There is such a country on the earth, there is only one country on the whole continent, there is no need to worry about dealing with neighboring relations, as long as you develop yourself, this unique country is Australia in the southern hemisphere Oceania.
Since the founding of Australia, it has not formed a true concept of independence, first following the British saddle. Later, he turned to the more powerful United States and became his loyal horse boy, and the main theme of foreign thought has always been the same as the United States and Britain.
With the rise of Asia and the establishment of close economic and trade relations with China, China has become Australia's largest trading partner, which can be described as its "food and clothing parents".
But it is this Australia, which eats Chinese food and punches China in the face, both to make Chinese money and to show the superiority of white people, and to repeatedly tangle in arrogance and arrogance. Its foreign policy also fluctuates from left to right, with ups and downs.
Australia
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the "White Ao" complex of two domestic slaves</h1>
The Commonwealth of Australia was established in 1901 and until World War II, Australia's foreign affairs were under British control, and the British were Australia's masters at this time. From After World War II to the early 1970s, due to the decline of British power in the Far East, Australia pursued a foreign policy of "abandoning Britain for the United States" and following the United States in Asia to curb communist expansion, at which time the United States became Australia's second master.
In terms of self-positioning, Australia believes that although it is geographically located in the East and is a neighbor to Asia, the foundation of the country has always originated from Western countries, so it resolutely promotes Western values in foreign relations.
This is because Australia's dominant whites were exiled from Britain, and they shared the same traditional politics and history as The British and American countries, essentially belonging to western countries. There is a popular view in Australia that Australia is the "misplaced part of Europe", the overseas part of Europe, and an extension of European society.
Australia's once-prevalent "Howard Doctrine" is most evident in Western identity, and Australia's second white paper on foreign and trade policy, published in 2003, once again explicitly defined Australia's identity as a "Western country in the Asia-Pacific region", which makes people feel that they are in Cao Ying's heart.
Although Australia has always believed that the pursuit of national interests is inseparable from social values, but because "once you enter Asia, you will encounter China". Therefore, China policy is bound to become an important part of Australia's foreign policy. What's more, the Chinese and Australian economies are extremely complementary, and Australia's economic development simply cannot leave China's huge market.
With the deepening of trade exchanges between the two sides, the bilateral economic structure of China and Australia has undergone a profound transformation, and the all-round trade form and investment model have broken Australia's simple model of "resource export and product import" to China.
Over the past decade, Australia's services exports to China have grown at an average annual rate of 15 per cent, exceeding the combined exports of services to the UK and the US.
The diversification of Chinese investment in Australia has also gone beyond the mineral resources and infrastructure sectors to a wider range.
Since 2012, the People's Bank of China and the Australian Central Bank have also signed a currency swap agreement, the scale of the first phase of currency swap has reached 40 billion Australian dollars, bilateral financial cooperation is deepening, and the deep coupling of China-Australia economic and trade relations has been related to all aspects of Australia's social economy.
In fact, in the 2000 Defence White Paper, Australia listed China as the country with the greatest impact on regional security and decided to prioritize strategic dialogue with China. And After much deliberation, Australia began to emphasize its own political, cultural and historical traditions and began to move closer to Asia.
Former Prime Minister Keating said Australians would see Asia as friends and neighbours. But in fact, due to differences in culture and values, Australia has not yet been able to integrate into Asia.
This situation is extremely evident in its relations with China, and although Australia is deeply dependent on China's economy, it is politically extremely disapproving of China. In addition, together with the United States, Britain, and other countries, they have continuously interfered in China's internal affairs under the pretext of the Taiwan issue, the Tibet issue, and the human rights issue, resulting in a state of bad and not too bad in Sino-Australian relations for a long time.
At present, the "white Australia" racial supremacy ideology that appeared in Australia before and after the Cold War has begun to re-emerge, and the "yellow peril theory" to the "red disaster theory" and now the "China threat theory" have also begun to intensify.
Until now, Australia has not found a solution to its asian orientation and its backing to Europe and the United States, and with setbacks in Sino-Australian relations, Australia stands at the crossroads of a new century.
China-Australia relations
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > a "separation of politics and economics" diplomacy that takes advantage of both sides</h1>
Over the past 20 years, Australia has established a bizarre model of diplomatic relations with China that separates politics and economics.
On the one hand, it continues to consolidate the military alliance between Australia and the United States, on the other hand, it strives to share the dividends of China's rapid economic development, and due to the repeated record highs in bilateral trade between China and Australia, australia is thriving among developed economies.
Bilateral trade between China and Australia reached a record US$152.79 billion in 2018, with an average annual growth rate of more than 20% over more than 40 years.
