On May 22, former American analyst Daniel M. Ellsberg, disclosed a top-secret document. In this document, there are military and political secrets about the Pentagon, which is the plan of the United States to carry out a nuclear strike against China. As soon as the news came out, it aroused great concern in the international community.
In 1958, China was facing the dilemma of domestic development, the volunteer army withdrew from Korea, the 823 artillery battle broke out in Kinmen, these internal and external troubles have not yet been solved, and the United States, which is far away from North America, is staring at us.
Although half a century has passed since the document covered the matter, at a time when Sino-US relations are so tense, the content of the document still needs our vigilance. So, what exactly is the content of this document? For what purpose is the United States pursuing this program? Why did it end up?
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After the end of World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union officially entered the Cold War period. At that time, two camps of different ideologies were opposing, conflicting, and constantly in friction. During the Cold War, the United States developed a series of nuclear program deployments for every potential threat. China is no exception.
In this document, the nuclear strike strategy implemented by the United States is a plan formulated in response to the previous shelling of Kinmen by the People's Liberation Army.
In July 1958, the 714 coup d'état broke out in Iraq, which overthrew British colonial rule. Out of consideration for its interests in the Middle East, the United States directly sent troops to attack Lebanon, and the British also entered Jordan.
Overnight, the situation in the Middle East has undergone tremendous changes and has become the focus of the world's attention. Due to a series of chain reactions between the United States and the West, the socialist camp led by the Soviet Union also began to deal with it.
Since the us invasion is not a just act, public opinion all over the world is supporting the anti-aggression struggle of the people of the Middle East.
On the Asian side, Chiang Kai-shek, seeing the delicate situation in the Middle East, immediately ordered the Kuomintang army to enter a state of full combat readiness and conduct joint military exercises in Kinmen, Matsu, and Taiwan.
Under the constant intrusion of the Kuomintang Air Force, based on the study of the US plan for Taiwan, the central authorities deployed a coping strategy and decided to test the bottom line of the United States. In this context, the Battle of the Golden Gate broke out.
After the central government made a decision, the PLAAF units began to move to Fujian, and began a half-month-long battle for air supremacy with the Kuomintang aircraft.
Because the Platon Army had previously accumulated valuable combat experience in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, it only lost more than 20 aircraft in the air battle with the Nationalist army, while the Nationalist army lost more than 50 aircraft.
After completely seizing air supremacy in Fujian, the People's Liberation Army began to advance toward Xiamen.
At that time, the Fuzhou Military Region deployed 2 artillery general groups in Kinmen, of which the Xiamen Artillery Group had 15 artillery battalions, which were responsible for attacking the Big Bear, the Second Bear, and the Little Kinmen. The 17 artillery battalions under the Lianhe Artillery Group attacked the Golden Gate.
The PLA's artillery is dominated by Soviet-made 122mm and 152mm howitzers.
On the other hand, the Kuomintang army was lined up on 9 islands from west to east. Equipped with 308 105mm guns, 146 anti-aircraft guns of more than 40mm, in addition to 106 light tanks and self-propelled guns, and 12 heavy artillery with American assistance, they were transported to the island during the battle.
At 17:30 on August 23, the Battle of Kinmen officially began. The Plaster began the first wave of attacks code-named Typhoon.
At that time, our army fired nearly 10,000 shells at Kinmen in 1 hour, and its focus was artillery and radar positions, command organs and port ships.
Five minutes after the raid, the artillery began the second round of attacks code-named "Rainstorm", mainly targeting the nationalist artillery positions.
At 19:35, our army began the last wave of rapid attack. At that time, each gun fired 4 shells, mainly attacking the Nationalist army that extinguished fires and repaired them.
According to post-war statistics, our army fired a total of 31,757 shells that day, annihilating more than 500 enemy troops. Among them were senior Kuomintang generals Zhang Jie, Liu Mingkui, Ji Xingwen and others. On the 24th, our army set up anti-aircraft artillery again and blockaded the Kinmen supply line.
Under the sudden attack of our army, the Nationalist army was caught off guard, and since our army only attacked Kinmen, the United States was also confused and did not know whether our army wanted to take Kinmen or to move the tiger away from the mountains and attack the Kuomintang base camp.
The United States quickly shifted its energy in the Middle East to this incident. The U.S. forces withdrew half of the 6th Fleet from the Mediterranean and drove to the vicinity of the Golden Gate, where they quickly converged with the 7th Fleet.
The shelling of Kinmen has greatly eased tension in the Middle East and promoted the anti-aggression struggle of the people of the Middle East.
The Battle of Kinmen was not a simple artillery battle, but the first large-scale coordinated operation of our army's army, navy and air force.
