Farmers' old mansions have become characteristic homestays, nameless villages have become "net red" tourist spots, and vacant land has been built into enterprises... In Jiutai District, Changchun City, the original "sleeping assets" are being revitalized, injecting vitality and enhancing impetus into rural revitalization.
In recent years, our province has actively and steadily promoted rural reform, revitalized sleeping resource assets, excavated new depressions for rural investment, explored more replicable and generalizable experience models, and maximized the release of reform dividends.
"Three Plots" Reform, Activating Rural "Sleeping Land"
Pastoral Art Homestay, Automated Sunshine Fruit and Vegetable Shed, Sunshine Music Flower Room, Plant Maze, Pet Park, Shared Family Farm... Located in Jiutai District, Changchun City, Heyue Tinghu Creative Farm integrates elements such as culture, innovation and creativity, and has become a pastoral complex integrating circular agriculture, creative agriculture and agricultural experience.
"It was so relaxing to come here, there were so many things to experience, we were planning to stay for one night." Mr. Lin, a citizen of Changchun, and his family of three drove to the farm to prepare for the weekend here.
"Our project was selected and launched in 2018, and we can have such a construction scale, mainly due to the reform of collective operation construction land entering the market, which provides a land use guarantee for farm development." Zang Guichen, chairman of Heyue Lake Creative Farm, said.
In accordance with the unified arrangements of the state, in March 2015, Jiutai District of Changchun City carried out the pilot reform of rural collective operation construction land into the city, in September 2016, the reform pilot of the rural land expropriation system was carried out, and in December 2017, the pilot reform of the rural residential land system was carried out.
As a national pilot, when exploring the road of "three plots of land" reform, Jiutai District adheres to the three bottom lines of not changing the nature of land public ownership, not breaking through the red line of cultivated land, and not harming the interests of farmers. At the same time, we spared no effort to solve historical contradictions, solve the problems encountered in the pilot work, and realized the in-depth promotion, deep integration and global coverage of the three reform tasks.
Up to now, the collective operation construction land in Jiutai District has organized the implementation of 222 cases of land into the market, with a total area of 102 hectares and a total transaction price of 151.58 million yuan; the net income of entering the market is 104.95 million yuan, of which the government adjustment fund income is 48.77 million yuan, and the farmers and collective income is 56.18 million yuan. In particular, in 2019, a total of 165 plots of land were completed into the market, and the transaction price of the market was more than 102.6 million yuan, achieving a "double breakthrough" of "breaking 100" of land plots entering the market in a single year and "breaking 100 million" in the transaction price of entering the market in a single year.
The reform of "three plots of land" has "awakened" not only Jiutai District, but also such changes can be seen everywhere in various parts of the province. In recent years, our province has focused on the reform of the "three plots of land" of rural contracted land, homestead land and collective construction land, carried out the "separation of three rights" and "looking back" of rural contracted land, promoted the issuance of warrants, comprehensively used the results of confirming rights, established rural land transaction circulation service centers at different levels, explored mechanisms for paid transfer and withdrawal, promoted the orderly circulation of land management rights to new agricultural business entities, and developed moderate-scale operations.
In the construction of homestead land, summarize the advanced practices of jiutai, Meihekou and Tongyu three state-level pilot counties for the reform of the homestead system, steadily promote the reform of rural homesteads, explore the separation of the "three rights" of ownership, qualification and use of homesteads, explore effective methods such as homestead replacement and disposal of abandoned homesteads, and continuously revitalize idle rural assets such as idle homesteads and farmhouses.
Farmers scramble to "let go" and "entrust" to get rich and good "money scene"
During the autumn harvest, in the Tiexi District of Siping City, a large combine harvester shuttles back and forth in the fields, golden corn cobs are collected into the chassis, corn stalks are screened out by machines, and the Yongxin Farmers Professional Cooperative is harvesting 110 hectares of trusted land in a unified manner.
The fruits of reform have benefited the vast number of farmers. A few years ago, the farmers of jiufang villages were still "fighting alone", only caring about cultivating their own fields. In 2020, the "land into the shares" officially opened a pilot in Tiexi District, and in the busy season, the villagers "stole" and became "hand-throwing treasurers".
"Grain is planted from planting to harvesting, the cooperatives plant and manage it uniformly, when to sell grain or the peasants themselves decide, the cooperative's finances are open, and there is also a board of supervisors, what else do we not worry about?" Talking about the improvement of income after the "land into the shares", the villagers of jiufang village sighed that now the land lease fee plus the salary of the infrared at the end of the year plus the wage of going out to work has doubled compared with before, and it is really dare not think about it.
For the innovative advantages of the "land into the stock" model, Hou Gang of Yongxin Farmers Professional Cooperative gave the answer, through the use of the "yield guarantee income + over-yield dividend income + beneficial agricultural policy capital income" model, the purchase of "land into the stock" corn yield guarantee income insurance to protect the benefits of farmers. With each society in the village as the basic unit, 3 representatives are selected from the shareholding farmers as members of the board of supervisors, participate in the whole process of agricultural material procurement, agricultural production, product sales and other aspects of management, and disclose financial accounts to members at any time. After the harvest, the cooperative grain depot provides free storage for 5 months, and the drying only charges the cost fee to solve the problem of collection and storage services.
With the promotion of the "land into the shares" model, more and more farmers enjoy the peace of mind and convenience brought by the "field nanny". "Bringing land into the shares" has been affirmed and praised by the vast number of peasant households. The first batch of "land into the shares" farmers received dividends of 15,000 yuan to 19,000 yuan per hectare, an increase of 1,300 yuan to 3,000 yuan per hectare compared with independent operation.
In recent years, the province's agricultural production trusteeship has shown a good development trend of diversification of trusteeship models, diversified service subjects, specialized service technology, and mechanization of service equipment, which has effectively promoted agricultural cost savings and efficiency increases and farmers' income.
The level of scale operation has been significantly improved. The fragmentation of land restricts the development of modern agriculture, and our province gives full play to the advantages of close connection between agricultural service organizations and peasant households and a sound service system, relies on agricultural production trusteeship, breaks the original situation of small peasant household land dispersion, eliminates fields, uses corner wasteland, etc., increases the area of cultivation, expands the area of concentrated continuous cultivation, improves production methods, applies advanced agricultural production technology, reduces losses in the collection and drying and storage links, promotes grain production, and obtains scale operation benefits.
Through the development of agricultural production trusteeship, service organizations centralized procurement, integrated technology, standard operations, unified services, order acquisition, etc., reduce the cost of agricultural materialization and production operations, liberate rural labor, go out to work for employment, and promote the improvement of agricultural production quality and efficiency and the increase of farmers' income.
In 2021, we will comprehensively launch the "three changes" reform in rural areas, formulate a reform plan for rural resources to change assets, funds into shares, farmers into shareholders, and re-verify and verify 160 million mu of rural resource assets, 12.689 billion yuan of operating assets, and 40.505 billion yuan of non-operating assets. 99.6% of the rural-related and 96.87% of the rural-related population in the province have completed the identification of members of rural collective economic organizations, and more than 1/3 of the rural-related operational assets have been quantified.