(Canonical text of historical direction)
preface:
For the ancient concept of "stable wife", I think most people come from the TV series "science". It is generally performed like this:
"Quick! Hard! See the head! ”
After 10 seconds a cry. The picture turned, photographing the sweaty and white lips of the heroine, and the stable woman on the side was already holding a well-dressed little person in her hand.
"Mother and child are safe!"
What did this stable woman, who only relied on scissors and hot water, build a bridge between mother and son to build a "birth gate"? In the delivery process that was cut into just 10 seconds by the TV series, what unknown "hot blood" stories happened?
One: What is a stable wife?
"Stable mother", also known as "hermit woman", "midwife", "midwife", "midwife" and "old woman", is the old folk to deliver babies for the mother. This professional group mainly plays a role in guiding mothers to sit in the grass pot and drop the navel for the baby.
The typical image of a stable woman is like this: wearing satin pants, tied legs, wearing a large red flower on her head, and a pair of silver ear piercing ears inserted in her bun
。 Does this image have a sense of familiarity after reading it? yes
The so-called "three sisters and six wives", one of the wives is the "stable wife".
Tao Zongyi, Records of Cultivation:
"The three sisters, the nuns, the Daogu, and the guagu; the six wives, the tooth woman, the matchmaker, the teacher,the godly woman, the medicine woman, and the stable woman also.".
Wen Po, first appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty. By the Time of the Tang and Song Dynasties, the profession of stable mother was already very common. For example, the Northern Song Dynasty scholar Ouyang Xiu's "Complete Works of Ouyang Wenzhonggong" mentions three people named "Sitting Mother".
The Complete Works of Ouyang Wenzhonggong:
"In the evening, the three women of the inner palace sent the internal attendants to the province for investigation, and summoned more than ten people from the obstetrics department of the medical officer and the three people who sat in the palace."
In the Southern Song Dynasty women's scientist Chen Ziming's "Complete Recipes for Women", the term "stable wife" is clearly mentioned.
The Complete Book of Women's Remedies:
"A steady wife must choose a seasoned one. Give favors first. Forewording and knowing. ”
The stable wife industry has its own "black words", and when listening to the ancient stable wife, I often feel as if I have come to a foreign land, and those limited language words are obviously not enough. For example, they call pregnant women "lock mothers", cytoplasm (amniotic fluid) spillage as "annunciation", abdominal pain is about to give birth as "hanging joy" and childbirth is "caixi", babies are called "heads", male babies are "multi-headed", female babies are "heads", placenta is "children's clothes", umbilical cords are "long life", scissors are "umbilical cords", grass paper is "mats" and so on. Are you as confused as little sister after listening?
Two: The delivery process of the stable mother-in-law?
Ancient Chinese medicine in the mainland attached great importance to obstetrics, and left many works for posterity in terms of delivery, such as "Zhang Zhongjing Healing Woman Fang", "Woman Baby Fang", "Production Fu Yi", "Tang Qianqing Dasheng Essentials", "Fu Shan Female Department" and "Fu Shan Female Department". And postpartum edit".
As for the "work process" of the stable mother, the little sister also came to briefly talk to you.
(1) Preparation: spawning.
The traditional delivery process begins at the tenth month, when the mother will give the mother a variety of "
Produce soup
", such as salvia cream, licorice powder, baosheng pills, dasheng soup, spawn dan and so on. If the effect is not satisfactory, then The Stable Mother will use her "Birth Three Treasures", which are:
Hair, rolling pin, sickle
。
The last two are instrument tools, and the little sister will not explain. First, hair. Its role is to give it to the mother.
You heard that right, eat hair. Do you say how can hair be eaten without diarrhea? Yes, a mother who has eaten her hair will have gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Increase pressure in the abdomen by vomiting, use this method to induce labor pain and promote the birth of the fetus.
There are also stable wives who need to ask for help when they are born, to see the information:
"The eleventh spirit rune that gives birth to the spirit rune should fly with water and fly the cinnabar book." Attached to the north wall of the room. To sit on the time of sitting. Internalize the charm with a needle. Serve with warm water. ”
As for the effect, you know...
(2) Process guidance.
Unlike today's expectant mothers, who lie down and give birth, most of the ancient mothers used "
Vertical production
”。
In fact, "vertical production" also has a certain scientific basis - with the help of gravity.