Since the entry into force of the China-Australia FTA at the end of 2015, bilateral tariffs have been reduced year by year, the scope of Australia's beneficiary industries has been expanding, and in addition to the steady growth of China-Australia trade in the field of bulk commodities, agricultural trade dominated by wine, meat and milk and service trade dominated by tourism and education have become new growth points.
However, in recent times, Australia's foreign policy toward China has changed, and it has been politically bound to the United States too deeply, not only denying China's new crown anti-epidemic model, but also frequently contradicting China on many issues, and also sending planes to cruise in the East China Sea, eating Chinese rice and smashing Chinese bowls, which is really hateful.
United States
China does not need such inconsistent "money" friends, resolutely stopped importing its beef, red wine and other agricultural products, the good momentum of bilateral economic and trade cooperation has been strongly interrupted, and Australia's balanced diplomacy of secretly proud political and economic separation is on the verge of bankruptcy. The main reasons are:
First of all, the "safety valve" of mutual benefit and trade between China and Australia is no longer safe, and China's economic interests are constantly suffering losses.
At a time when Australia's exports to China are booming, the economic activities of Chinese companies in Australia are increasingly being treated unfairly. Due to the influence of ideological bias and zero-sum thinking, some extremely normal investment and business activities have been unexpectedly rejected.
Since 2015, the Australian government has rejected or banned commercial activities on the grounds of "safety" reviews, such as china Lanqiao Group's lease of Darwin Port, China Dakang Group's acquisition of Kidman's ranch, and China's State Grid Corporation and Hong Kong's Yangtze River Infrastructure joint equity bidding for Australian Power Grid Corporation.
Australia's growing aggressive attitude has taken a serious toll on the enthusiasm and confidence of Chinese investors. Since 2017, Chinese investment in Australia has declined continuously, falling by as much as 61% last year, and Australia's unfair treatment of Chinese enterprises has completely changed the win-win situation of China-Australia economic and trade cooperation.
Second, Australia persecuted Chinese high-tech multinationals, and the principle of separation of politics and economy was broken. In the second decade of the 21st century, China's high-tech multinational companies have achieved major breakthroughs in technological innovation, and the information and communication technology they have mastered can fully compete with similar Western enterprises, and the United States, Australia and other countries are very vigilant about this.
The Australian federal government, which feels superior, passed legislation to restrict and suppress China's high-tech investment and trade at the institutional level, and the Critical Infrastructure Security Act 2018 came into effect in July 2018. In August, the "5G Security Guidance" was officially released, and Australia immediately announced that Huawei and ZTE would be banned from participating in the provision of 5G technology and products in Australia.
5G means immeasurable value to Huawei and even China, and China must safeguard its own corporate interests and national interests.
In April 2019, the Chinese government formally filed a lawsuit with the WTO, accusing the Australian government of adopting a policy that was clearly discriminatory against Chinese telecom manufacturers in 5G telecommunications technology, and Australia's so-called "security" considerations were strongly countered by China.
WTO
Third, in the context of increasingly fierce strategic competition between China and the United States, Australia is on the verge of "taking sides", and the use of balanced diplomacy is seriously challenged by reality. Australia is a country that relies heavily on foreign trade, accounting for 43% of GDP in 2018.
Due to the profound impact of global value chains on national economies, trade wars tend to strike at the same time. In recent years, the United States has frequently launched trade wars against China and other countries, and its anti-globalization trade policy will of course have an adverse impact on Australia.
Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison expressed concern during the G20 Osaka meeting, "The Sino-US trade dispute has caused 'collateral damage' to other countries, the global trading system is under substantial pressure, and the impact of further deterioration of Sino-US relations will not be limited to these two countries."
At present, Australia is facing diplomatic difficulties, China is a trading partner that can bring huge economic benefits to itself, the United States is a military ally that may indirectly damage its own economic interests, and the once effective balancing diplomacy is facing great challenges.
Of course, judging from the series of anti-intellectual words and deeds of the Australian government and Prime Minister Scott Morrison, Australia is likely to choose to side with the United States, but it is the broad masses of people in Australia who suffer.
Morrison
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > extremely divided perception of China</h1>
The swing in the Australian government's foreign policy toward China stems from an unprecedented split in Australia's perception of China in terms of government behavior, social perceptions and policy research.
Since 2017, a wide range of discussions have been held in Australia on topics related to China, including the "destruction" of the Australian university system by Chinese students, the "threat" of Chinese investment to Australia's national security, the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative on Australia's domestic economy, and the participation of Australian Chinese in politics and deliberations.
