"Zhao Mengfu Famous Pen"
Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House
Zhao Mengfu is painted like Yuan Yang Shuqian
Zhao Mengfu (1254-1322), Yuan calligrapher and painter. Zi Ang, Song Xue Daoren, Shuijinggong Daoist. A native of Wuxing (present-day Huzhou, Zhejiang). Eleventh grandson of Song Taizu. Entering the Yuan, the official to the Hanlin Bachelor undertakes the will. He was enfeoffed as the Duke of Wei (魏国公), with the courtesy name Wen Min (文敏).
Zhao Mengfugong calligraphy, seal, li, kai, xing, cursive are good, especially known for kai, xingshu. Learning from Li Yong and taking Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi as the sect, the style of writing is charming, beautiful, the body is strict and neat, the penmanship is mature, and the world is called "Zhao Body". Together with Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, and Ouyang Qian, he was known as the "Four Great Masters of Kaishu".
Zhao Mengfu was extremely intelligent and energetic, and almost single-handedly restored the ancient calligraphy destroyed by the Song Dynasty Shuyuan and opened up a new world. He absorbed the excellent traditions of the ancients and created his own "Zhao body", which not only stained the calligraphers of the Yuan Dynasty, but also left a rich legacy for future generations.
Dong Qichang praised Zhao Mengfu's calligraphy as surpassing that of the Tang Dynasty. In his later years, he said: "After studying the Book of Jin ren in the past eighteen years, I have lost sight of Zhao Wuxing; now that I am old, I have known that Wu Xing is out of reach!" "Wu Xing is Zhao Mengfu.
The modern calligrapher Pan Boying (1904-1966) lamented in his book "A Brief Treatise on Chinese Calligraphy": "Since the death of Zhao Mengfu, it has been more than six hundred years today, and there has not been another great scholar like him. ”
In Zhao Mengfu's pen, Cao Zhi, Ji Kang, Pan Yue, Tao Yuanming, Du Fu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi and Zhu Xi and other famous works of literature of past generations have not only shocked people's hearts with words that penetrate everything, but also pleasing to the eyes and ears with the beauty of the art of dragon flying phoenix dance and round and beautiful, becoming an immortal art treasure integrating literature and calligraphy.
Roselle endowment
Zhao Mengfu wrote "Roselle Endowment" many times, of which two are most influential in the Tianjin Museum and the Palace Museum.
Part of Roselle Endowment
The Luoshenfu in the Tianjin Museum was written in the fourth year of The Great Virtue of the Yuan Dynasty (1300), when the scribes were 40 out of 7. This volume is a book by a friend Sheng Yimin, and some Fang family commented that it is "elegant and handsome, rigorous and calm, rich and elegant". The Yuan Dynasty calligrapher and painter Ni Zhan said in the inscription at the end of the volume: "This volume of the book "Luoshenfu" is round and charming, and has the meaning of Chu Henan. "The whole volume is 29.5 centimeters long and 192.6 centimeters wide.
The "Roselle Endowment" hidden in the Palace Museum has no written date. Wang Duo, a famous calligrapher of the Ming Dynasty, commented in the inscription at the end of the volume: "This volume has been examined for several days, the luan flying dragon dances, the person who obtains the second king's divine machine, and Wen Min's ear", which shows his high evaluation of this book. The scroll is thirty-two centimeters long and three hundred centimeters wide.
Uncle Ji broke off relations with Shan Juyuan at night
During the Wei and Jin dynasties, the scholar Ji Kang (Zi Shu Ye) was dissatisfied with the rule of the Sima clique and lived in seclusion. He was friendly with Shantao and six other people who were invisible and did not care about the world, and swam in the bamboo forest, known as the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". Shan Tao character Juyuan, later out of the mountain as an official, want to recommend Ji Kang out of the shi. Ji Kang, who was at odds with the Sima clique, wrote a letter and broke off relations with him. This letter is the famous "Letter of Renunciation between Uncle Ji and Shan Juyuan", which was later included in the "Selected Writings of Zhaoming" by Xiao Tong, the prince of Zhaoming.
