At the end of the lunar year, the last of the twenty-four solar terms, the Great Cold, has quietly arrived. The "Time-granting Tongkao Tianshi" quotes the "Three Rites and Righteous Sects": "The great cold is the middle, and the upper form is in the small cold, so it is called the big ... The reverse pole of the cold is called the great cold. "As the name suggests, great cold means that the weather is extremely cold. What are the characteristics of Henan's great cold festival? Let's go to big data and find the answer...
A dry cold experience of the great cold
Like the big cold and the small cold, they are all festivals that characterize the degree of coldness of the weather, and the saying "the big cold has every year, not in the three or nine in the four nines" is to point out the cold attributes of the big cold. In the cold season, Henan is already in the middle of winter, and it is often affected by the cold air from the south. According to the comparison of meteorological data in the past 30 years, on the cold, although the big cold is slightly inferior to the small cold, ranking second in the list of the coldest of the 24 solar terms, the average temperature of the big cold festival is 1.1 °C, and the average minimum temperature is as low as -3 °C, so the bone-chilling cold is still its killer skill.
In addition to the severe cold, dryness is also a distinctive feature of the great cold festival. The average precipitation in Henan during the perennial cold festival is 4.4mm, which is only 1.3mm more than the snow festival (3.1mm) with the least precipitation. The average relative humidity of the great cold is only 59.5%, and the average minimum relative humidity is as low as 37.8%, which is the lowest in the entire autumn and winter season. Therefore, in the cold season, the weather is cold and dry, while keeping warm, we must not forget to adjust the humidity in the room in a timely manner, and pay special attention to the safety of fire to prevent fire.
Where is the colder in Henan?
"Small cold and cold, frozen into ice balls", the big cold festival, where is the cold "polar region" of Henan? From the perspective of extreme minimum temperature, during the great cold, northern Henan can be described as "cold" pressure crowd, Anyang, Xinxiang, Puyang, Hebi the extreme minimum temperature is below -13 °C, of which the extreme minimum temperature of Hebi is -17.2 °C, which is the first "cold", and the extreme minimum temperature in Puyang, although it appears in the small cold (-17.8 °C), the lowest in the cold season is also -16.9 °C. Shangqiu in eastern Henan is "thriving", with an extreme minimum temperature of -16 °C. The extreme minimum temperature in the central and southern regions is mostly around -14 °C. In addition to the extreme minimum temperature in Jiaozuo and Zhengzhou, which is -9.9 °C, most of the other areas are between -11 and -13 °C, and the chill is also obvious.
The cold season is getting warmer?
The Great Cold Festival is not as cold as it used to be? This is not an illusion. Qian Cheng, a researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and others found that under the background of global warming, the warming amplitude of each solar term is very significant.
Judging from the trend of average temperature changes during the great cold from 1991 to 2020, most cities in Henan are becoming more and more "cold". Taking Zhengzhou as an example, the average temperature of the annual cold festival is less than 1.5 °C, while more than half of the annual average temperature from 2011 to 2020 exceeds 1.5 °C, the average temperature of the zhoukou perennial cold festival is 2.1 °C, and the average temperature of 6 years from 1999 to 2020 is more than twice that of 2.1 °C, of which 2019 and 2020 reached more than 4.3 °C. It seems that in the Henan region today, it takes a little luck to experience the scene depicted in the ancient poem "Frozen Silver Bed in Front of the Steps, Ice Stalactites at the Eaves".
Heavy fog appeared frequently
During the intermittent period of cold air influence, fog and haze often occur in Henan regions, and visibility is low, which can also be verified from the early warning release. During the great cold period in 2020, meteorological stations across the province issued a total of 511 fog warnings and 133 haze warnings, which was one of the best in the early warning category in the same period. And from the average number of warnings issued by meteorological stations across the province from 2018 to 2020, the fog warning ranks first in the early warning during the great cold festival. Moreover, fog most often appears in the night to early morning hours, and friends who leave early and return late need to pay attention to the fog forecast and early warning information in time, and pay attention to traffic safety.
Henan New Year Flavor Atlas
At the end of the year, the great cold is also a turning point from winter to spring, and the fifteen days after the great cold are the spring festival. The cold can kill the vitality of life, but it cannot resist the enthusiasm of people for "busy years", removing old cloth and new cloth, purchasing New Year goods, cooking New Year dishes, and buying new clothes... Always an eternal topic. In the cold and welcoming the New Year, in the busyness full of rituals, the taste of the New Year is getting stronger and stronger; in the continuous renovation of the old, people look forward to a better life; in the joy and joy of the festival, full of expectations for the well-being of the family!
The old snow floes have not disappeared in winter, and the sweeping of things is clean and dusty in the spring
In this windless and cold winter
The xiaoser of heaven and earth could not stop the footsteps of the spring wind
The great cold is the end, but also the starting point
Let's meet us together
Reincarnation of the new year
Spring returns