1
Honorific prefix example
Qu Lao bowed down to the light please, Avon worshiped Hua Ling; Na Yu Chu Daxian, noble and respectful.
1. "Respect" the first family. Often used for one's own actions involving others.
Such as warning: tell; congratulations: congratulations; respect: waiting; salute (for the end of the letter): respectful; please: please; admiration: respect and admiration; gratitude is not sensitive: indicates resignation to do something (insensitive: no talent).
2. "Qu" head family.
For example, qu driving: grievances (mostly used for inviting people); [there are also labor driving, wrongful driving] quyi: mostly used to invite people to hold positions, grievances to take office; condescending: grievances in (lower status); condescending: lowering the status of the subordinate.
3. "Old" head family. Used to honor others, sometimes referring specifically to the elderly.
Such as old uncle, old master, old lady: can be honored as an elderly man; old seniors: honored as the older, more qualified, more experienced people in the peers; brother: honored as a male friend; boss: honored as some senior leaders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (many and surnames are used together); now also refers to the general manager or chairman of some companies. After the word "lao" is used to indicate a surname, it can also indicate respect, such as calling Ba Jin "Ba Lao".
4. "Bow" Head Family. In the old days, official letters were used to describe the other party's actions towards themselves.
For example, prostrating: saying that the other party or superior understands themselves; prostrating: asking the other party to agree to assume the position; prostrating: calling the other party or superior to think; submissive: saying that the other party or superior allows.
5. "Light" Head Family. Represents glory and is used for the other party to come.
Such as patronage (mostly used for merchants to welcome customers): call the guests to come; visit: call the guests to come.
6. "Please" the first family. Used to expect the other person to do something.
If please come in: please come in: please sit: ask the other party to sit down; please ask: ask the other party to answer the question;
7. "Ya" First family. It is used to weigh each other's affection and actions.
For example, Yajiao: call the other party's teaching; Yaliang: call the other party's measurement large; Yaxing: call the other party's interest large; Yayi: call the other party's affection or opinion; Yazheng: when giving away his own poetry, calligraphy, paintings, etc., he asks the other party to teach or criticize.
8. "Fang" head family. For or in connection with the other person.
For example, FangLin: call the neighbor of the other party; Fang Ling: call the age of the other party (mostly used for young women); Fang name: call the name of the other party (mostly used for young women).
9. "Bye" The first family. Used for personnel exchanges for their own actions involving each other.
For example: prayer: refers to saying goodbye to each other; prayer: refers to reading (the other party's article); visit: refers to visiting each other (friends); worship: refers to admiring each other; worship: acquaintance; greeting: refers to congratulating each other; worship: refers to getting to know each other; please: refers to asking each other to do things; worship: refers to visiting (the other party).
10. "Hua" first family. Call each other related things.
For example, Hua's birthday: call the other party's birthday; Hua Han: call the other party's letter; Hua Tang: call the other party's house; Hua Zong: call people the same surname.
11. "Order" the first family. For use by relatives or related persons of the other party.
For example, Ling Zun: honor the other party's father; Ling Tang: honor the other party's mother; Ling Lang: honor the other party's son; Ling Ai, Ling Jie: honor the other party's daughter; Ling Brother: honor the other party's brother; Ling Brother: honor the other party's brother; Ling Brother: honor the other party's brother; Ling Son-in-law (Ling Yuan) honor the other party's son-in-law; Ling Nephew: honor the other party's nephew; Another relative: honor the other party's relatives.
12. "Nagging" the first family.
Such as nagging light: dipping light (receiving benefits, expressing gratitude); nagging: receiving teachings (being instructed, expressing gratitude); nagging: disturbing (receiving hospitality, expressing gratitude).
13. "Jade" first family. Refers to the body or movement of the other person.
Such as Yucheng: Complete; Yuyin: honorific titles to each other's letters and words (mostly used in letters); Jade body: call the other party's body; Jade photograph: call the other party's photo.
14. "Hanging" head family. Used for actions of others (mostly elders or superiors) towards themselves.
Such as love: call the other party (mostly elders or superiors) love for themselves (mostly used in letters); longing: calling others think of themselves; favor: calling the other party value themselves; asking, asking: calling others questioning about themselves.
15. "Big" Head Family. Honorifics the other person or refers to things related to the other person.