Part of the Book of Uncle Ji and Shan Juyuan's Renunciation
Zhao Mengfu wrote this article many times, in addition to the three engraved in the "Sanxitang Dharma", there is also an inkblot written on green silk by Yanyou Liu (1319) when he was sixty-six years old. This volume of ink is 21.8 centimeters long and 254.7 centimeters wide, and the mixture of kai, row, grass and chapter grass is integrated, and the rhyme is old, which is the masterpiece of his later years. It is now in the Palace Museum.
Idle house endowment, autumn rejuvenation endowment
Pan Yue, a famous literary scholar of the Western Jin Dynasty, wrote two famous works, "Idle Residence Fu" and "Qiu Xing Fu", and was later selected to be included in the "Selected Writings of Zhaoming". Affected by it and influenced, Zhao Mengfu, with his superb artistic level, has written the above two famous works of literature, leaving a rare trace for future generations. The two books are well-written, the pen is well-organized, the font is elegant and feminine, and it has the style of two kings.
"Idle House" partial
The Qing Dynasty scholar Cao Rong commented on the inscription after the volume of "Idle Residence Endowment": "Zhao Wenmin was very favored in the Yuan Dynasty, and he was diligent in his ministry at home and abroad, and the days of the Crystal Palace were relatively short, and his book "Idle Residence Endowment" was tireless in Shijin and sent the thoughts of the perch. Use the pen pure master Li Beihai and transport to the posture show, do not trick the Jiang family law, set for the cooperation in the later years. Zhao Mengfu excerpted and wrote this volume of "Idle Residence Endowment" 38 centimeters in length and 248.3 centimeters in width, hidden in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Part of "Autumn Xingfu"
The volume "Qiu Xingfu" is 25.7 centimeters long and 284.5 centimeters wide, and is in the collection of the Shanghai Museum.
Go home and resign
Zhao Mengfu wrote Tao Yuanming's famous work "Return to the Word" many times, and many inkblots have survived. The Zhao Shu (赵書), which is in the Shanghai Museum, is in the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1297), when the scholar was forty-four years old, in the prime of his life. At that time, Zhao Shi was idle at home and wrote this ink for Zhang Qian, the inspector of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces.
Part of "Homecoming Words"
In 1954, Mr. Qi Gong, a famous contemporary scholar, wrote in the inscription at the end of this volume: "Songxue middle-aged characters are more than square in circles, the manners are sprinkled, the strange places are especially in the sharp turn, there is no leakage, and in the peaceful and tidy, I see the magic of luck and jin into the wind..." This volume is 25.8 centimeters long and 139.4 centimeters wide.
The Book of Zhao in the Liaoning Provincial Museum, "Return and Order", is 24 centimeters long and 146 centimeters wide. This work is deeply rooted in Wang Xi's brushwork, mixed with kai, line, and grass, graceful and broad, and the whole text is full of diseases, and the peace is seen in the middle. Although there is no written date, but looking at the whole volume, it is a masterpiece after the age of fifty. The editors combined the above two volumes of ink into a book, enlarged and printed, for a wide range of readers to appreciate the study.
Autumn poetry
In the first year of the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu, a great poet who had passed more than half a hundred, traveled to Kuizhou and composed a group of poems entitled "Eight Songs of Autumn Xing" because of qiu xingxing. Zhao Mengfu spoke highly of this group of poems when the country was sad, believing that it was a masterpiece in ancient and modern times, and at the request of friends, he chose to write four of them. The ink is 23.5 centimeters long and 261.5 centimeters wide, and is now in the Shanghai Museum. Although this work is the inkblot of the early years of the writer, its gestures are mature and mature, and it is already beautiful and super-vulgar.
