1: The Old Man and the Sea
"The Old Man and the Sea" is the representative work of the American writer 1957 Nobel Prize winner Hemingway, the novel shows a struggling outlook on life, even in the face of the invincible nature, but also to show a spiritual victory, "man is not born for failure, a person can be destroyed, but can not be defeated." Santiago, an old Cuban fisherman, did not catch a single fish for eighty-four days, and at the beginning there was a boy with him, and for forty days, the boy's parents thought that the old man had "poured blood mold" and let the boy follow another boat. But Santiago refused to admit defeat, and finally on the eighty-fifth day he caught a large marlin that was eighteen feet long and weighed fifteen hundred pounds, and the big fish dragged the boat to the depths of the sea, but the old man still held on, even if there was no water, no food, and his left hand was cramping, he was not discouraged, after two days and nights of circling and fighting, he finally killed the big fish and tied it to the side of the boat, but many fierce sharks came to grab his battle, he fought with them, and finally only a broken tiller was left as a weapon. As a result, the big fish still did not escape the fate of being eaten, the old man was exhausted and dragged back a fish skeleton, he returned home and lay on the bed, had to go back to the beautiful years from the dream, in order to forget the cruel reality.
2: "Lamb Fat Ball"
One of the masterpieces of the French realist master Maupassant, the novel takes the Franco-Prussian War as the narrative background, and through the story of ten people from all walks of life in French society at that time fleeing to the port in a carriage, it vividly shows the despicable selfishness of the bourgeoisie in this war and the ugly face of betraying the people. The protagonist of the novel is a prostitute, because of her plump and round body was jokingly called "mutton fat ball", the Franco-Prussian War France was defeated, the lamb fat ball joined the fleeing team, she brought a basket of food on the fleeing carriage, she knew that the superior people in the same car looked down on her, or generously invited everyone to eat her food, the carriage was detained by a Prussian officer in the middle of the carriage, the condition for release was to let the lamb fat ball sleep with him, the lamb fat ball loudly rebuked this shameless person, but the people on the car forced the lamb fat ball to make self-sacrifice for personal safety, When she needed the help of the lamb fat ball, she used all kinds of flowery words to praise her, and the nuns even quoted the story of the Bible to persuade the lamb fat ball to submit, and the lamb fat ball helplessly sacrificed himself to the enemy, and when the carriage was released, the people in the carriage spit and laughed at the fat ball, and finally the carriage blew the "Marseillaise" in Corniday with the cry of the lamb fat ball.
3: Snow Country
"Snow Country" is the representative work of Japanese writer Yasunari Kawabata, winner of the 1968 Nobel Prize, and the beautiful imagery in the work is integrated into the expression of the emotions of the characters, and the faint mourning expresses yasunari Kawabata's thoughts of material mourning. Tokyo's dance art researcher Shimamura, a middle-aged man with a wife and children, he sat on his inheritance and did nothing, once he came to the hot spring inn in the snow country, met the geisha Komako, was attracted by her beauty and simplicity, Komako was born in poverty, in order to make a living, she used to be a waitress in Tokyo, and later returned to her hometown to learn art with the three-string master, sometimes performed at banquets, and later became a geisha in order to treat the son of the three-string master. Although Shimamura and Komako are in a relationship of sale and purchase, Komako's feelings for Shimamura are sincere, and Shimamura believes that they are nothing more than a dew marriage. Shimamura came to snow for the second time, met a man with tuberculosis on the train, his lover Leaf accompanied him from Tokyo to return to Yuzawa by train, their seat was right opposite Shimamura, Shimamura admired the snow at dusk through the window, but saw the beautiful leaves reflected on the window glass, and couldn't help but like this girl. Thus, a delicate emotional relationship was formed between him and the colt and the leaf, and eventually the man died of illness, and in a fire, the leaf jumped off the building and died.
