In August 1945, when Mao Zedong went to Chongqing for negotiations, he was accompanied by two special attachés, one was the secretary Hu Qiaomu, and the other was Accompanied by Chen Long, who was responsible for Mao Zedong's guard work in the name of "Mao Zedong's secretary", known as "escorting Zhao Zilong".
Because of his long-term work on the hidden front, Chen Long's name is little known, but he has repeatedly made miraculous achievements, and his outstanding achievements will forever be in the annals of reconnaissance and defense work. Veteran comrades who are familiar with him have also said: "Chen Long's history is simply a history of reconnaissance work in New China. ”
On the road to Chongqing this time, how did Chen Long protect Chairman Mao? How was he chosen by Chairman Mao?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > special revolutionary career</h1>
Chen Long's original name was Liu Hanxing, and he was born in December 1910 to an agricultural and commercial family in Fushun, Liaoning Province. After attending a private school at an early age, because he was unwilling to apprentice in business according to his family's wishes, he went to join the Northeast Army.
Chen Long wrote well and was alert, so he was sent to the Jilin Army Officers' Coaching Office by the company commander for training, and after graduation, he served as a platoon commander and a company commander. After the "918" incident, Chen Long led the soldiers of the whole company to join the National Salvation Army, participated in many bloody battles, and won many victories in many battles.
During guerrilla warfare, he developed a good marksmanship, especially the use of two guns. Under such circumstances, in the autumn of 1933, under the introduction of Zhou Baozhong, Chen Long resolutely chose to join the Communist Party. In 1935, Chen Long became chief of staff of the Second Army of the Northeast United Army. At the end of the following year, he was selected to study at the Oriental University in Moscow.
During this period, while chen long studied Marxist theory, he also learned a lot of defense experience. Because those engaged in secret work were required to change their names according to the regulations, Chen Tanqiu, the then representative of the CPC to the Comintern, changed his name "Liu Hanxing" to Chen Long.
At the end of 1938, after Chen Long returned to China, he thought that he could go to the front line again to fight, but he failed to do so, and was arranged to serve as a military instructor at the Central Party School.
The following year, Chen Long was transferred to the Security Department of the newly established Central Social Department, and from then on he began a career in security work, embarking on a completely new hidden front for him. In the nearly 20 years since then, Chen Long has always insisted on fighting on this front and created one special merit after another.
When I first arrived at the Central Social Affairs Department, there were only a few dozen people, a few radio stations, and a dozen desks made of wooden boards. In the face of the enemy's advanced intelligence system, Chen Long, together with his comrades, fought with them under difficult conditions, and finally smashed all kinds of conspiracies of the enemy and eliminated their internal line.
During this period, a Kuomintang agent was sent to Yan'an, and was once again eliminated by Chen Longzhi. After the "Anhui Southern Incident" in 1941, many Kuomintang agents began to stir up trouble and were successively sent to Yan'an.
One morning, Qu Rixin, who used his identity as a hostel manager to conceal his identity as deputy chief of the public security section of the Central Social Security Department, reported the situation to Chen Long, saying that he had recently contacted a young man named Du Linxi, who was studying at the Northern Shaanxi Public School in Yan'an. In the process of talking with him, Qu Rixin felt that he was extremely dissatisfied with all aspects of Yan'an's study and living environment. With years of experience in reconnaissance work, Qu Rixin suspected that he was a man with a way out.
After Chen Long learned of this situation, he attached great importance to it and reported to Wang Jinxiang, director of the Central Social Affairs Department, and Li Kenong, vice minister of the Central Social Affairs Department, and also put forward his own work plan.
He believed that in order to investigate the true identity of this person, Qu Rixin needed to continue to maintain contact with Du Linxi, and at the same time to monitor his words and deeds through the security personnel of Northern Shaanxi Public School; when Du Linxi left the school and went out to do activities, he also had to send scouts to continue to follow him.
The investigation outside the school did not make much progress because of its difficulty, so he instructed Qu Rixin to continue to increase contacts with him. After several contacts, Du Linxi felt that Qu Rixin was indeed more reliable and suitable for drawing him over, so he confided his true feelings to him.