For example, uncle: in addition to referring to uncle, you can also be honored as an older man; eldest brother: can be honored as a man of the same age as himself; eldest sister: can be honored as a female friend or acquaintance; big mother, big mother: honorable as an older woman; uncle: honored as an older man; adult (mostly used in letters): called an elder; big driver: called the other party; master (master): honored as a monk; big name: called the other person's name; Daqing: called the birthday of the elderly; Dazuo: called the other party's writings; Dazha: called the other party's letters.
16. "Sage" First family. For peers or juniors.
For example, Xiandi: called his brother or a man younger than himself; Xian nephew: called nephew.
17. "High" Head Family. Call someone else's thing.
For example, Gao Zhi: Gao Zhi: Gao Wei: refers to the age of a person leaving his original position to take up a higher position; Gao Zhi: the age of calling the elderly (mostly referring to sixty years old); Gao Theory: calling other people's arguments; Gao Shou: the age used to ask the elderly; Gao Zu: calling other people's students.
18. "Noble" first family. Call something related to the other person.
Such as Guigan: ask people what to do; Gui Geng: ask people's age; your country: call the other country; your surname: ask people's surname; your school: call each other's school; GuiQi: call each other's illness; Guizi: call each other's son (with the meaning of blessing).
19. "Gong" The first family. Show respect to each other.
Such as congratulations: respectful congratulations; waiting: respectfully waiting; respectfully inviting: respectfully inviting; respectful: respectfully greeting; congratulations: congratulating each other on their happy events.
20. The word "Hui" is a family. Actions used by the other party towards oneself.
For example, Save: please save (mostly used to give photos, books and other souvenirs when the inscription is written); patronage: Huilin (mostly used in stores to customers), Pro; Huilin: refers to the other party to come to themselves; Huiyun: refers to the other party allowing themselves (to do something); Hui Giving: refers to the other party's gift (property).
21. "Treasure" is used to refer to the other party's store, etc.
For example, "Treasure Land" is used to refer to the place where the other party is located; "Treasure Number" is used to refer to the other party's shop or name.
22. "Light" means glory and is used for the coming of the other party.
For example: "visiting", calling the arrival of guests; "patronizing", saying that guests come, merchants are mostly used to welcome customers.
23. "Bong" the first family. Used when the move involves the other party.
For example, Fengda: telling, expressing (mostly used in letters); Fengfu: replying (mostly used in letters); admonition: telling; returning; accompanying: accompanying or accompanying to do something; advising: advising; giving, giving, giving; flattery: please; welcoming: greeting; giving: giving.
24. "So-and-so" a family, indicating an honorific title for others.
For example, Your Highness: the honorific title of the emperor; Your Excellency: refers to a person with a certain social status (mostly used in letters, diplomatic occasions); subordinate: refers to the general; under the knee: when writing to parents or grandparents, often add "under the knee" under the title at the beginning; "foot" honorific friend.
There are also colloquialisms:
Dingli: vigorous (expressed in the request or thanks, only for others to themselves);
Inclusion: Please forgive me;
Axe Zheng: Please change the article;
Foot: Weigh each other;
Stay (for the host to send guests when the guest asks the host not to send): stop;
Laughter (for asking the other party to accept the gift): Please accept it;
Fushang: called the other party's house;
Correction (for inviting people to criticize their own work or opinions): point out errors and correct them;
Yazheng (for inviting people to criticize their own work or opinions): point out mistakes and correct them;
Teaching: giving instruction;
Long-term admiration (mostly used for first meetings): admired for a long time;
Bi also: return items, etc.
Raise your hand high: Polite words, mostly used to ask the other party for forgiveness or accommodation.
Teach without hesitation: Use yourself to ask others for advice or ask questions.
Help: Help each other vigorously (use when expressing please or thanking).
Listen: Wash your ears and listen respectfully. Describe listening respectfully and carefully to people. (Mostly used to say kind words when inviting people to speak).
High-ended seats: Noble friends are full of seats. Lots of guests to describe.
Oversized materials: Use large materials in small places. People with high figurative talents succumb to low positions and cannot make full use of their talents.
Take the lead in setting an example: Take the lead in setting an example for subordinates or juniors.
Humble as a valley: A humble mind is as empty and deep as a valley. Described very modestly. For example, he was sincere and enthusiastic about the masses, and his humble heart made everyone who saw him deeply moved.