Four: The Great Gatsby
This novel is the representative work of the American writer Fitzgerald, the response after the publication of the novel is flat, but after the author's death, it has received rave reviews and climbed to the top of American literature, first of all, this work vividly reproduces the social atmosphere of the "lively twenties", secondly, it is also one of the earliest literary works to criticize the American dream, and it also advocates people to hold a moral introspection in life. Nick came to the east from his hometown to look for development opportunities, in New York met the rich Gatsby, Gatsby's original name was James Kazben, is a poor peasant boy in North Dakota, he dreamed of being a big man since childhood, after some efforts, he rose step by step, he changed his name to Jay Gatsby, he fell in love with the Southern lady Daisy when he was a lieutenant in the military training camp, but when the war ended when he returned from overseas with a military medal, Daisy had married a stupid boy Tom. Intoxicated with the dream of love, Gatsby worked hard to start a business, from a poor officer to become a millionaire, he bought a luxury villa at the west end of Long Island, across the bay from the Tom couple who lived in the east end, his house was brightly lit every night, hordes of guests drank and indulged, his only wish was to see Daisy, when they were reunited, Gatsby thought that time could be turned back, but over time, he found that Daisy was far from the person of his dreams, but it was not long before he woke up, Daisy drove and killed her husband's mistress, Tom blamed Gatsby, who was eventually killed, and Daisy didn't go to the funeral. Nick saw through the cold cruelty and sinister intentions of the rich in high society, and left New York to return to his midwestern hometown.
5: "Spring Tide"
The russian literary master Turgenev's autobiographical novels have successfully shaped the image of Sanin, a "superfluous man", and the novels show the beautiful emotions of youth, in which the psychological descriptions are meticulous. Russian young Sanin from Italy after traveling to Frankfurt to return to China, in Frankfurt "Rosselli Italian candy shop" met the German girl Gemma, he woke up Gemma fainting brother, in the exchange Gemma and Sanin secretly had a love affair, but Gemma at this time had a marriage contract, the man is a relatively wealthy Crubel, but she found that her fiancé is a hypocritical, selfish and authentic bourgeoisie, she refused to marry him, because she was afraid that the life of the family after the divorce was not settled, the mother cried bitterly, and repeatedly advised her daughter to change her mind. Both were rejected by their daughters. After spending a few days with Sanin, Gemma became attached to him, and during a trip, Gemma was teased by a German officer, who bravely went forward to reprimand the officer and dueled with the captain to maintain the girl's dignity. In order to be able to marry Jema, Sanin goes to borrow money, but is seduced by the beauty of the charming lady Maria, thus ending his relationship with Gemma. Twenty years later, when Sanin returned to his old home, he decided to give his love affair with Gemma to Gemma's daughter as a wedding gift, and at the same time began a new life himself.
Six: "Letter from a Strange Woman"
The novel, one of the masterpieces of the Austrian writer Zweig, was once called an "amazing masterpiece" by Gorky, and the novel is presented in the form of letters, showing the inner world of a low-level woman in detail. The main narrative of the work is a strange woman, in the last moments of her life, full of a lifetime of infatuation, wrote a poignant and touching long letter, to a famous writer to reveal their desperate love, the novel with a woman's most painful experience, wrote the depth and dedication of love.