At this time, they finally learned that Du Linxi was the agent of Hu Zongnan's next secret service training class, and he had now gained a foothold in Yan'an, and the next step was to strive to be assigned to the core secret department of the Communist Party after graduating from the Northern Shaanxi Public School. After learning his true identity and purpose, the Central Social Affairs Department immediately arrested him and arrested him.
This was also the first batch of spies to enter Yan'an discovered by the Public Security Department of the Central Social Security Department, and it was precisely because of Chen Long's keen insight and amazing mental reaction ability that in the days that followed, many enemy agents were successively arrested. This slowly made the Kuomintang dare not send spies to Yan'an anymore, and Chen Long gradually stood out among the many "guards".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="74" > was personally ordered by Chairman Mao</h1>
After the Central Committee decided that Mao Zedong would go to Chongqing for negotiations, Mao Zedong was fully prepared, and he was not afraid of this trip at all. However, for the people around him, Mao Zedong's personal safety was a top priority, and it also caused everyone a headache, who should be chosen to protect the chairman?
In order to choose a suitable guard, Kang Sheng, minister of the Central Social Security Department, and Li Kenong, vice minister of the CENTRAL Social Security Department, came together one day to discuss in Mao Zedong's cave. After hearing Kang Sheng's proposal for several candidates, Mao Zedong took the initiative to ask: "Do you have a Chen Long?" "Yes, it's just that this comrade has a bad temper." Kang Sheng replied.
"I heard he led his troops to fight?" Mao ignored his words and continued to ask. "I was the chief of staff in the northeast, and we sometimes call him general." Li Kenong replied. "We need to go to a martial arts together." In this way, Chen Long was personally ordered by the great man and chose to go to Chongqing together.
Before leaving, Zhu De and Liu Shaoqi told Chen Long in a serious tone: "The safety of the chairman has been entrusted to you, you must do a good job, and you must use your body to protect the chairman in case of danger." Zhou Enlai also felt that the task was important, shook Chen Long's hand and said: "We all come to be the chairman's guards, we must be foolproof." ”
Chen Long firmly said to everyone: "When Chairman Mao returns, I will come back, and if the Chairman cannot come back, I will not come back." I will protect the President to the end. Finally, Li Kenong also untied the revolver he had worn for many years and gave it to him.
As a result, Chen Long once again assumed the pseudonym Chen Zhendong and was responsible for Mao Zedong's security as Mao Zedong's secretary.
From left: Chen Long, Shu Guangcai Right: Zhu Youxue, Long Feihu
After arriving in Chongqing, the car took them to Zhang Zhizhong's mansion, by which time Zhang Zhizhong's family had moved away, leaving only a housekeeper to take care of and free up for Mao Zedong to work and meet during his time in Chongqing. However, the guards who were on duty here were replaced by Chongqing gendarmes. So after seeing them, Chen Long instructed the other guards around him: "These people are definitely some 'special agent gendarmes', we must be vigilant and do more of their work." ”
That night, Mao Zedong and his party came to Chiang Kai-shek's official residence for a banquet and stayed directly in the palace. After returning to the room, Mao Zedong asked everyone humorously: "Sleeping next to the tiger, are you afraid or not?" Although Chen Long and others all replied "not afraid", in fact, everyone's hearts are still a bit up and down.
Mao Zedong comforted everyone in a relaxed tone: "I was a little afraid, but since people are so warmly welcoming, I feel a sense of security." ”
Shu Guangcai was arranged to make a bunk in Mao Zedong's room, while Chen Long and Long Feihu lay on the sofa outside half awake and half asleep. In the middle of the night, when the two heard several patrolling gendarmes walk to the front of the building, they all put their hands in their clothes, clutched the handle of their pistols, and waited until the footsteps gradually went farther away before they breathed a long sigh.
On the afternoon of August 29, the negotiations ended late, and Mao Zedong continued to live in Chiang Kai-shek's palace. After dinner, Mao Zedong was reading a newspaper under the lamp, and suddenly, all the lights went out, and the whole building was pitch black. Chen Long immediately stood next to Mao Zedong, and Long Feihu and Shu Guangcai, who were on guard outside, also rushed over and stood around.