Part of "Autumn Xing Poems"
Autumn sound endowment
The "Autumn Sound Endowment" created by Ouyang Xiu, a famous literary scholar of the Song Dynasty, is a famous masterpiece of the population. Zhao Mengfu was infected by it and carefully wrote this beautiful article. Some Fang jia praised this book, the whole text is gentle and smooth, the pen is moist, the knot is cheerful and elegant, colorful and varied, and it is deeply rooted in the penmanship of the second king. The inkblot, which is 34.8 centimeters long and 188.2 centimeters wide, is now in the Liaoning Provincial Museum.
"Autumn Sound Endowment" part
Chibi endowment, post-Chibi endowment
In the seventh month of the lunar calendar in the fifth year of Song Yuanfeng (1082), Su Shi, who was relegated to Huangzhou, traveled to Chibi at night and wrote the famous "Chibi Fu". After March, Su Shi traveled to Chibi again and wrote the article "Chibi Fu". The two endowments are sister chapters, which are called chibi endowments before and after. Su Shi, who was known as one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" by later generations, created two beautiful masterpieces with superb artistic techniques, which were deeply loved by later generations of literati.
In the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1301), Zhao Mengfu, at the request of a friend, wrote two "Chibi Fu" and painted a portrait of Su Shi.
Part of "Chibi Fu"
Some Fangjia commented that Zhao's ink is rigorous, the font is beautiful, the penmanship is rounded and smooth, the starting pen is hidden and staggered, the pen is slow and clear, and the twists and turns are combined. The writing method of this book point is the most special, its posture is varied, the long point and the short point are changeable, and the hidden dew takes more side posture, and the hand points are easy to fall. The ink is on paper, an album, 27.2 cm in length and 11.1 cm in width, and is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Zhu Zi is excited about poetry
Chen Ziang was the first famous poet in the literary circles of the early Tang Dynasty, and his "Thirty-Eight Poems of Encounter" had a profound impact on later generations. The Southern Song Dynasty writer Liu Kezhuang praised this work as "reading with empty eyes and four seas, and the excitement of wandering in the eight poles." Zhu Xi, a famous philosopher, educator and poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, was inspired by him to create "Twenty Poems of Sentimental Pleasure".
Zhao Mengfu was deeply influenced by Zhu Xi's poetry, and in the second year of Emperor Qing (1313), he wrote a full poem and gave it to his friends. The role of this book is clear and vigorous, the knots are fat and thin, and the body posture is strange and colorful. The whole volume is 28.2 centimeters long and more than 300 centimeters wide. It is now in the national palace museum in Taipei.
Part of "Zhu Zi's Sentimental Poems"
A thousand words of writing
Zhao Mengfu was diligent in the pool and admired by future generations. He once wrote himself in a thousand-word essay: "In the past twenty years, a servant has written a thousand-word text in a hundred numbers." "After going through vicissitudes, today, there are less than ten thousand-word inkblots that have survived and been made public. Among these thousand-character inkblots, this volume of thousand-character texts hidden in the Palace Museum in Beijing is quite popular with many readers. This thousand-character text was written by Zhao In his later years, first in letters, and then gradually stretched out into a book of lines. The Ming Dynasty scholar Zhan Jingfeng commented: "This volume is high and ancient, round and beautiful, and it is a proud work for the purpose." The Ming Dynasty scholar Mo Yunqing commented: "In the past, people said that there were ten thousand miles in all directions, hundreds of years up and down, and there was absolutely no calligraphy. ”
Part of the "Thousand Words Text"
The 1,000-character text of this volume is silk, 26.5 cm in length and 373.4 cm in width. The first is the ming dynasty Xu Lin seal book "Songxue Qianwen" four large seal characters, after the volume there are Yuan Dynasty Zhang Yu, Huang Gongwang, Ming Dynasty Mo Yunqing, Zhan Jingfeng and other people's text. The collection seals include "The Treasure of the Qianlong Imperial Collection", "The Treasure of the Jiaqing Imperial Collection", "The Treasure of the Xuantong Imperial Collection" and so on.
Source: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House
Editor: Xu Nuo