7: The Outsider
This novel is the representative work of the French writer 1957 Nobel Laureate Camus, the work is written in the style of traditional realism, simple and concise, subtle and introverted, but it provides a novel and sensitive feeling for modern taste and cultural circles. After meursault, an employee of the company, learned of his mother's death, he rushed to the nursing home to mourn his mother, he did not want to see her mother's remains, and there was no sadness and pain during the funeral. The day after his mother's burial, he went to the beach to swim, met his former colleague Mary, the two of them watched a movie after swimming, that night Mary spent the night at his residence, Mary asked him if he would like to marry her, he said that she wanted to get married. Meursault had a neighbor named Raymond, he was beaten by his mistress's brother and asked Meursault to write a letter to scold his mistress, Meursault complied, Raymond and his mistress fought, alarmed the police, Raymond asked him to go to the police station to testify, he also went, one day, Raymond's brother brought a group of Arabs to take revenge, during a fight on the seashore Raymond was stabbed in the arm, he handed the pistol to Meursault, Meursault did not know whether to shoot, in a daze fired five shots at the Arabs who stabbed Raymond. Morceau was arrested on charges of murder, and he was unwilling to confess to God as the judge wanted, and the case dragged on again and again, and finally sentenced him to death on the grounds that his mother was not sad about her death and that he was messing with the relationship between men and women. Mossol's various behaviors seem absurd and inhumane, but in fact, they are the weapons he uses to fight against this absurd world, and Camus fully reveals the absurdity of the world and the antagonism between man and society through his calm portrayal of Meursault, a typical character.
VIII: The Troubles of Young Werther
"The Troubles of Young Werther" is a representative work of the Novel by the German poet and writer Goethe, the novel is presented in the form of a diary, young Werther lives a free middle-class life by relying on his father's inheritance, once Witt travels to a remote mountain village, at the ball, he met the daughter of the local judge, Luti, and suddenly fell in love with her, although Luti has long been engaged, but he is very devoted to Witt, at night Witt often dreams of Luti sitting next to him, but wakes up in the morning to find himself alone, he decided to leave the mountain village, after returning to the city, Witt became a secretary in the legation, the minister's pedantry and bureaucratic vices, as well as the deceitful interpersonal relations at that time brought Great pain to Witt, he resigned from public office and was invited to the manor of a marquis, but the talent in the marquis was still unable to be exercised, because he could not forget The Green Ti, he came to the mountain village again, the scenery of the mountain village was still the same, but the personnel was completely wrong, Luti was married, and the kind villagers were miserable one by one. The day before Christmas, he came to Luti, and he recited Osion's lament to Luti, while hugging her tightly, and two days later, he left a suicide note that he could not bear to read, and ended his life with a pistol, and also ended his troubles.
Nine: "The Red Letter"
"The Red Letter" is the representative work of the American writer Hawthorne, an important work of romantic and psychoanalytic novels, and the pioneering work of American symbolism. England woman Hester Brandland is beautiful and dignified, married to the scholar Gillingwolth, the husband decided to immigrate to Boston, the United States, he let his wife take the first step to deal with the unfinished business, to the United States Hester waited for her husband for more than a year, without any news, thinking that he had been buried in the sea, she fell in love with the young priest Ding Messdale in loneliness and loneliness, and gave birth to the girl Jewel, after the incident, she was sentenced by the Puritan court to wear a red A character indicating adultery on the chest to show the public humiliation, although DingMeisdale was not exposed, But inside he was deeply remorseful and fearful all the time. After Qilingwos sneaked to North America, in order to retaliate, he hid next to Dinmesdale and tortured him day and night with a cruel spirit, causing Dinmesdale to die of exhaustion after revealing that he was Jewel's biological father. The most important artistic feature of the novel is the natural, delicate and realistic psychological description.
