#Year of the Tiger Entertainment##Unequal Treaties Signed in Modern China##历史的 #
In 1851, in the first year of Xianfeng, the Western colonial powers once again launched an aggressive action against the Qing Dynasty in order to expand their interests in China. The Second Opium War broke out in Xianfeng for six years. In the Xianfeng Decade, in 1860, the British and French combined forces formed a huge invading army, attacked All the way from Tianjin Dagu all the way into Beijing, and arrived at the foot of Beijing in the summer of that year. With the support of the people, the Xianfeng Emperor hurried to Rehe, leaving his brother respectfully Wang Yixin and trying to negotiate with foreigners. The Yuanmingyuan, located on the northwestern outskirts of the capital, was burned down after being looted by the Anglo-French forces and has remained in ruins ever since.
On the first anniversary of the destruction of the Old Summer Palace, the famous French writer Victor Hugo wrote a letter to Captain Butler protesting the looting of the invaders. Without this letter he left to posterity, it would be a lack of historical justice and a lack of human conscience. The letter was included in the records of words and deeds until it was published in 1875, when it was met with the world. That's what the letter says. In one corner of the earth, a wonder of the world appeared. It is called the Old Summer Palace. Almost everything that can be created by the imagination of a particular people is concentrated there. Expect that on marble, bronze and porcelain construct a fantastic world, studded with gemstones, wrapped in silk, here is the temple, there is the harem, behind the castle is the castle, the meaning of the colored glaze is golden blue. Ask the poetic architect to build 1001 dreams for 1001 nights, plus gardens, ponds, fountains, swans, white rings and jade peacocks. Imagine the splendid peach orchard world that people fantasize about one day, two robbers break into the Yuanmingyuan.
One man wantonly robbed and the other set fire to it. Related to this, one has to think of the name Erkin of the Parthenon. What Erkin began to do at the Parthenon, he went to the Old Summer Palace again. This time, he did it more thoroughly and prettier, leaving nothing behind. All in all, all the treasures in our church are not worthy of this magnificent oriental museum. The battle achievements are magnificent and the achievements are brilliant. One winner filled his pocket and the other filled his suitcase. They had to take cover and then return to Europe with laughter. After the Yuanmingyuan was burned down, the coalition forces still refused to retreat. The negotiator had no choice but to sign a humiliating agreement with the Anglo-French coalition.
The main contents are as follows: first, compensation for allied military expenses of 8.002 million pounds, and giving 100,000 pounds to captured British and French soldiers and their families; second, compensation to Niuzhuang, Taiwan's Dengzhou, Chaozhou, Qiongzhou, Jiujiang, Hankou, Zhenjiang and other foreign commercial ports. Envoys from these four countries could live in Beijing and missionaries could visit the mainland. After the treaty was signed, foreigners finally withdrew their troops. In November 1860, when the Anglo-French army occupied Beijing, Tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing, confirming the territorial claims in the 1858 Treaty of Ireland. As a result, China lost about 600,000 square kilometers of land north of the Heilongjiang River and south of the Waixing'an Mountains. Since then, Russia has further annexed China's northwest and northeast regions through a series of unequal treaties.
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