When the baby starts, the mother follows the guidance of the stable mother,or adopts
Born by sitting, standing, kneeling, squatting
The most popular postures are"
Sitting raw
"Because having your mother stand and kneel and squat is likely to hurt your legs, and if you bump into the ground, it may cause more trouble, so most mothers use "
There are also some moms who adopt"
Standing and living
This posture is suitable for mothers with small strength, because in this posture, the stable mother can play a relatively large "boost".
According to the Ming Dynasty's medical book "Pu Ji Fang", "the second dragged the arms of the woman." One of her heads reached the woman's womb. With two hands plate its waist. Do your best".
The mother in "PuJifang" adopts the method of "standing and living". In practice, a stable wife and two assistants are required. Two assistants dragged the mother's arm, and the last key person, the steady mother's head against the mother's abdomen, both hands on her waist. Help push a push.
Of course, the above description is only a smooth situation, if encountered "difficult childbirth", the stable wives will "show their magic", some methods still have some truth, such as shoulder delivery transfer techniques, through in vitro correction, the baby's position is corrected. But some are completely blind, such as "if the baby comes down first with both hands, take a little salt and put it on the baby's left hand, and the baby will naturally retract his hand." For example, "If you encounter the buttocks first, you don't need any tricks, and the Buddha will naturally bless the birth." ”
Do you think it's even more terrifying after reading it?
Not only that, but even more terrifying is the infection. Because the ancient level of disinfection was very poor, the only disinfection method of Wen po was "boiling water". If you are not careful, you can cause a bacterial infection. Therefore, in ancient times, even if the rich and noble families could hire the highest level of stable wives, there were often mothers who died of difficult childbirth. For example, Kangxi's concubine Empress Xiaochengren, daughter and Princess Shuowenke. For example, the original Lu shi of the poet Naranjande died because of difficult childbirth.
(3) Finishing work:
After all the hardships, the baby was finally born. At this time, the stable wife will help cut the umbilical cord. Some superstitious areas even like to use a sickle to cut the umbilical cord, it is said that because "sickle" means "Even born Takako"... Not to mention that the scythe is a good tool to put in the obstetrics department, which is a huge test for disinfection...
After so many passes, there are really very few who can still be "safe for mother and child". Although some mothers and babies survived, they also left many sequelae because of the improper operation of the "stable mother".
Three: How much can A stable wife get paid for delivering a baby once?
Well, the stable wife who has been busy for a day, now we should pay her. And this remuneration has a lot to do with the qualifications of the stable wife.
The stable wife with ordinary qualifications may not "charge", but the host will send some thank you gifts such as snacks, eggs, and pork.
And the higher level of the stable wife, the fee is not cheap.
According to the "Notes of the Right Tai Xianguan", a "White Yang Concubine" was the best technical midwife in the Shaoxing area of Zhejiang Province. Some poor families, because of the critical situation of maternal difficult childbirth, took out the only valuable Yantai in the family and wanted to sell it for a thousand dollars, just to invite this "white foreign grandmother". Look at the information:
Notes on the Right Terrace Sendan:
"His human color is miserable, and if he asks why, his women's and children's wombs are in danger,
I want to use this Yan Yi money to recruit Bai Yang's wife. Bai Yang is the best of the Chinese breast medicine. Leave the money he gave
。 ”
This story also reflects that skilled midwives are often not easy to ask for, and the remuneration required is high.
It can be said that the remuneration of the stable wife, the money is given more, the money is less given, even if some items are given, but can not be given. In fact, like modern times, rich people will wrap a big red envelope for the midwife staff.
Seagi said:
Every mother is great. They know that "production" is a huge adventure with an unknown future, but the mothers are not afraid to go before the ghost door is closed.
After experiencing this suffering, no suffering can easily defeat them. On the other hand, no matter how the world changes and how time changes, the mother's arms are always the safest harbor open to the child.
So, as Mother's Day approaches, please say to your mother: I love you!
What do you think about that? Welcome to leave a message to Sicchi sister and post your thoughts.
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Reference materials:
Tao Zongyi: Records of Cultivation,
Ouyang Xiu: The Complete Works of Ouyang Wenzhonggong,
Chen Ziming: The Complete Book of Women's Recipes,
Qi Zhongfu: Miscellaneous Records of Treasure Production,
Zhu Xu: "Pu Ji Fang",
Yu Fan: Notes on the Right Terrace Sendan.
This article was originally published by the Seacity Museum. Reproduction without permission is strictly prohibited!