10: The Captain's Daughter
"Captain's Daughter" is a masterpiece of the russian poet and writer Pushkin's short life, the novel is based on the personal ups and downs of the young officer Grynov, reproducing the pugachev uprising, which is in full swing in Russian history, and also showing the strength of love. Retired Lieutenant Colonel Andrey asked his son Peter Griniov to become a soldier, and on the way to Orenburg by the butler Saveridge, Peter's sleigh sailed toward a "desert-like wasteland", and suddenly a blizzard blew, they lost their way, and in the blizzard a stranger appeared, Peter asked him to be a guide, the man jumped on the sleigh, took them to a hostel, Peter bought him wine to drink as a token of gratitude, and the next day when he left, he gave him his rabbit skin jacket. Arriving in Orenburg, the general who was acquainted with his father sent him to the White Mountain Fortress as an officer, the commander of the fortress, Captain Kuzmich, was a tough old soldier, his wife Vasilisa Yegolovna assisted her husband in managing the fortress, they had a daughter named Maria Ivanovna (Masha), the day after Peter came, the captain invited him to dinner, thus getting acquainted with the family, and there was an officer in the fortress, Schwablin, who was pursuing Martha, and soon Peter and Martha became close and fell in love with each other. One day Peter wrote a love poem to Schwablin, the other party sarcastically ridiculed him, and ridiculed him for falling in love with Martha, they evolved from verbal quarrels to duels, in the duel Peter who was already dominant was distracted by Savvablin due to Savirich came to stop him, the injured Peter was treated at the captain's house, Martha carefully cared for him, which further enhanced the feelings between them, Peter wrote to his father, asking his parents to agree to him marry Martha, but the father knew that he had no consent to the duel, Martha said that if he could not get the blessing of his parents, She wouldn't marry him. In October 1773, Pugachev led a serf and Cossack uprising in southern Russia, and after a victorious victory, he was going to attack the White Mountain Fortress, because there was no reinforcement, the White Mountain Fortress was captured, Schwablin surrendered, the captain and his wife preferred to die and were hanged, when it was time to execute Peter, Savirich came forward to ask for help, only to recognize Pugachev as the one who led the way for Peter to give the rabbit skin jacket, Pugachev remembered the old feelings and released Peter, Martha hid in the priest's house to escape the disaster. Peter went to Orenburg to move his troops, without the support of the general, Pugachev led the army to besiege Orenburg, Peter went to meet the battle, accidentally got a letter from Martha, Schwablin wanted to force her to marry, Peter asked the general to send troops to rescue, but the general did not agree, Peter only broke into the White Mountain Fortress alone, Pugachev learned the truth, decided to complete Peter and Martha, Peter asked Savirich to send Martha to his parents, he joined Zurin's troops and rebels to fight. After the failure of the Pugachev Uprising, Peter was tried for collaborating with the enemy and leaving his post without permission, sentenced to lifelong exile, Martha, as the daughter of a captain, went to Petersburg to ask Empress Catherine II, cleared Peter of his guilt, so the Empress ordered Peter's release, and Martha and Peter eventually entered the palace of marriage.
11: La Traviata
Through the love tragedy of a prostitute, the work exposes the rotten words of the upper class life of the French July Dynasty, and makes a bloody and tearful indictment of the hypocritical morality of the aristocratic bourgeoisie. The story of "La Traviata" takes place in Paris, the prostitute Margaret in the city because of the appearance of the flower moon, the noble princes of Paris rush to chase, became a popular "social star", because of the costume is always indispensable to a bouquet of camellias and called "La Traviata", Margaret due to lung disease, when receiving mineral spring treatment, met a beautiful-looking noble lady, miss is lung disease three stages, soon died of illness, miss father Duke Jurardy found that Margaret is very similar to his daughter, he accepted her as a dry daughter, The Duke promised that if she could change her past life, he would bear all her daily expenses, but Margaret could not do it completely, and the Duke cut the money in half, so that Margaret could not make ends meet with the debt, and the son of the Commissioner of Revenue, Mr. Dival, Pursued her sincerely and frantically, he told the Traviata that he was still treasured by the button she had lost six months ago, and Margaret's already thin heart was once again moved with true feelings, and she gave Armand a camellia flower, with a heart, after some twists and turns, Marguerite and Armand rented a house outside Paris, the Duke knew, cut off Marguerite's financial resources, she only pawned her own gold and silver jewelry and carriages to pay for the cost of living, but this love was blocked by Armand's father, Dival wrote a letter to trick Armand to leave, and then found Marguerite, saying that because of her identity, his daughter will face resignation, Margaret begged Dival, if she wanted to sever her relationship with Armand, it would be equivalent to her life, but Dival did not back down, In the end, Margaret had no choice but to give up for the sake of her lover's future and the reputation of the family, wrote a letter to Armand, returned to Paris to return to her old business, she accepted the pursuit of Baron Valvelle, the other party helped her pay off all debts, redeemed the jewelry and carriage, Armand painfully returned to his hometown with his father. But Armand still misses Marguerite, and he comes to Paris in despair, determined to get revenge on Margaret's "betrayal", he finds Margaret, embarrasses her everywhere, scolds her for having no conscience, sells love as a commodity, and the resentment of her lover makes Margaret, who originally suffers from tuberculosis, terminally ill. Before dying, the creditors came to the door to force the debt, the executor was ordered to execute the judgment, confiscated all her property, only to wait for the auction after death, on the occasion of death, she kept shouting Armand's name, but she never saw her beloved, when Armand returned to Paris, Margaret's neighbors handed him a copy of Margaret's diary, from which Armand knew her noble heart, and had infinite remorse in her heart, but by this time Margorite had passed away with regret and loneliness, like a camellia and died like a meteor. Armand was dedicated to margaret's burial and placed white camellia flowers in front of her grave.