In this battle, our naval forces mobilized dozens of torpedo boats and gunboats to sabotage the supply lines of the Nationalist army. At the same time, the air force has also been guarding fujian airspace to ensure that the artillery positions will not be invaded by the Nationalist army.
This campaign has provided valuable experience for our army's modern mode of operation.
It is not just a military operation, but also a political game.
In December 1954, the Kuomintang and the U.S. government signed the Mutual Defense Treaty.
It is an attempt to legitimize the US military that has invaded China's waters and use using US power to strike at the mainland and stop the process of peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait.
At that time, New China had just been founded, the country was in ruins to be rebuilt, various undertakings were starting out, and the weapons and equipment of the army were relatively backward. The Platon Army is not good at crossing the sea, and if the US ships obstruct it again, it will form a very unfavorable situation for our country.
The Central Committee is very clear that the reason why the United States is trying to protect the Kuomintang is to keep its interests in East Asia from being damaged, and it is not to unconditionally support the Chiang Kai-shek regime. After clarifying the bottom line of the United States, the chairman formulated this artillery bombardment plan.
After the end of the artillery battle, the national leaders fully analyzed the international situation. Believing that the goal of attacking the nationalist forces had been achieved and that support for the people of the Middle East had been achieved, it was decided to hold an armistice for three days from September 4.
The United States has a little fear of the heavy shelling of the People's Liberation Army. In order to gain superiority in weapons, Lawrence, commander-in-chief of the U.S. Air Force Pacific Command, asked the U.S. government to use nuclear weapons.
After the lessons of the Korean War, Lawrence believed that the United States could not win over the Chinese army if it relied on conventional troops alone. Powerful weapons must therefore be used.
If the Kinmen incident escalates further, nuclear weapons will be used to give priority to attacking the mainland's air bases.
His plan was affirmed by Nathan Twenning, chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Twinning believes that once the PLA launches a large-scale armed operation, then U.S. interests in Asia will inevitably be damaged.
At the same time, he also proposed to drop nuclear weapons on the mainland air bases. In his vision, the U.S. military would carry out a wide-ranging nuclear attack on the mainland.
There are many U.S. military officials who agree with Twenning. Because the United States had mastered the world's top nuclear technology, many American generals at the time believed that in order to complete tactical purposes, nuclear weapons should be dropped on the battlefield.
The plan spread to the United States and caused an uproar at the top of the government.
Some officials pointed out that if the United States carried out a nuclear attack on China, it would inevitably offend the Soviet Union. Because the Soviet Union also successfully tested the first atomic bomb in 1949, breaking the U.S. nuclear monopoly. Once the United States launched a nuclear attack on China, the Soviet Union was bound to come to China's aid. Then, the United States will face a dilemma.
The controversy was sent to U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower, who, after much deliberation, rejected plans to implement nuclear weapons. Eisenhower said the United States could not afford to escalate the war over nuclear weapons, so it would only use conventional weapons in its operations against China.
He then sent air forces into the Far East and told the Joint Chiefs of Staff that no matter how badly Kinmen was beaten, the United States would not use nuclear weapons.
By September, the United States had assembled 60 ships, more than 430 aircraft, and more than 200,000 troops.
In fact, Eisenhower's concerns were justified, as Khrushchev warned the United States after the Battle of the Golden Gate, which was not the only country with nuclear weapons. Therefore, if nuclear weapons are used to threaten other countries, they must bear the consequences of the incident.
Therefore, out of overall considerations, the US side does not dare to act rashly.
But that does not mean that my country is free from the threat of nuclear weapons. If our army continued the war of liberation at that time, the United States would retain the option of using nuclear weapons. As a result, the U.S. Air Force Command received orders that, if the war escalated, B-47 bombers and tactical atomic bombs would be used to attack Xiamen airfield.
The equivalent of this atomic bomb is comparable to that of the Hiroshima atomic bomb.
As can be seen from this top-secret document, the U.S. nuclear strike program has been in a state of war readiness.
In the United States National Archives Bureau, such a list of nuclear targets is recorded. It is clearly stated that if a nuclear war breaks out between the United States and the Soviet Union, American bombers will give priority to which places to attack.
In this list, more than 1,200 bomb drop points are listed. There are 113 bomb drop sites in China, accounting for 10% of the total. The remaining 90% was distributed in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.
But it all ended with the successful testing of the first atomic bomb in 1964.
At present, the relations between the two countries are under a tense confrontation, and in the face of the provocation of the United States, China is fully prepared to resolutely defend its national interests.
Even if the United States were to follow the old path of nuclear blackmail, it would not do anything to us.