In the Ming Dynasty Lu Shaoheng's "Drunken Ancient Hall Sword Sweep", it is said that "planting flowers and planting grasses is all based on poetry" it is said that the plants configured in the garden should conform to poetry and have a cultural atmosphere. Only by carefully analyzing the cultural and artistic bearing of the site, and reasonably matching the habits, forms and cultural connotations of the plants, can the personality of the plants be formed and the temperament of the site be formed, and only then can the final artistic conception of the plants be created. So, how should the artistic conception of plant configuration be created?
1. Artistic layout, reasonable combination of overall momentum and exquisite details
Mr. Chen Congzhou once said, "I don't know the theory of Chinese painting, I can't say anything about Chinese gardens." The garden pays attention to the expression of layers, nature and artistic conception, which coincides with Chinese painting. The gardening art law of the garden is to create an infinite artistic conception in a limited space and a limited scene, and the excellent garden layout creates a "painting realm" to achieve the realm of Daofa nature.
Analyze the environment, screen, borrow
Before the layout, a detailed analysis of the surrounding environment should be carried out, and the customs are screened, and the best is received, because borrowing is the essence of classical garden landscaping, and it is also an important technique that can be missing in the modern garden department. Focusing only on the small range of vegetation space in the site is like a leaf barrier, lacking the pattern of atmosphere.
Analyze the layout and reflect the texture of the site
In the creation of plant space, it should be consistent with the overall landscape layout and consistent with the landscape texture in the site. Plant landscaping is also the same as the composition of painting, the space should be dense and elegant, the layout should be flexible, and try to avoid "flat, flush, and even". The Song Dynasty writer Li Cheng said in the "Tips of Landscape and Water": "Whoever paints landscapes, first establish the position of the guest and the lord, then determine the shape of the far and near, and then wear chiseled scenery and manipulate the height." This sentence shows that deciding on the main scenes and foil scenes of the objects to be depicted is the first step in the composition of landscape painting. The garden layout also attaches importance to the artistic principles of virtual reality, opening and closing and choosing, and also shows from the side that the painting composition should pay attention to the dense space, flexible layout, and try to avoid the phenomenon of "flat, uniform and equal". Only when the primary and secondary of the landscape of garden plants are clear, can the opening and closing of the space be created, such as Chinese painting, which pays attention to "wide and can go, and the needle is not allowed". Pay attention to the combination of thickness and thinness, large space to create momentum, detailed plant configuration reflects the exquisite landscape. Pay attention to the change of rhythm and rhythm, creating a different scenery that is either winding or willow dark flowers.
Combine the terrain, paving, roads, and sketches to create a painting environment
Plant landscaping pays attention to nature, which is not only the combination of plants themselves (such as trees), but also pays attention to the organic integration with landscapes and architecture, so that it can achieve the effect of "although it is made by people, it seems to open from heaven". In view of the characteristics and forms of architecture and sketches, according to the laws of landscaping, the conception, intention and layout are carried out, and the elements of plants and sets are composed of a picture of vitality, three-dimensional dynamic and three-dimensional effect. Coordinate and contrast the space, size, color, and line between plants and structures. Bamboo and windows, plantains and wall corners, willow shade and embankments, green trees and buildings are all displayed. Pay attention to the relationship between the level of the plant and the façade, pay attention to the collocation and rhythm change of the tree shape, pay attention to the relationship between the height of the tree and the terrain, and create a comfortable skyline change. It is not advisable to plant short numbers in high places and tall trees at low places, which deviate from the trend of the terrain; it is taboo to divide by roads, paving, etc., and plant different varieties of plants on both sides, forming a configuration form of "yin and yang head", lacking the echo and continuity of the plant landscape. While paying attention to the landscape effect in the garden road, it is also necessary to consider the shading effect on both sides of the road, and combine applicability with aesthetics.