XII: Eugenie Grande
"Eugenie Grande" is one of the masterpieces of the French realist master Balzac, the novel tells a story of money destroying humanity and causing family tragedy, reflecting the social situation in France at that time, exposing the erosion and destruction of money on people's minds. There was a rich Mr. Grantaire in the western city of Somo, he was very miserly, the family did not buy vegetables and meat all year round, these were sent by tenants, bread was made by the maid Na Nong, in the cold winter did not make a fire for warmth, usually withheld the pocket money of his wife and daughter, he did the barrel business, speculation never failed, everyone in the district suffered his losses. Eugenie is his only daughter, one day is her birthday, scrambling to offer her courtesy to Crosch and Mr. Pengfeng gave gifts, the miserly ghost naturally knows, this day Eugenie's cousin Charles came from Paris, because his father went bankrupt and committed suicide, he asked his uncle to help deal with his father's inheritance and debts, Granté pushed that there was something inseparable, let Crosch and the banker help, the cunning Croche did not intervene, and the banker Grassan promised to go to Paris in order to please Grande, he repaid part of the debt to the creditors, The remaining as planned has been delayed for a long time. Instead of spending a penny, Grantaire used bankers to buy and sell public bonds in Paris, making a fortune. Charlie decides to go to India to do business, and before leaving, Eugenie gives him her savings, and Charlie leaves her mother's dresser as a souvenir, and the two vow to make a private lifelong alliance. Soon After Grantaire found out that his daughter had given the gold coin to Charlie, he was furious and imprisoned her, his wife was frightened and sick, seeing that his wife's time was short, Grantai took the initiative to make peace with his daughter, and as soon as his wife died, he asked her daughter to sign a document to renounce her mother's inheritance. A few years later, Grande died, Eugenie inherited 17 million francs, became the richest man in the local area, the suitors were endless, but she was obsessed with Charlie, and Charlie, who had made a windfall overseas with despicable means, had long forgotten the agreement, Eugenie knew that after she was abandoned, she married Pengfeng in a negative spirit, but kept her child, and helped Charlie pay off the debt, Charlie knew that Eugenie became a huge rich man and regretted it, Eugenie became a widow at the age of 33, so the people of the city began to launch a love offensive against her.