As soon as the candle was lit, I vaguely saw several big men walking towards this side. Chen Long ordered in a low voice, "Attention! Everyone grasped the handle of the gun at the same time. Immediately, a guard officer walked in, saluted and said, "Chairman Jiang has come to see Mr. Mao." Mao Zedong also smiled slightly and said: "Welcome." Several guards surrounded Chiang Kai-shek and walked in, and at the same time, the electric lights in the room suddenly turned on again.
Just a few days after arriving in Chongqing, Chen Long, because he had been monitoring various movements around him, did not sleep day and night, and instantly lost a lot of weight. Mao Zedong was very distressed and ordered him to sleep for a day and a night, and wang Ruofei was also required to supervise.
In his days in Chongqing, Chen Long always maintained a vigilant mentality, was very careful, and cared about all details. Once, the Sino-Soviet Cultural Association held a cocktail party and invited Mao Zedong to attend, and Chen Long accompanied him. This was Mao Zedong's first public appearance after he came to Chongqing, so as soon as he got out of the car, everyone came to watch. After more than an hour of the reception, Mao Zedong was invited upstairs to visit the photo exhibition.
Because there were many people attending the cocktail party, after learning that Mao Zedong had gone upstairs, everyone rushed up to see him.
But when the crowd climbed the small bamboo wooden building, Chen Long found that the stairs were a little trembling, and there was a lot of mud falling on the walls, and he felt that the situation was very unsafe, so he immediately made an urgent agreement with Zhou Enlai to take Mao Zedong away. It took a lot of effort for them to send people to the car and leave. At this time, Chen Longcai was relieved and finally escaped from this building.
On the evening of October 8, Li Shaoshi, the secretary of the Eighth Route Army's office in Chongqing, who looked very similar to Zhou Enlai, was shot and killed on the road.
That night, Zhang Zhizhong held a party to send Mao Zedong back to Yan'an, and after the party, Zhang Zhizhong worried about the unsafe road and persuaded Mao Zedong to stay in the city. Mao Zedong, on the other hand, appeared exceptionally calm and calm, and after thanking Zhang Zhizhong for his kindness, he still insisted on returning to Hongyan Village.
Subsequently, Zhou Enlai said to Zhang Zhen, commander of the Kuomintang Chongqing gendarmerie, "Use your car today to send Mao Zedong back to Hongyan Village." You must absolutely guarantee his safety, and if something goes wrong, the first thing you have to ask is to ask. ”
Walking out of the gate of the Great Hall of the Central Military Commission, Chen Long's pistol has been closely following Zhang Zhen, and if an accident occurs, he will first capture the gendarmerie commander. At the same time, he also had Long Feihu and other guards closely surround Mao Zedong. In the end, Mao Returned to his residence unharmed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="75" > reject the great man twice</h1>
On the morning of October 11, Mao Zedong left Chongqing by plane. At the airport, Zhou Enlai, who still wanted to stay in Chongqing to continue negotiations, held Mao Zedong's hand tightly and said "take care," and then he shook Chen Long's hand and said kindly: "You have worked hard these days." ”
Chen Long lived up to the expectations of the people, and under the command and leadership of Zhou Enlai, he, together with Long Feihu, Shu Guangcai, and others, successfully completed the task of defending Chairman Mao's safety and going to Chongqing for negotiations.
Through more than 40 days of living together in Chongqing, Mao Zedong also fell in love with this wise and courageous defender from the bottom of his heart. In order to commemorate that unforgettable time, he also changed his habit of not giving gifts to others in the past, and gave Chen Long a watch as an exception.
Later, Mao Zedong also praised other cadres and leaders many times for his ability to complete tasks, gave him a lot of high praise, and also wanted to keep him by his side to manage the guards.
