【Han Mo Yinghuai】No. 9
Author: Zhang Huadong
(This section is available every Friday at 4pm)
[Editor's note: Zhu Yanzhao, a man in the late Qing Dynasty, grew up poor since childhood, but had great ambitions. He lost his father at the age of nine, and was dependent on his brother, sister and mother for his life, and was sent to the fence. Three years after Xianfeng, 18-year-old Zhu Yanzhao left his hometown with his mother's younger siblings, and his mother died on the way. Later, he was transferred to Luyi, Henan Province, and was adopted as a righteous son by Zhu Qiyuan, a big doorkeeper, and since then he has changed his life, studied hard, and finally became a great instrument. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, he was famous for his "poetry, books and paintings", and he left a large number of works in his lifetime, pen and ink for a lifetime, and his talent was left in the world, which was admired by future generations. 】
Zhu Yanzhao (1832-1919), the character Feixian, the number Of Hongsheng. Born in the twelfth year of Qing Daoguang, died in the 8th year of the Republic of China, a native of Changbaizhuang, fifty miles southeast of Fuyang, he was raised at the end of the Qing Dynasty and was awarded the title of Weihui Scholar of Zhengzhou. The "Chronicle of Fuyang County" said: "The paintings of orchids, bamboo, and stones are strange and strange, and they are fought for by people at the time. The "Chronicle of Funan County" reads: "Poetry, painting and calligraphy were famous in Zhengzhou for a while. I went to Beijing and Tianjin to sell paintings for a living, and every time I painted, the dignitaries and even Japanese merchants competed for it." He is the author of "Vegetable Xiangge Poetry Collection" and "Flying Immortal Travels".
The entire era in which Zhu Yanzhao lived was precisely the era when the Qing government was in decline and eventually overthrew the Qing government. Because this era experienced the turbulent period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the invasion of the Eight-Nation Alliance, internal and external troubles, the people suffered, and the people did not have a good life. As Zhu Yanzhao, who was born in a humble background, his natural life was embarrassing and he suffered in all kinds. When he was nine years old, there was a famine in his hometown, and his father died of illness, leaving him and his brother and sister to live with his mother and send people to the fence. When he was eighteen years old (the third year of Xianfeng), the Twister Army revolted, the soldiers were in chaos, natural disasters and man-made disasters followed, and his mother and their brothers and sisters left their hometown and went out to survive. When she walked to the Spring River Bridge, her mother died. Later, he passed by again and wrote the poem "Heavy Passage and Difficult Land", in which he wrote: "When flesh and bones were thrown here, the horse's hooves collapsed on the old stone bridge." Poor looking back on the love of a thousand miles, makes me sad a road. ”
He fled to Yingzhou with his brother and sister, and when he came to Taihe from Yingzhou, because his sister was weak and had no means to provide for him, he endured the pain of giving his sister to someone as a child bride. Later, he came to Luyi, Henan, and was adopted by the famous family Zhu Qiyuan (Shi Gong) as a righteous son, so that he could take shelter and open a school. This period had a lot to do with his future talents, and his reputation was greatly enhanced because of his rigorous academic discipline and serious teaching. At the age of thirty-two, he passed the Xiucai examination, at the age of thirty-five he took the Chinese examination, at the age of sixty he was appointed as Zhengzhou Xuezheng, and at the age of seventy-nine he was promoted to professor of Weihuifu.
Zhu Yanzhao because of the deep study of calligraphy and painting, and a lifetime of good travel to famous mountains and rivers, often with poetry and painting as a companion, so he created a large number of calligraphy and painting works, and wrote a large number of poetry manuscripts, it can be said that he has no days without poetry, no poetry, no poetry, no poetry everywhere, and ten thousand poems in his life.
Although Zhu Yanzhao was born in a humble background, he had great ambitions, but because he was a poor Confucian, squeezed by the forces of decay, and his life was difficult, how to save the world, so the brave man was difficult to reward, he wrote in the poem: "In the previous life, I was a stone, and I was once the emperor. The sky has been replenished, and the rest is a piece. "Get the boy's generous ambition", "wait until you shake thirty thousand miles", but unfortunately he has the ambition to serve the country.