XIII: Pastoral Symphony
One of the "Moral Trilogy" of the French writer 1947 Nobel Laureate Gide (The Betrayer, The Narrow Door, And Pastoral Symphony). Also Gide's masterpiece, the novel shows the rich human connotation of the characters through the story of a priest and a blind girl. The village priest went to Mass for the old lady who died in the parish, saw the blind niece of the deceased in her teens alone, and decided to take her home to raise her, although she was opposed by his wife Amelie, but still insisted, and gradually the whole family accepted the blind girl, the priest accepted the suggestion of her daughter Charlotte, named the blind girl Kitrud, the girl could not speak, the mind was in a state of ignorance, the priest designed a set of educational programs, but found that the blind girl was still slow and pure, expressionless, and defensive attitude towards anyone. She screamed when someone spoke to her, and when she ate, she was as greedy as an animal, and the priest gradually lost faith. The pastor's friend Mardan saw the blind girl, thought that he should not lose confidence, from the beginning to teach, and to teach her repeatedly like a child, the pastor accepted the advice, with the unimaginable patience of ordinary people, carefully taught Kitrud, this enlightenment education consumed a lot of time of the pastor, was rebuked by his wife, the kung fu did not pay off, Kitrud's first smile on his face gave him great comfort and great joy, the priest began to take the blind girl to the outdoors, let her feel the freshness and beauty of nature, the blind woman took the initiative to ask questions, Began to have the desire to learn, the priest also learned Braille for this, with the help of his son Jacques, the blind girl made great progress, the priest also took her to the concert, a Beethoven's "Pastoral Symphony" made the blind girl intoxicated for a long time, in order to cultivate the blind girl's interest in music, the priest took her to the church to learn to play the organ, Jacques returned home from summer vacation, concealed that his father also took the blind girl to the church to teach her to practice, the priest knew and accused the son of not disturbing the blind woman's pure heart, Jacques confessed that he fell in love with Kitrude, and planned to marry her, The priest is determined to prevent this marriage, he asks Jacques to travel according to the original plan, Jacques reluctantly agrees, at this time the priest has changed from the initial love for the blind girl to a fiery love, he often accompanies the blind woman, gradually the blind woman has an attachment and admiration for him, through the introduction of friends, the priest took the blind girl to find an ophthalmologist for treatment, after the operation the eye has vision, when Jacques came to see her, she found that the person she loved was not the priest but Jacques. A few days after being discharged from the hospital, Gitrud deliberately fell into the river while walking by the river to pick flowers, and since Jacques could not marry as a cleric, she also recognized the hypocrisy and selfishness of the priest to break them both. Two days later, Kittrud finally died of fruitless healing.
14: "Mountain Sound"
"Mountain Tone" is a representative work of Yasunari Kawabata's late creation, starting from this novel, he gradually transforms the main object of the narrative into a male, Odachi Shingo is getting older and older, he falls into an irrepressible depression, he has a fear of the sound of the wind blowing through the mountain, thinking that this is a sound of death, but he has no object to talk to, his wife Hoko is the sister of his adolescent fescine, he married Hoshiko just to find a little shadow of his sister, but reality disappointed her, there is no common language between them, Almost a stranger living under the same roof; son Shuichi has experienced war and witnessed the fragility and smallness of life, he blindly spends time and wine, picking flowers and weeds; his daughter's house takes the child back to her mother's house and does not leave, and the language is mean and rude; daughter-in-law Kikuko is the only consolation for Shingo's almost desolate emotional world, the initial good feeling for Kikuko is because she looks like a sister, but in the end it is Kikuko herself who makes Shingo crazy, whether it is the fit of the heart or the softness of the character, and the inherent charm of the young body. It is a great attraction to Shingo, not to mention the aging of his body, and the identity of the two people alone is an insurmountable gap.
Fifteen: "Ah Xia"
Every work of the literary master Turgenev is the result of his insight into society and deep thinking, and even in the face of love he has an amazing ability to penetrate the essence of love. "Ah Xia" is Turgenev's 1857 work, telling the love story of two young people who meet in a foreign country, Ah Xia is the illegitimate daughter of a rich landlord and a female serf, after the death of the female serf, the landlord takes Ah Xia back to raise, after the death of her father, her half-brother takes her on a trip to a foreign country, in the small German town of Zinchiger Mineral Spa, Ah Xia and Ni Ni meet each other, they love each other at first sight, when Ah Xia offered to date him and confess his feelings to him, he was stunned, Because of Ah Xia's fiery personality, life, and education, he finally retreated. Asha's self-esteem is hurt, she decides to say goodbye to him, and when Nini realizes that he has passed by happiness, he blames himself, regrets it, and pursues it. In the work, Ni Ni's attitude and way of dealing with Axia's love are very metaphorical, and it is a true portrayal of the cultural mentality of Russian aristocratic intellectuals in the period of social transformation.
