At present, the main pleiotropic disease resistance sites on wheat are Lr34/Yr18/Pm38/Sr57 (7DS), Lr27/Yr30/Sr2/Sb3 (3BS), Lr46/Yr29/Pm39/Sr58 (1BL), Lr67/Yr46/Pm46/Sr55 (4DL) and Lr37/Yr17/Sr38 (2AS), which not only resist multiple diseases, but also have long-lasting resistance characteristics. It is an important genetic resource for cultivating resistant and long-lasting disease resistant varieties. However, because the resistance of these sites is partially resistant, the resistance provided by a single site is limited, and it is often necessary to polymerize with multiple disease resistance genes to meet the needs of breeding and production. Due to the complex interplay relationship between genes, not all gene aggregation can produce good disease resistance effect, so clarifying the interaction relationship between different loci has important guiding significance for the rational scientific application of disease resistance genes.
Carberry is a semi-dwarf hard red-grained spring wheat variety cross-bred with Alsen and Superb at swift Current R&D Center in Canada, registered and started production in 2009, with an average annual planting area of more than 2.3 million hectares in 2011-2019. Carberry is highly resistant to wheat leaf rust and stalk rust, and medium to stripe rust. Researchers at swift current R&D center used Carberry and the disease-susceptible cultivar Thatcher (CT) to construct a DH population containing 297 lines to study Carberry's leaf rust resistance. They performed multi-site disease-resistant phenotype identification in DH populations and combined with 90K SNP chip genotype data association analysis to locate a total of nine QTL loci, including the known genes Lr2a, Lr13, Lr16, Lr34 and Lr46. Later, the analysis of QTLNetwork 2.0 software found that there was a positive upper interaction between Lr34 and Lr46, Lr16, and Lr2a, of which the interaction effect between Lr46 and Lr34 was the most significant, and it was stably expressed in multiple environments, which could significantly enhance the resistance of wheat plants (Figure 1). The study was recently published in the journal Frontiers in Plant Science under the title "A Combination of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes, IncludingLr34and Lr46, Is the Key to the Durable Resistance of the Canadian Wheat Cultivar, Carberry."
Figure 1. Gene aggregation effect of leaf rust resistance at the adult stage between different disease resistance genes
Original link:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.775383/full
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