Virtual left to wait: virtual, empty; left, in ancient times, the left position was respected. Wait for guests in an empty left seat as a sign of respect. It also refers to setting aside a place to wait for others.
2
Humble prefix example
The fools are shallow and shallow, and they despise the old and the cold. Clumsy and dare not manage, concubines widows and slave dogs.
1. "Fool" the first family. A modest title used to claim self-designation.
For example, Foolish Brother: Call yourself to someone younger than yourself; Foolishness: Call yourself an opinion. You can also use "stupid" to humble yourself.
2. "Home" the first family. Used to refer to others as relatives of their seniority or age.
Such as the father, family respect, family Yan, jiajun: called the father; the mother, the family ci: called the mother; the brother: called the brother; the sister: called the sister; the uncle: called the uncle.
3. "Small" Head Family. Humbly refer to yourself or people or things associated with yourself.
For example, the younger brother: the male humbly calls himself between friends or acquaintances; the child: humbly refers to his son; the little girl: humbly calls himself his daughter; the little man: the person with low status calls himself; the xiaosheng (more common in the early vernacular): the young reader calls himself; the little can (more common in the early vernacular): humbly refers to himself; the small shop: humbles call himself a store.
4. "We" the first family. Used to humble yourself or things related to yourself.
For example, our place: humble to call their own house, place; our people: humble to call themselves; our school: humble to call their own school; our surname: humble to call their own surname.
5. Less "shallow" heads. Such as Shallow View: Simple Insight.
6. "Despise" the first family. Used to humble yourself or things related to yourself.
Such as contempt: humble to call themselves; contempt: humble to call their own opinions; contempt: humble to call their own opinions.
7. "She" The first family. Used to refer to others as relatives of low or younger generations.
For example, shedi: called brother; she sister: called sister; shepherd nephew: called nephew; she relative: called relative.
8. "Old" Head Family. Used to humble yourself or things related to yourself.
Such as the old coarse: humble to say that they have no culture; old decay: the elderly humbly call themselves; old face: the elderly refer to their own face; old body: elderly women humbly call themselves.
9. There are fewer heads, called things about themselves. (Your) surname?
The surname is King. Concubine: The self-designation of a woman in the literary poem; the concubine: her own son.
10. "Cold" head less, cold house: to people call their own home.
11. "Humble" head family. Used to call yourself (article insights, etc.).
For example, humble writing: humble to call one's own words or calligraphy and paintings; humble view: call one's own opinions; humble writing (humble work): call one's own work.
12. "Ugly" has fewer heads, such as Ugly: Asami.
13. "No" First Family.
No talent: no talent; don't dare to be: indicates that you can't afford it (the other party's hospitality, praise, etc.); insensitive: not smart (indicating self-humility); no talent: no talent; no Xiao: bad character (mostly used for children).
14. "Dare" The first family. Indicates the audacity to request someone else.
Such as dare to ask: used to ask the other party questions; dare to please: used to ask the other party to do something; dare to annoy: used to trouble the other party to do something.
15. There are fewer "tube" heads. As seen in the tube: shallow insight.
16. Concubine: In ancient times, women humbly called themselves.
17. The "Law" head family, ask others to do things with kind words.
Labor: Ask someone to do something or make way. Labor: for thanking people for visiting; labor: annoying, annoying; tired: let people be affected (used to ask others to help do things) laborious: (used to ask others to help do things) laborious spirit.
18. Widow: Originally a humble title for the king, that is, a widow.
19. He is a young girl self-proclaimed.
20. Inuyasha: Call your own son.
21. "Passing" is used to evaluate other people's behavior toward themselves.
For example: "excessive praise" means excessive praise or praise when the other party praises themselves; "excessive praise", which means excessive praise, is used when the other party praises themselves.
22. "Thin" is used to refer to things related to oneself.
For example: "thin wine", which means light wine, is often used when entertaining guests; "thin gift", which means not rich gifts, is mostly used to humify the gifts given by oneself; "thin noodles", when interceding for people, humbly call their faces.
23. "刍" is used to refer to one's own opinions, etc.
For example: "discussion" is used to refer to one's own argument.
