The Paper's reporters Ma Zuoyu and Pu Yaolei were from Beijing
Poster design White Wave
【Editor's Note】
Steelmaking's first steel made of ice! At the Beijing Winter Olympics, Shougang Park, which gave way to the western starting point of the "Chang'an Golden Axis", told a story of "return".
This old park full of industrial relics is reborn through ice and snow – a true "song of ice and fire", an adventurous life with a "huge temperature difference".
The surging news reporter walked into the Beijing Shougang Park of the Winter Olympics, felt the unique charm of "snow flying", and recorded the thickness of the industrial years.
Shougang Ski Jump.
The Shougang Ski Jump ushered in its performance at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
For a snow venue that is located in an urban area and will be retained forever, for Beijing, the "city of the two Olympic Games", and even for the winter Olympic movement, this is of great significance.
"It's not just a sports stadium, it's going to be a cultural image of a city." As one of the people in charge of the planning and design of the ski jump, Zhou Ting, an architect of the planning and design department of Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Co., Ltd., shared an untold story in the process of "starting from scratch" of the Shougang ski jump in an exclusive interview with the surging news reporter.
The ski jump, which is integrated into the legacy of industry, is like a footnote – interpreting the hard work and rebirth of the city of Beijing from 2008 to 2022, when it was twice associated with the Olympic Games.
A large jumping platform next to the cooling tower
Beijing is not a city that can have a lot of snow in winter, which is why when skiers from all over the world gather on the Shougang Ski Jump, most people invariably lament, "This is a special experience.".
These exclamations and praises are exactly what the IOC and the International Snow Federation wanted to achieve when they wanted to build a snow competition venue in Beijing.
"The International Snow Federation and the special organization wanted to put the competition in the urban area, also because it did not have as high requirements for the venue and snow as other snow sports. The terrain and venues of other snow sports may not be able to be carried by the city, but the big jump project is not the same. ”
Zhou Ting told the surging news reporter that in addition to the requirements of the venue and snowmaking, the promotion of ski jumping projects is also another important reason for the International Snow Federation's decision to put the ski jump in the Shougang Park located in Shijingshan District, Beijing, "Putting the big jump in the city, the audience's accessibility is higher, and naturally they are more willing to watch, which also increases the attention to this sport." ”
But it is not so easy to find a construction area with the least "sense of violation" in the 8.63 square kilometers of Shougang Park, which is full of industrial relics.
"At that time, the situation of the park was that there were many complex industrial remains, and the volume of the big jump platform was relatively large, and we would worry about its impact on the existing industrial heritage, so we hoped that its height could be controlled under our skyline." As a designer in charge of the overall planning of Shougang Park since 2014, Zhou Ting has experienced the process of "rejuvenation" of Shougang Park and witnessed several revisions to the site selection plan of the big jump platform.
"According to such requirements, there are only two options for the location of the big jump platform. The initial plan was to build on the blast furnace, because the blast furnace is located relatively central to our park, that is, the position of the shaft. However, the structure of the blast furnace is relatively weak, coupled with the impact of the volume of the platform on the space, the overall connection is not very good. ”
The second option is the cooling tower on the western boundary of Shougang Park - "The cooling tower of this power plant is adjacent to the boundary, connected to the bank of the Yongding River, and adjacent to the Qunming Lake in the park, so that the spatial arrangement will not interfere with the level of industrial remains in the entire park." ”
Interestingly, however, at the beginning of the consideration of the second option, the International Snow Federation proposed that the cooling tower be used as part of the big jump, allowing the players to climb the platform from the cooling tower and then "fly" out of the slope.
"The idea does combine industrial heritage and skiing, and it has a wonderful feeling, but the cooling tower is older, and the structure is a hyperboloid thin shell structure, which is very easy to lose stability if a hole is punched, and the cost of reinforcement and transformation is too high."
That is, after the repeated modification and deliberation of such several schemes, the Shougang Ski Jump finally rose next to the cooling tower, and specially matched with a difficult inclined elevator to match the structure and location of the cooling tower.
"First" and "Only"
In Zhou Ting's view, the steel structure of the Shougang Ski Jump is completely consistent with today's Shougang Park in terms of structural aesthetics, and there is no "sense of violation". The "flying sky" element integrated into the Dunhuang murals of the World Cultural Heritage makes this modern design full of "Chinese style".
"Beijing actually began hosting the FIS Snowboard Jumping World Cup very early on, but the venues for those competitions were temporary, even the last Pyeongchang Winter Olympics were temporary venues."
Zhou Ting told the surging news reporter that what the team is most proud of is that the Shougang Ski Jump is not only the only snow competition venue in Beijing, but also the only permanently retained big jump in the world. ”
But to shoulder this "only" title, the planning and design department of Shougang Construction Investment Co., Ltd. and the entire design team have tried many "firsts".
"It's like the referee tower next to the big jump, which used to be absent in other temporary venues, it was just an open-air referee seat." Zhou Ting told the surging news reporter that in the design of the referee tower, the curved glass can better ensure the viewing angle and does not affect the judge's judgment, "These are the first attempts, and there was no such consideration before." ”
Not only that, but the only permanently retained ski jump has another special highlight, that is, "one dual use".
According to Zhang Li, dean of tsinghua university's school of architecture and chief designer of the Shougang Ski Jump, the design team of the Shougang Ski Jump was "not satisfied with the fact that the jump is only used for this sport with hundreds of athletes around the world" at the beginning of the design. As a result, the "creativity triggered by a bunch of beer" mentioned by Dean Zhang Li in a previous interview has become the story of the Shougang Ski Jump that is talked about by the outside world.
