the sentence "Its rise and fall is also abrupt", saying that all dynasties and dynasties have failed to jump out of this cyclical historical cycle, but the great man replied: "We have found a new way out, we can jump out of this historical cycle." The two of them had a loud conversation, which is the famous "cave pair".
Huang Yanpei was born in 1878 under the tutelage of Cai Yuanpei, a well-known democratic educator, industrialist and staunch patriot in modern times. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Huang Yanpei actively campaigned for state affairs, going back and forth between Shanghai and Nanjing several times, and although the boats and cars were tired on the way, Huang Yanpei insisted on reading and understanding the works of our party leader, and at this time he already had a yearning for our party.
Huang Yanpei devoted himself to the cause of education, did not seek fame and fortune, twice refused to serve as the director of education, and after founding the vocational education society, he was funded by all parties, and he never had any greed, or even did not receive wages, only took part of the living expenses, and devoted himself to the cause of running schools and education.
Huang Yanpei has founded countless primary and secondary schools of all sizes in Jiangsu, and he himself has cultivated a number of outstanding talents, among which Hua Luogeng, a giant in the field of mathematics, and Wang Ganchang, the founder of the two bombs and one star, have all been taught by Huang Yanpei. After the founding of New China, Premier Zhou visited Huang Yanpei several times at night and invited him to serve as vice premier, but he was either turned away or refused by Huang Wanyan.
Finally, after some discussion and consultation between the two of them, Huang Yanpei was shaken and finally agreed to serve as vice premier and minister of light industry and member of the Financial and Economic Committee. Huang Yanpei has many years of experience in running schools and industries, and his appointment as minister of light industry is well-deserved, and he also fills the last vacancy for the four vice premiers who assist the prime minister.
5. Summary
After getting to know these vice premiers, it is not difficult to find that they are actually responsible for the four major sectors of politics and law, finance, education, and industry, and they are all leaders and representatives in various fields. In this way, it seems reasonable for these four people to serve as the four vice premiers of New China, and it is needless to say that their contributions to the construction of New China are all hard-working and meritorious people.
It is worth mentioning that when he became vice premier, Chen Yun was the youngest, only 44 years old. And Dong Biwu and Huang Yanpei, one is 63 years old, the other is 71 years old, more than the age of Hua Jia Gu rare but still tirelessly dedicate their strength to new China, and when it comes to the reason, there may be only one point: that is, New China needs them.