2. Closely follow the theme and create a garden mood
Plant landscaping revolves around the design theme, reasonably selects plant varieties and configuration forms, and sets off the landscape theme.
Analyze the historical bearing and heritage of the site, and configure the plants according to the theme of gardening
The choice of the variety of landscaping plants, the temperament contained in it should be consistent with the temperament of the site. The ancients often used flowers and trees to speak, to personify flowers and trees, and to pay attention to the "bede" taste of trees and flowers, expressing the character of Chinese literati who were indifferent, high-minded, self-sustaining and upright. Bamboo embodies integrity, peony represents wealth, magnolia has the meaning of high purity, etc., the golden chestnut pavilion "jade step laurel tree idle", full of juelong osmanthus flowers, etc., are plants combined with scenic spots to create a poetic landscape. For example, the landscape improvement of the East Lake Pear Garden, combined with the historical evolution of the pear garden itself, creates the Artistic Conception of the Song Dynasty poet Yan Shu's "The Pear Blossom Courtyard Dissolves the Moon, and the Willow Pond Is Lightly Windy", relying on the building to take the pear tree and the weeping willow as the main scenery tree, setting off the theme. Courtyard plants such as bamboo, southern tianzhu, plantain, begonia, and magnolia are selected to form a deep courtyard landscape in the courtyard. For example, the Design of Wuhan Garden in The Jinan International Garden Expo takes Qu Yuan as the theme, the garden landscape creates the Chu-style garden characteristics of Tai Xie Pi Pond, the selection and application of plants form garden plant style materials with detached plants, and the herbs and incense wood of purple magnolia, peony, calamus, lotus and other herbs and incense trees reflect the loyalty and virtuousness of the poet, and the plant configuration echoes the theme expression of the exhibition garden very well.
Reasonable selection of varieties and artistic embodiment according to the habits of plants
In the design, the habits of plants should be fully understood, and the requirements for light, soil, water, etc., should be reasonably configured for planting locations and landscape levels. The weeping willows on the waterfront create a scene of spring dawn in Su Causeway, and the lotus fragrance of the pond points out the meaning of Yuanxiangtang, which is a comprehensive configuration that coordinates the growth habits of plants with traditional meanings.
Good at borrowing foreign objects to set off the artistic conception of plants
In landscape construction, we should not only pay attention to the posture beauty of plants, but also consider the beauty of the seasonal phases of its four-hour change, the beauty of the light and shadow of the sun and the moon, and the beauty of the sound of wind, rain, thunder and lightning. "All things are self-sufficient in contemplation, and the four-hour scenery is the same as people" These two poems by Cheng Hao are appropriate to describe the dynamic changes of plants. "Wuye new yellow persimmon leaf red", "clouds breaking the moon to make flowers and shadows", plum blossoms "dark incense floating", banana night rain, "heavenly wind and sea waves", etc. through the vision, hearing, smell, touch, immersive feeling of the art object, so that people's feelings are more real, more vivid, the poetry realm, poetry dissolved in the scene, the scenery overflows with poetry, the scene is created with sound and color.
brief summary
Scenery is an objectively existing object, an entity that can be seen, heard, smelled (fragrance), and touched. This kind of scene can play a role in people's senses, and produce an artistic conception, with this artistic conception, you can produce poetic and picturesque meaning, intentional in the environment, and there is affection in the meaning, so as to show the characteristics and style of Chinese gardens. Plants are an important part of the process of creating by scenery - artistic conception - emotion - philosophy, is the fountain of vitality of the garden landscape, the creation of plant landscape is not simply digging pits and planting trees, whether it is the beauty of its individual posture or the beauty of the level of its overall creation, we need to conduct a detailed analysis of the design site, reasonably choose the variety and planting form of plants, need to create a plant landscape works full of connotation with rational thinking, the artist's brush, and the poet's romance, to create a garden landscape with poetic feelings. In order to stimulate people's yearning and pursuit of beauty.
Source: Landscape
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