The following is spoken:
Bother, bother: it means to drain the mind and spirit, and is mostly used to ask for help or thank you;
Borrowing light : Used to ask others to give themselves convenience or ask people;
Long absence : Means not to see for a long time, used to meet after a long goodbye;
Condescending: used to request others to hold a position;
Condescension: meaning to lower one's status;
Illumination: used to invite the other party to accept their invitation;
Face Appreciation: Used to ask the other party to accept their own requests or gifts;
Disrespect: Apologize to the other party and blame yourself for being rude;
Unaccompanied: indicates that the other party cannot accompany each other;
Disappointment: apologize to the guest for not greeting the guest in person;
Heart Collar: used to thank others for gifts or wine and food reception;
Lucky Meeting: It was an honor to meet each other.
Ugliness: Often used in performance skills or writing, it indicates that you are not capable but dare to perform.
Presumptuous: Indicates (words and deeds) regardless of status, ability, and appropriateness of the occasion.
3
Commonly used honorifics and modesty
Salutations
Defending: Refers to the title of the champion who was last won in the competition.
Gift: Honorific, refers to the other party's gift (property).
Huiyun: Honorific, refers to the other party allowing himself to do something.
Driving: Salute, saying that the other party has arrived.
Questioning: An honorific, indicating that someone else (mostly refers to an elder or superior) asks about him.
Love: (book) honorifics, saying that the other party (mostly refers to elders or superiors) loves and cares for themselves (mostly used in letters).
Laubu: An honorific, used to thank others for visiting.
Ling Ai (媛): An honorific, calling the other person's daughter.
Ling Lang: Honorific, called the other party's son.
LingQin: Honorific, calling the other party's relative.
Lingtang: Salute, call the other person's mother.
Ling Zun: Honorific, called the other party's father.
Taiduan: Honorifics, formerly called the other party, (mostly used for letters to individuals by organs, groups, etc.).
Taifu: Honorific, a table word used in the old days to ask people.
Taiwan driver: Honorific, formerly known as the other party.
Dingli: Honorific, vigorous (used when expressing please or thanks).
Your Excellency: Honorifics, calling each other, mostly used in diplomatic occasions.
Patronage: Greetings, merchants often use to welcome customers.
Visit: Salute, saying that the guests have come.
GuiGeng: Salute, ask the age.
Gui: Salute, calling the other person sick.
Waiting: Greetings, waiting to come.
Waiting: Salute, wait for advice.
Haihan: Respectful, generous and tolerant (mostly used when asking for special forgiveness).
Save: Honorifics, please save, mostly for the above paragraph inscribed when giving photos, books and other souvenirs.
Huilin: Honorific, referring to the other party coming to himself.
Borrowing: Refers to borrowing the power of others and using it more as an honorific.
Name: In the old days, it referred to the name of a respected leader or respected person.
Subordinate: The subordinates of the general also made an honorific and called the general marshal.
Humility
Father: Humble words, calling others their fathers.
Mother: Humble words, calling others their mothers.
Shema: Humble called their own home, also known as "shedding".
Excessive praise: humble words, excessive praise.
Humble words, called their own home.
Boldness: Describe boldness, often used as a humble word.
Later learning: Late-advancing scholars or readers, mostly used as a humble word.
Late-mover: A person with less knowledge or seniority.
Awards: Modest words, excessive praise or praise. Refers to the other person's praise or praise.
Slave Family: The humble name of a young woman.
Concubine: A woman modestly calls herself.
Villain: A modest term for a person of low status.
Servant: A man's modest title.
Untalented, contemptible, inferior, and stealing: the humble name of "I".
Slut: Humble to call one's wife.
Foolishness: Humble words, speaking one's own opinions.
Dare to ask (please, annoyed): Take the liberty of asking someone else.
Avoid giving way to the virtuous road: Handing over the seal to resign, giving way to the talented and virtuous. Often used as a self-effacing statement of retirement from old age.
One gain: one gain, one gain; foolishness, foolishness. Humble yourself to a little foolish insight.
Corpse vegetarian meal: corpse position, empty occupation position does not do things; vegetarian meal, white meal. Humbly claim that you have not fulfilled your duties.
One Hole View: A Metaphor for Narrow and One-Sided Insights.
Only shallow learning: not extensive knowledge, not deep learning.
Virtue thin talent sparse: thin: shallow; sparse: empty. Poor character and talent.
Virtue is thin and can be fresh: Virtue is shallow, and only then can it be low.