So one night, Wang Zhujiang, the organization officer of the Ministry of Social Affairs, found Chen Long to talk about the issue of job transfer: "A few days ago, when the leader of the Ministry of Social Affairs reported to the chairman on his work, the chairman asked you, which meant that he wanted to transfer you to work next to him. Comrade Chen Gang asked me to come and ask you for advice. ”
Chen Long went to the chairman's residence for this matter, intending to personally express his inner thoughts: "Report Chairman, I would like to make some personal requests. Mao Zedong looked at Chen Long and asked him somewhat unexpectedly, "What personal request?" "At present, the northeast is in urgent need of cadres, I am a northeasterner, I have fought guerrillas there, and I am familiar with the situation there, I think..."
After Mao Zedong knew his thoughts, he thought for a moment and said, "Well, I agree, and I hope you will make good achievements in the northeast." "Yes!" Chen Long immediately stood up, "I will never fail to live up to the expectations of the chairman!" Chairman Mao smiled, got up and sent Chen Long to the door of the cave, and shook hands with him cordially. This was the first time chen long had refused Mao Zedong's request to point the general.
In April 1946, Chen Long arrived in Harbin and became the minister of social affairs. After the liberation of Shenyang in 1948, the Northeast Bureau was immediately moved to Shenyang, and Chen Long, deputy director of the Social Department of the Northeast Bureau and deputy director of the Northeast Public Security Department. In September 1949, newspapers continued to report on the preparations for the founding ceremony. After the opening of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Wang Jinxiang, director of the Social Department of the Northeast Bureau, will also follow the northeast regional viewing group to the capital to participate in the founding ceremony.
A few days later, Chen Long received a letter from the leader of the Central Ministry of Social Affairs: "The founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China is imminent, and the country's internal affairs and foreign affairs activities will become more frequent." In order to safeguard the absolute safety of the central leadership, it was decided to strengthen the security work, and the chairman once mentioned you again when he talked about this matter..." After reading the letter, Chen Long was excited in his heart, and he did not expect that Chairman Mao had been thinking of himself.
But after thinking calmly for a few days, he felt that his personality was more irritable and active, and if he wanted to transfer away from the front line and sit in the office year after year, he would feel very bored, so he felt that he was not suitable for the job.
After thinking about it for a long time, Chen Long wrote a letter to Chairman Mao, in which he first greeted the chairman and began to frankly talk about his views on the security work of the central leaders. He said: "Since leaving Yan'an and coming to the northeast, I have gained some experience in urban defense work, mastered some enemy situations, and am willing to continue to work in the northeast and contribute to the protection of the security of party and state leaders." I hope the President will understand..."
After the letter was written, he found Wang Jinxiang, who was about to leave for Beijing, and asked him to hand the letter to Li Kenong, minister of the Central Social Department, who would then forward it to Chairman Mao. A few days after the founding ceremony, Jiang Jinxiang returned to Shenyang and conveyed Luo Ruiqing's instructions: To transfer Chen Long to Nanjing as the director of the Public Security Bureau.
On the way from Shenyang to Nanjing, Chen Long went to see Minister Li Kenong, who had been separated for several years. After Li Kenong saw Chen Long, he informed him: "When the chairman saw the letter, he was a little unhappy in his heart and said: 'People don't want to come, just forget it.'" And hoped that Chen Long would either change his mind or go to the chairman and explain it to him.
When Chen Long heard the chairman's words, his heart was very heavy, and he did not sleep well that night, so he decided to call Wang Dongxing and ask him to convey to the chairman his idea that he wanted to see the chairman. Wang Dongxing had worked with Mao Zedong for many years and was well aware of Chen Long's position in his heart, so he immediately reported the matter to the chairman and arranged for the two to meet in Zhongnanhai that afternoon.
Chen Long finally met Chairman Mao, and after some frank and frank conversation between the two, the chairman also understood his true wish. This was the second time he had declined the Chairman.
In 1950, Chen Long served as the director of the Political Protection Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, and two years later, he was appointed vice minister of public security, in charge of political protection.