Sixteen: Metamorphosis
Kafka uses a unique artistic tone to recreate the art of human transformation with symbolic techniques, so that the work presents an absurd and incredible tone. The absurd story of the protagonist becoming a beetle reflects the reality that the world is only interested in profit, worships money, disdains true humanity, and is finally squeezed and deformed by society, reflecting the real social life under the capitalist system. Samsa is a traveling salesman for a company who spends years on the go, supporting the family's expenses, and when Samsa is able to support his meager family with a meager salary, he is the respected eldest son in the family, his parents praise him, and his sister loves him. When one day he became a beetle, lost his labor force, and made no material contribution to the family, the family reversed the previous attitude of respect for him, and gradually showed a cold, disgusted, and hateful face, his father beat him with an apple viciously, his mother fainted in fright, his sister hated him, and gradually Samsa was far away from society, and finally died alone and painfully in hunger.
Seventeen: The Apple Tree
"Apple Tree" is one of the representative works of the British writer Golsworth, who wrote a moving love tragedy with lyrical brushstrokes and delicate and sincere psychological portrayals. Escherst and his wife Stella went to the place where they first met to celebrate their silver wedding anniversary, but unexpectedly found their lover Meghan's grave of suicide and martyrdom, the unforgettable love scene appeared in front of his eyes, when Esherst and his friends went on an outing with a leg injury recurred, had to find a farmhouse to spend the night, just happened to meet the beautiful country girl Meghan, the two fell in love at first sight, they made a promise under the apple tree, and later when Esherst went to Torquay to take money to buy clothes for Meghan, Encountering the quiet and elegant rich lady Xiu Stella, I suddenly felt that Megan was a humble village girl, although simple and cute, but ignorant and crude, so she transferred her affection and abandoned Megan as if she were walking. Asherst married Stella, who was the opposite of the door, and the infatuated girl looked at it, did not wait for her sweetheart to return to her side, and finally threw herself into the water. Before Esherst revisited the old land, he did not know that megan was martyred for him. In this novel, the author criticizes the hypocritical, narrow, and superficial order of the main head of capital by shaping typical characters in a typical environment.
XVIII: Contemporary Heroes
"Contemporary Hero" is the representative work of the Russian poet and writer Lermontov, the novel consists of five separate stories, and five stories are connected through the protagonist Bi Qiaolin, the first two are "Bella" and "Maxim Maxim Meche", and the last three are Bi Qiaolin's diary parts, consisting of "Taman", "Miss Duke Meili", and "Fatalist". The focus of the novel is on the second part, using Bi Qiaolin as the first-person narrative method, which shows more of the inner world of the protagonist. Whether it is the abduction and abandonment of the prince's daughter Bella in the fortress, the scene between Taman and the smuggler's enchanting daughter, the hypocrisy of the Duke's beautiful daughter in the Caucasus, or the coldness and cruelty in the duel with the officer Gorushnitsky, it is a multi-faceted embodiment of the image of Bi Qiaolin's type of "superfluous person", this human trait of "good man" and "villain" is the two selves of Bi Qiaolin's character image, one is the "evil" self in the complicated real society. One is the self that "eliminates evil" after "doing evil" in life, both of which are real, tangible and palpable, and invisible without losing the meaning of actions and thoughts because of their potentiality. The revelation of the two sides of the protagonist's soul makes this novel more pure, profound, more impactful and shocking than the ordinary "superfluous" novel.