We cherish our broom: a broken broom, I also cherish it. Comparing one's own things is not good enough to cherish.
Throwing bricks and leading jade: Throwing bricks and bringing back jade. Metaphors use crude, immature opinions or essays to elicit the wise, mature opinions or works of others.
Yi Xiao DaFang: Yi, left; Dafang, refers to a person who has a wide range of knowledge or expertise. Refers to making jokes by scholars or connoisseurs.
Reactive: Get paid without merit.
Stupid bird flies first: it means that they have poor ability, I am afraid that they are lagging behind, and they are one step ahead of others.
One Branch: Just to get a hiding place is a self-effacing and unpretentious job search term.
It is better to be respectful than to obey: instead of being humble and courteous, it is better to follow the opinions of others.
Out of reach: Far from the other.
Insufficient hanging teeth: foot, worth it; hanging teeth, put on the mouth to say. Things are minor and not worth mentioning.
Tricks of the Trade: Metaphors for insignificant skills (mostly text skills).
East smear west smear: This refers to women applying grease and powder. Later, it is often used as a modest word for drawing, writing or writing.
This heart: simple, tiny, meager. Describe a trivial little thought or thought.
Hang a leak: hang, enumerate; leak, miss. Mention one, miss tens of thousands. The description is very small, misses a lot, and is very incomplete.
Letter pen graffiti: Adjectives are badly written.
Polite words
Seeing teaching: polite words, teaching (I), such as "what to see and teach".
Excuse me: Polite words, indicating that please understand.
Seeing laughter: Refers to the clumsiness of one's own words and deeds.
Borrowing light: Polite words, used to ask others to give themselves convenience or ask people.
Long lost: Polite words, I haven't seen them for a long time.
Jiu Yang: Polite words, admired for a long time (said when we first met).
Driving: Polite words, used to ask others to do things or give way.
Stay: Polite words, used for the host to send guests, guests ask the host not to send out.
Face Appreciation: Polite words, used to ask the other party to accept their own requests or gifts.
TOEFL: Polite words, relying on the richness of others to make yourself lucky. It means that the other party is blessed to make oneself lucky.
Tai Jian: The old epistle cliché, used after the title at the beginning, indicates that the other party is invited to read the letter.
Reluctant requests: Polite words, unreasonable requests (called your own requests when asking for help).
Thanksgiving: Respectful, respectful; thank you, prevaricate; insensitive, unintelligent, no talent. Refers to respectfully indicating incompetence or inability to accept (a polite remark that prevaricates to do something).
euphemism
Change of clothes: Gentle words, go to the toilet.
Blocking the driving: Polite words, refuse to visit.
Return to Heaven, Return to the West: Euphemism, the name of human death.
Cutting love: giving up what you love (euphemism).
Cutting: Refers to breaking off friendship with friends (Dian out Guan Ning, Hua Xin).
other
Gao Pan: Refers to making friends or making relatives with people of high status.
Forgiveness: Ask the other person to forgive and forgive yourself.
Peng yan shenghui: used to thank others for coming to their own home or to thank others for sending calligraphy and paintings to their own homes.
Pengyan: The abbreviation of "Pengmen Yuhu", which uses the straw house with pengcao and thorn bamboo as a metaphor for poor people.'
Lin lining the door wall: 忝, indicating that you have insulted others and are ashamed of yourself. Expressing his shame in the division.
Let's talk about it (for things that you can't believe in yourself, you often use this phrase to show reservations when you say it to others).
Silk short and deep: silk, the rope used to draw water; draw water from the bottom up. The rope of the bucket is short, but it is necessary to draw water from a deep well. The metaphorical ability is small, and the task is great.
Fools have a thousand worries, there must be one gain: stupid people think about problems many times, and once they will be correct and get certain gains. Also known as "fool one gets".
Tube peeping: tube, bamboo tube; peep, looking through a small hole or gap; lily, scoop. Look at the sky from the bamboo pipe and measure the sea with a scoop. The metaphor is narrow-minded and shallow. It is also used as "to look at the sky with a tube, and to measure the sea with a litre".
Ban Men Axe: Ban, refers to the ancient craftsman Lu Ban. Play with an axe in front of Luban's door. The metaphor is showing off his skills in front of connoisseurs.
Talk about the heart: talk, slightly; the heart, the meager heart. Say a little bit.