"There is a great similarity between the veneer big jump and aerial skill sports, but the tracks are extremely incompatible." When designing the Shougang Ski Jump, Dean Zhang Li invited Qiao Qiao, director of the management of the International Snow Federation Freestyle Ski Competition, and David Serato, the designer of the snowboard jump, to drink beer together in Beijing and discuss how to meet the "one dual-use" design.
"After drinking, Serato lengthened the curve of the veneer jump appropriately at the horizontal distance, and Joe compressed the curve of the aerial technique appropriately at the horizontal distance, so that the ski area and the landing area could be shared as much as possible."
On the basis of this design, the design team of the Shougang Ski Jumping Platform used the "diamond shape" to carry out exquisite design, and finally completed a successful attempt to achieve "completing the track conversion within 48 hours".
"In this constant process of communication, exchange and run-in, we realized that the design of the track is not set in stone." Zhou Ting told the surging news reporter that many of the "firsts" of this ski jumping platform are also the first time of the International Snow Federation and individual organizations, "on the basis of meeting the starting height and slope, we finally broke their expectations." ”
Giving and leaving, returning and regenerating
In the Beijing Winter Olympics, which has 7 major events, 15 sub-events and 109 minor events, the shougang ski jumping platform does not undertake a heavy competition task, but it is the most story of all the Olympic heritage of the "post-Winter Olympic era".
In the midst of many industrial relics with a long history and a sense of age, the new ski jump can be regarded as a new starting point for Shougang Park and the Olympic Games.
The reason why it is a new starting point is precisely because before the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Shougang Park became part of the story of the first connection between Beijing and the Olympic Games.
At that time, in order to ensure the high demands of the Beijing Olympic Games on environmental protection, Shougang Group, one of China's top ten steel companies, spent five years to relocate the steel industry from Beijing to Caofeidian in Tangshan, Hebei Province, a project costing 67.7 billion yuan that became a major relocation worth remembering in the history of the world's industry.
This is the first story of Shougang Group and the Beijing Olympic Games – now, 14 years later, in this Shougang Park, which is related to a story of "giving and leaving", another story of "return and rebirth" is slowly unfolding.
"When we took over the project of this big jump, we set a three-year plan, just like that year, we will definitely complete the task on time." Recalling the process of Shougang's "from scratch", Zhou Ting, architectural designer of the planning and design department of Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Co., Ltd., told the surging news reporter that Shougang once again completed their agreement with the Olympic Games.
"Although the epidemic has been experienced in the middle, Shougang has overcome many difficulties up and down and tried to ensure the smooth completion of the project." In the case of breaking the traditional way of working, the construction project has achieved unexpected results. ”
In December 2018, the construction of the stadium began; on October 31, 2019, the venue was completed; in January 2020, the Shougang Ski JumpIng Center was the first to be completed; in November 2021, the main body of the jumping platform, the referee tower and the fixed grandstand part and supporting auxiliary buildings were all completed, and the venue operation team has moved in to carry out temporary facility construction work; on December 12, 2021, with the start of snowmaking equipment, the Shougang Ski Jumping Platform located in Shijingshan District officially started snowmaking work... In the three-year plan, Shougang Group has not been delayed by the epidemic.
From competitive sports to urban culture
In fact, during the construction of the Shougang Ski Jump, the industrial relics of Shougang Park are also glowing with "new life" little by little - as an important Olympic heritage of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, this ski jump will become a link from competitive sports to urban culture.
"In addition to hosting some professional events and national team training in the future, the ski jump itself will also become a large urban sculpture."
Zhou Ting told the surging news reporter that the permanently retained big jumping platform can be used as a stage background and become an iconic venue representing Beijing's close connection with the Olympic Games.
According to the staff of the park, the cooling pump station of the old factory area of Shougang has been transformed into a ticket inspection hall and event management office area during the Winter Olympics, and will be transformed into a multi-functional comprehensive building after the game, because the column is hollow inside, and the room for transformation is large, and it will be possible to cooperate with large groups to transform into banquet halls in the future, and to undertake weddings and other businesses.
The old main oxygen plant will also be transformed into an integrated service building during the Winter Olympic Games.
In addition, the big jumping platform will also be combined with these four cooling pumps into a curtain, the designers have done some atmosphere light design on both sides of the big jumping platform, the jumping platform body and the square can undertake commercial performances and concerts, when the huge projection can fall on them, they have also "cooperated" to host the 2021 Spring Festival Gala countdown activities and New Year's Eve music festival.
The light show just before the opening of the Winter Olympics is another kind of "appearance" of the Shougang Ski Jump, "We have hosted the New Year's Eve party and a number of light shows, including various activities of the Winter Olympic Organizing Committee." ”
At the same time, the track was built with a water outlet, and the big jumping platform can not only ski, but also be transformed into water skiing, grass skiing and other projects according to demand in the future.
"'Dare to break through and fight, dare to be the first in the world' is the spirit of our Shougang, which is still very consistent with the spirit of the Olympic Games." As an employee of Shougang Group for 8 years, Zhou Ting calls herself an "older new Shougang person", and the experience of participating in the construction of the Shougang ski jump platform also makes her look forward to the future of this venue and Shougang Park.
"Looking at the Gorgeous Turn of Shougang Park, I believe that the ski jump can also have a better promotion for ice and snow sports in Beijing and even China."
Editor-in-Charge: Ascendas
Proofreader: Yijia Xu