One day, Luo Ruiqing received a phone call from Premier Zhou Enlai, saying: "The central government's foreign affairs work is getting busier and busier, and the security work alone cannot be busy with Wang Dongxing alone. The chairman said that Comrade Chen Long should still be transferred to preside over this work. Do you think it's appropriate? ”
After Hearing this, Luo Ruiqing replied with some hesitation: "He is very suitable for this work, but unfortunately he has recently been very ill, several hospitalizations, and has been intermittently resting for more than half a year." After Zhou Enlai heard this, he paused for a moment and continued to ask, "What disease?" "Heart disease, it seems to be more serious." "Hurry up the treatment, who have you seen?" The Prime Minister continued to ask with concern.
"Cardiologists in Beijing have seen it." "How about going to the SOVIET Union for treatment?" It is said that the level of treatment there is still very high, and it is good to work after being cured. "Well, I informed him to go to the Soviet Union for treatment immediately." Luo Ruiqing replied.
After putting down the phone, Luo Ruiqing went straight to Chen Long's house and relayed the prime minister's instructions to him. So from 1955, Chen Long gave up all his work, began to recuperate according to the advice of the organization and doctors, and spent the most painful time of his life. In the end, there was no opportunity to accede to the Chairman's request to do the security work.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="76" > a smart catch agent</h1>
In 1949, after Chen Long was transferred to Nanjing as the director of the Public Security Bureau, under his command and using his reconnaissance work experience in Harbin, in less than a year, he cracked two cases of lurking enemy agents and seized more than 20 radio stations.
Later, when he went to Beijing as the director of the Political Protection Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security and vice minister of public security, he also struggled with domestic and foreign agents. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chen Long's greatest achievement in this regard was to capture Duan Yunpeng.
Duan Yunpeng was a famous thief in Pingjin in the 30s, who never lost his hand with his strong martial arts, and was even called "Sai Tanuki Cat". In 1946, Duan Yunpeng was accepted as a secret agent of the military command, tracking the activities of the CCP delegation of the Military Investigation Department, and tried to secretly hurt Ye Jianying, but failed.
In 1947, he participated in the investigation of the CCP's secret radio station in Peiping and the arrest of CCP secret workers. Before and after the liberation of Peiping, he continued to engage in sabotage activities, which were extremely harmful. In November 1950, under the introduction of Mao Renfeng, Duan Yunpeng accepted Chiang Kai-shek's summons and was directly promoted from the rank of captain to the head of the colonel's military command, responsible for operational intelligence work in the Beijing-Tianjin area.
Chen Long has always liked to play tricks with masters, and for Duan Yunpeng, he has been secretly staring at him for a long time, and has investigated a series of people and activities related to him in the Beijing-Tianjin area, and has reserved the people he can use for himself and prepare traps.
After more than 3 months of intense work, more than 60 secret agents in Duan Yunpeng's contacts and development in the Beijing-Tianjin area have all been arrested, and after interrogation, Chen Long has some important intelligence, and let people who are close to Duan Yunpeng continue to maintain communication with him and be ready to catch this "big fish" at any time.
But more than a year later, Duan Yunpeng still refused to show his face. By the beginning of 1954, there was no exact word of his actions. However, Chen Long always believed: "As long as you put a long line, install the bait, and have 'living water', he will definitely swim over." ”
Later, I learned that a trader in Tianjin who was in the business of medicinal materials had helped Duan Yunpeng economically and helped him get through the difficulties. After the businessman was captured in 1950, he was released back to Hong Kong. To this end, the Tianjin public security organs have also opened a medicinal material shop in Guangzhou, and have been in contact with this person. Through his relationship, he finally re-established communication with Duan Yunpeng.
In early September 1954, Duan Yunpeng revealed in a letter that he wanted to return to the mainland to do several medicinal material businesses. Jiang Feng, deputy director of the Tianjin Municipal Public Security Bureau, immediately led people to Guangzhou and took command. On the night of September 14, Duan Yunpeng was arrested at a medicinal material shop opened by the Tianjin Public Security Bureau.
Unfortunately, Chen Long, a "heroic figure" who has always been loyal to the country, died of a heart attack in October 1958 due to years of work day and night.
It is precisely because of the protection and guarding of these guards who paid silently during the revolutionary period that the great leaders such as Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai were able to safely survive a series of dangerous situations and create a new China. Their exploits in the history of the revolution will forever be recorded in the annals of history.