Golden Wedding: European style commonly known as the fiftieth anniversary of marriage
Jinlan: Can be used as a synonym for brothers and sisters, such as "righteous knot Jinlan".
Entering the meeting: Going to meet, (mostly referring to the chief).
Speaking: Giving advice to people (respectful or polite tone), such as "speaking to you" and "boldly speaking".
Jinmi: That is, entering the meeting.
See: (Book) Asahi (Monarch).
Questioning: Refers to the plot to seize power (neutral word).
Lili: (Book) Husband and wife, such as the love of Lili.
Dust: (Book) Dust, (refers to the monarch who fled due to war).
Inner dependents: refers to female dependents.
Insider: Calling someone else their wife.
Relatives: Relatives of one's own.
Taishan, Taishui: Father-in-law, mother-in-law.
Uncle: (Book) Father-in-law.
Pronouns: Women still show relatives, such as "pronouns in the boudoir".
Dang Axis: Old time refers to government leaders.
Ding You: The funeral of his parents.
Dufu: A tyrannical ruler hated by the people.
Fangjia: The abbreviation of "Generous House" mostly refers to people who are proficient in a certain kind of learning and art.
Father: Father's friend.
Fu Zi: Deliver the manuscript for printing.
Gao Tang: (Book) refers to parents.
Humerus: A metaphor for the right person to assist the right person (book).
Return to the province: (Book) Go home to the province.
Laurel: Glorious title.
Jǐn: Marriage.
Red case: The division of labor among cooks refers to the work of cooking.
White case: The division of labor among cooks refers to work such as steaming rice.
Descendants: Descendants of people who have died.
Patronage: Favoritol, mostly used in stores to customers.
4
Humble honorifics
The first time we met and said "long look up" for a long time, I didn't see each other for a long time and said "long gone"
Ask someone to criticize and say "advise" ask for forgiveness and say "inclusive"
Asking for help and saying "hard driving" troublesome people saying "disturb"
Ask for convenience to say "borrow the light" Entrust people to do things and say "please"
Visiting others and saying "visiting" Ask people not to send people to say "stay"
Not far away to say "lost welcome" waiting for guests to say "waiting"
No time to accompany the guest to say "lost company" accompany the friend to say "Bong accompaniment"
Ask people why they say "Guigan" Ask people's surnames to say "Gui surnames"
Welcome to buy say "patronage" VIP come to say "Visit"
Please tell people to say "see the notice" Welcome to ask and say "inquire"
Thank people for loving and saying "wrong love" call people love and love to say "love"
Calling people gifts and saying "favor gifts" Asking people to save the question "Save"
Ask someone to receive a gift and say "laugh at it" Return the object and say "Bi return"
Calling people's homes "your house" Calling one's own home saying "cold houses"
Praise people's opinions say "high views" call their own opinions say "humble views"
Calling one's father "Ling Zun" Calling one's own father "family father"
Calling a person's mother "Lingtang" Calling one's own mother saying "family mother"
Calling a man's son "Linglang" Calling his son "Inuyasha"
Calling a daughter says "Ling Ai" Calls his daughter "Little Girl"
Congratulations to people and say "congratulations" Ask people to read the manuscript and say "axe right"
Ask someone to answer with "please ask" Ask someone to point out the use of "teach"
Visiting others with "visiting" Guests come with "Visiting"
Please do not send "stay step" to return the object called "Bong return"
The other party's letter is called "Huishu" The old man's age is called "high life"
The word humility can be summed up as a sentence: "The family is big and the house is small and the outsider is ordered". This means that when others call their elders and older peers, they are called "home", such as the father (family yan), the mother, (family kindness), the uncle, the brother, etc.; when the family is smaller than themselves, they are crowned with "she", such as brother, sister, nephew, etc.; people in other people's homes are called "ling" to show respect, such as Lingtang, Lingzun, Linglang, Ling'ai, etc.
In addition to "home", "house" and "order", there are also "small" (little girl, called her daughter), "humble" (such as humble view, call your own opinion), "contempt" (contempt, call your own opinion), "cold house, call your own home) and so on.
Common honorifics include "gui" (gui geng, calling other people's ages), "big" (big works, calling each other's works), "high" (takami, calling each other's opinions), "bai" (please, entrusting people to do things) and so on.