Fei Xian Gong was disappointed in his meritorious name, but in the late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China was famous for its "poetry, books and paintings". His poems are lyrical, elegant and popular, and mainly reflect the hardships of the people and their own bumpy life, his calligraphy style is unique, the structure of Yan Liu, and most of them benefit the most from He Shaoji's calligraphy style, writing its lush, thick, full of vigor and strength, subtle and free, magnificent. However, his paintings, in the early days, he painted landscapes, flowers and birds, in the middle period, he learned to study mountain stone pine eagles, and in the late period, he mainly painted pictographic stones with ink pastels. He wrote in a picture of eagle stone: "The old man's ambition is always undiminished, and he is engaged in painting materials and poetry. Fen pen wrote out the Dragon Stone, still wanting to take out the rain. The west wind blew out a vulture bird, so it gathered here to correct it. Jian Ling intends to make a plate, and is bound to do it in one fell swoop. ”
When Zhu Yanzhao was in Tianjin, he often sold paintings at the docks for a living, and when selling paintings, he often encountered many foreigners buying his paintings, and he inscribed on the paintings he bought for the Japanese: "Fragrant mountain poetry price heavy chicken forest, good life flow until today." Japan is amorous and partial to buy paintings, and the flying immortal stone crosses the sea and the sky. The Japanese were very happy to get his work, and he also painted a painting for a Japanese general who asked for a painting of a strange stone, with the inscription "It is expensive to write a rugged and rugged, and the honor is invited to come to worship Ren, and the blue sky does not need to be replenished, and the sword will be written." "Expressed his friendship with the Japanese.
Most of his works we see now are his works in his later years, namely ink pictographs. The stones he painted were natural and vivid, skilled with a pen, strange in appearance, old and clumsy. His works are the most prominent to the strange stones, its stones are picturesque like clouds, such as smoke and rain, each strange stone picture work, generally painted with three strange stones, sometimes with orchids, but its strange stones have no similar posture, strange and strange, endless changes, his painting stones also fully reflect the characteristics of thin, transparent, dewy, wrinkled strange stones, the whole work is accompanied by a number of self-composed poems long inscriptions, complement each other, words and paintings are integrated, so when admiring his works, such as entering the fairyland, giving people associations, meaning endless. As his poem goes: "Sitting idly in the wilderness touches the intestines, and spits out peaks and peaks." "Three thousand feet of ruggedness, a cloud of blue sky." His works also truly embody the imposing effect of "falling majestic and suddenly filling the paper". Although there are a few strange stones, there are thousands of rocks, which are controlled between the fingers.
Among the works left by Zhu Yanzhao, there are more than four screens and six screens, with strange stones or orchids. His "Orchid Stone Diagram" strip screen, its structure and chapters are different, strange stone square circle combination, angular, cave clever cloth, exquisite and transparent, matched with orchids, orchid or side, or horizontal, or upside down, or before or after, or reverse or positive, folded leaves changeable, naturally reveal the author's elegant mood and superb painting skills, simple few orchids, free to swing, graceful and colorful, he is also particularly self-congratulatory about his orchids, once inscribed a poem on an orchid map: "An orchid is planted with a pen, not rain and dew bloom at four o'clock." Flowers and leaves, old roots, hateful butterflies do not come. ”
Zhu Yanzhao's painting of stones is very distinctive, in addition to his obvious stone characteristics and unique personality of the chapter, he also has its own unique features in painting stone moss. His method of occupying moss, since childhood, has formed a style, that is, the moss method of grouping "small" characters, which looks like a small bird from a distance, so it is also called "finch moss", which is vivid and lively, sometimes in the middle of the stone crack for the "human" shape, folk called "monk moss", no matter what it is called, but its moss technique is particularly unique, letter brush painting, vivid Vishaw, deeply loved by people.
In our study and appreciation of Zhu Yanzhao's works, it is difficult to see those who have signed the upper paragraph, which is also rare in the works created by calligraphers and painters of all generations, calligraphers and painters often interact with people, give away works, and sign the upper money to show friendship, and Zhu Yanzhao, as a literati in the old times, did not interact with people? Because he was poor and Confucian, he mainly made a living selling paintings, so he did not have the upper money, which was a habit formed by his life.
Zhu Yanzhao left a large number of poems, books and paintings in his lifetime, until he was more than eighty years old, he still worked hard, although he was poor, but the pen and ink accompanied him all his life, and his talent was left in the world and admired by posterity.