Taken together, there is a split in China's perception at all three levels.
First, the state and federal governments have a divisive attitude toward China. In fact, this is mainly reflected in the different considerations of economic benefits between the two. The most typical case is Victoria bypassing the federal government and signing the Belt and Road Memorandum with China, which Prime Minister Morrison expressed great surprise and dissatisfaction.
As a local government in Australia, it must consider the economic development of the state, according to statistics, in 2017, 42% of Chinese investment went to New South Wales, 36% of investment went to Victoria, and 14% of investment went to Western Australia.
China's investment is mainly absorbed by the above three states, so increasing economic exchanges with China, promoting the economic development of the state, and improving the employment level of the corresponding regions have become the rational choice of Victoria, New Zealand and Western Australia, and joining the "Belt and Road" initiative is the best way to ensure continuous cooperation.
But as the federal government, because China's Belt and Road Initiative has a global perspective, especially China regards the South Pacific region as an important region covered by the "Belt and Road", and Australia has always regarded the South Pacific region as its traditional sphere of influence.
With the deepening of China's relations with The Pacific Island countries, China's "circle of friends" has formed great geopolitical pressure on Australia, a regional power, which is an important reason why the Government from Turnbull to Morrison has not accepted the "Belt and Road" initiative.
However, the shadow cabinet of Australia's opposition Labour Party has repeatedly expressed its openness to the Belt and Road Initiative and its intention to dock with the Belt and Road Initiative. NSW Labour leader Luke Foley has even radically said that if Australia and NSW do not cooperate with China on the Belt and Road Initiative, it will be tantamount to economic suicide.
The positive statement of the Labor Party not only reflects its expectations and affirmation of the "Belt and Road", but it is more out of the demand to criticize the ruling party and put forward a foreign policy that is very different from that of the ruling coalition.
Second, the split between the public and the media. The Australian mainstream media has contributed to the crisis in the bilateral relationship between China and Australia.
One Belt, One Road
Many Australian media, including the Sydney Morning Herald, The Australian, and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, have continuously cast a shadow over China-Australia relations by exposing "political donations," digging up suspicious "evidence," and plotting negative news.
At the same time, Australians and business people are more pragmatic, with 82 per cent of Australians in a 2018 survey showing that they see a "better relationship than an economic partner" with China, rather than a "military threat".
Third, there is a split in the field of China policy research. Australian scholars have long had different views on how to understand China's foreign policy, understand China-Australia relations, and formulate China policy. In general, it is a more mainstream view to recognize China's economic development prospects and maintain an alliance with the United States.
But there are still a considerable number of people who adhere to the tone of the "China threat theory" and use vague cases and fantasies to denigrate and resist China.
Professor Hamilton, who is a representative of this faction, sees chinese political donations in accordance with local practice as China's "political invasion", labels China-friendly social groups, research institutions and the media with a variety of negative labels, and views the normal academic views of some scholars as influences from Chinese funding.
The Australian Institute of Strategic Policy studies draws "military" from many academic exchanges and interactions to interpret it, distorting the increasingly frequent Sino-foreign scientific research cooperation as "stealing military technology". Another group of scholars and institutions base on facts and analyze and evaluate the focus of Australian society on China.
Among them, the Australian-Chinese Institute of International Relations at the University of Technology Sydney released "Australia's Accusations against China: Is It True?" With the data as the support, through in-depth research, it gave an objective and fair evaluation of the protests of Chinese students, the political donations of Chinese students, and the impact of China-Australia economic and trade relations on Australia.
Australian political philosopher John Keane argues that the anti-China sentiment that spreads in Australian society does not come from the people, but from power groups, especially some media and politicians.
John Keane
China's rapid rise has had an impact on the US-led hegemonic system at the global level, which is highlighted by the strategic competition between China and the United States. At the regional level, the power structure of geopolitics is changed, leaving neighboring countries in a state-of-state relationship that is in flux.
Shocks, both at the global and regional levels, are relevant to Australia. On the one hand, years of Australia-U.S. military alliances have meant far-reaching U.S. implications for Australia's security diplomacy. On the other hand, as a traditional power in the South Pacific, China's reshaping of the international and regional order is an important reason for the transformation of Australia's diplomacy with China.
But in any case, Australia should not ignore the interests of the people and talk only about politics, not efficiency.
Australia should correct its mentality, abandon populist ideas, abandon ideological prejudices and Cold War mentality, and no longer dwell on arrogance and arrogance, but correct its attitude toward China and unify its china policy, so as to truly promote the benign development of China-Australia political and economic relations.