19: "White Night"
The uniqueness of this novel lies in the depiction of the subtle changes in the hearts of the characters, and also in the precise grasp of the heroine's wandering between friendship and love. This is a story that takes place in Petersburg, the beautiful girl Naskinka and the blind grandmother are dependent on each other, the grandmother in order to discipline her, every day with a pin to tie their skirts together, in order to subsidize the family, the grandmother rented out the attic, soon, Naskinka and the young tenant fell in love, they privately decided to live forever and agreed to meet after a year, but on the appointed day, the lover did not appear, the disappointed girl fell on the railing by the river and cried sadly, just happened to be met by a "fantasist" who was full of longing for love. In order to help the girl get rid of the villain's entanglement, the "fantasist" decided to send the girl home, they agreed to meet at the railing the next night, the frankness of the "fantasist" made the girl open her heart, she poured out her emotional experience to the "fantasist", the kind "fantasist" was full of sympathy for her, and found a point of convergence similar to her own situation from her encounter, in a complex mood full of pity and contradictions, the "fantasist" fell in love, and the fourth night the girl thought that she had been abandoned and cried desperately, at this time The "fantasist" finally plucked up the courage to court her, but the girl still loved the tenant, the "fantasist's" love was frustrated, he decided to leave immediately to alleviate her pain, but the girl wanted him to stay, she felt abandoned by the tenant, the inner love for him was gradually disappearing, in the face of the "fantasist's" sincere love, she felt that her love was gradually shifting, she fell on the shoulder of the "fantasist" and wept, they agreed that the "fantasist" would move to her house tomorrow to become her tenant, they envisioned a better future, they held hands She was close to him, and when a young man came to them, the lover that Naskinka had been thinking about day and night, she broke free from the arms of the "fantasist" and threw herself into the arms of her lover with ecstasy. The brief heart-to-heart exchanges and collisions between the two of them for four nights finally became eternal.
20: "The Obsessed Fiameda"
Italian Renaissance poet and novelist Boccaccio is famous for his "Decameron", his novel "Infatuated Fiameda" is based on its own emotional experience, with Fiameda as the narrative subject, through the writing of poetic language, subtly expressing the inner emotional world of Fiameda, Fiameda was born in a rich family, she was born beautiful and moving, and when she grew up, she chose a Ruyi Langjun as a partner among many suitors, and once went to the church, she met a handsome young man Banfilus, The two fell in love at first sight, they frequently met to taste the heat and sweetness of love, because Banfilus's father was sick, he wanted to go to another city to visit his father, but did not rush back at the agreed time, the infatuated Fiameda anxiously waited for the beloved to be able to return to his side immediately, once she accompanied several women to the church to pray, met a jeweler, when selecting jewelry, Fiameda knew that the merchant came from the city of Benfilus, and a woman who accompanied him inquired about Banfrus, Told that Benphilus was recently married, the woman fell into extreme grief, Fiameda knew that she was deceived by her lover, and slowly lost weight in anger, pain and longing, her husband accompanied her on trips to relax, the valleys, woods and beaches were so familiar, the place where she used to spend a good night with her lover touched her, and she fell into the abyss of bitter love...
Of these twenty novels, in terms of length, "Lamb Fat Ball" is the shortest, about 24,000 words, followed by "Letter from a Strange Woman" of about 25,000 words, close to the length of the short story; the longest is "La Traviata", about 126,000 words, followed by "The Red Letter" and "Contemporary Hero", about 120,000 words, close to the length of the long story, it can be seen that there is no necessary connection between the achievement of classics and capacity. There are many more classics that are not included above, such as Turgenev's "First Love", Yasunari Kawabata's "Kyoto", "A Thousand Cranes", Mérime's "Kalman", "Kolomba", "Il's Venus", Dostoevsky's "Poor", Thomas Mann's "Death in Venice", Jack London's "Call of the Wild", Orwell's "Animal Farm", Conrad's "Dark Heart", Zweig's "The Story of Chess", Camus's "Fall" and so on.