Making dumplings in the canteen of the elderly, the elderly find happiness together. Zhongfang Daily reporter Chen Logo/Photo
Open the bar
For Chinese, the year is a warm word, no matter how busy the work, they must rush back to their hometown to eat a reunion dinner with their relatives, and at this time scale of the year, they also record the profound changes in the country and society. Since January 17, China Real Estate News has opened a column of "2022 New Year walking to the grassroots", telling the story of the reporters of this newspaper going deep into the frontline of the grassroots, going deep into the lives of the masses, and going deep into enterprise production, capturing the touching stories and shots that warm people's hearts, feeling the strong pulse of the development of the times, listening to the sonorous footsteps of the big countries moving forward, gaining insight into the enterprising forces behind the beautiful life, and disseminating the strength and achievements of the real estate industry in the progress and development of the national economy and the people's beautiful life.
Xu Fanlin, Zhang Zhiqiang, reporter of Zhongfang Bao, Guo Jiahao, and Chen Zhao reported from Shanghai, Changchun, and Haikou
Sunny terraces, melodious and light music, slowly fluttering curtains, aromatic coffee. Recently, the "Elderly Daohua Coffee House" in Xinchang Town, Pudong, Shanghai, was opened, which is located in the Community Comprehensive Service Center of Xinchang Town, and is open to the elderly aged 60 or above with household registration in Xinchang Town free of charge.
The Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger is approaching, and the streets of the city are already full of lights, and the strong New Year flavor is coming. Aunt Zhang also pulled the good sister Aunt Pan over to the elderly Daohua Coffee House to "punch in": "Here is very good, sofa card seat, phonograph sound, here you can drink free coffee, chat with three or five friends, comfortable." ”
Aunt Pan, who is 78 years old, is still in good spirits, and the reporter learned that she is not only a guest of the coffee house, but also a volunteer who often comes to the community comprehensive service center to help, planning to participate in baking in the future. "My lover is not in good health, and I took him to the old age daycare downstairs before, which is very convenient and reassuring." Aunt Pan said: "The elderly should participate in more community activities, which not only enriches their lives, but also makes us have a sense of pride that shines again."
"Four inseparable": a new model of shanghai original pension
Old people watch show performances. Courtesy of Shanghai Elderly Assistance Center
Shanghai has always been one of the regions with the highest degree of "aging" in the country. According to the data of the seventh national census released by the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Statistics on May 18, 2021, the permanent population of Shanghai is 24.8709 million, of which 5.8155 million are aged 60 or above, accounting for 23.4%, and the degree of "aging" of the population has further deepened.
On the thorny social issue of old-age care, Shanghai focuses on the breakthrough of community old-age service, taking "embedded layout, open operation" as the path, and on the basis of "home-based, community-based, institutional support, and medical care combination", the public housing scattered in the community has accumulated, adapted to local conditions and local materials, and broken through the problem of old-age care in the aging population.
The new model of "original residence" pension is one of the characteristics. Huangqiao Village in Songjiang District belongs to the traditional pure agricultural area, and the elderly population accounts for 35.67% of the village, and the aging problem is more serious. Since 2018, Huangqiao Village has implemented a rural homestead reform project, allowing villagers to "translate" from dilapidated old houses to comfortable new homes. At the same time, it also creates public service facilities such as happy old people's villages, cherry blossom squares, leisure trails, fitness facilities for the elderly, and fundamentally improves the living environment of the elderly.
"We don't have to go out of the village to live a happy old age, and the more we elderly live, the more wonderful it is." Aunt Tang, 63, said that her living condition is the result of Songjiang District's exploration of a new model of "original residence" for the elderly.
"In the past, we lived in an old house built in the 1980s, which leaked out when it rained, and now we all live in small villas and have access to natural gas." Aunt Tang pointed to her white-walled deva building, and her joy overflowed into words.
Jiuting Town is one of the pilot towns in Songjiang District for "Home Environment Aging Transformation", and the staff involved in the aging transformation of the Summer Palace residential area said: "The elderly are older and have mobility problems, and some humanized facilities can help their daily living."
Do not leave home, do not leave the soil, do not leave the hometown, do not leave the village can live a happy old age, as the "original residence" pension model of the most typical demonstration of Huangqiao Village, Jiuting Town Summer Palace residential area, was rated as "2021 National Demonstration Elderly Friendly Community".
The valuable experience of The community embedded pension service pioneered in Shanghai is that it combines the different regional characteristics of the central urban area and the rural area, explores the community embedded pension and community mutual assistance pension model, and walks out of a new road of "Shanghai model" for the elderly in China's big cities.
Changchun: The big canteen relieves the worry of eating
The elderly in the Lanzhou community pension base eat at noon. Zhang Zhiqiang/Photo
Aunt Wang, 73, is very satisfied with the community's large canteen.
"With this big canteen, life is now convenient." Aunt Wang said happily that this really solved a big problem for me.
The big canteen that Aunt Wang said is the canteen of a pension base in lanzhou community in Changchun City. This pension base is a pension service complex built by Changchun Xingshou Home Care Service Center, which integrates day care, love supermarket, physiotherapy rehabilitation, housekeeping service, and elderly education. At the end of August 2021, after nearly 5 months of preparation, the large canteen for the elderly in the pension base opened for business, providing meal assistance services for the elderly and providing Lunch and dinner for community residents.
At the end of 2020, the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Elderly Care Services, proposing 23 policy measures, clearly pointing out that it is necessary to support the opening up of space in community comprehensive service facilities for "one old and one small" services, and explore allowing vacant public rental housing to be provided free of charge to social forces for them to carry out services such as meal assistance, day care, rehabilitation nursing, and elderly education for the elderly in the community.
Lanzhou community pension base is located in Changchun Economic and Technological Development Zone Shiyan Street Xinxingyu and Yi C district, here was originally the lanzhou community office, in March 2021, the community moved away after the here was vacated, Changchun Xingshou home care service center as a social organization stationed here, the community provided free pension housing, after approval will be transformed into a pension base.
The pension base has day care, love supermarket, physiotherapy rehabilitation, housekeeping service money, and now a new meal assistance service has been added - the large canteen for the elderly at home. The sense of gain of the masses has increased again.
Wang Lijuan, head of the pension base, said that the large canteen for the elderly at home adopts the form of buffet to let the elderly eat well. For the elderly over 81 years old, the fee is 10 yuan; the age of 71-80 years old, the fee is 12 yuan; the 61-70 years old, the fee is 13 yuan. If community residents want to come to dinner, members charge 16 yuan and non-members charge 17 yuan.
When the reporter chatted with Aunt Wang, who was eating, she learned that she is 73 years old this year, her children are working hard in other places, and she is usually the only one in the family. Aunt Wang said that in the past, she always wanted to "deal with" a bite at home, and it was a pity that the meal she made the day before could not be eaten and thrown away, so she could only put it in the refrigerator and take it out hot the next day to eat it, always eating leftovers. Now with this people's canteen is much more convenient, the daily meals are not repetitive, clean and hygienic, "really solved a big problem for me."
Wang Lijuan said that their pension base model was founded in September 2015, and 6 pension service points have been established so far, and in order to continue to operate for a long time, they have been moving forward in "small profits".
Wang Lijuan told reporters that the housing provided by the community has saved them some costs.
For what problems need to be solved in the process of old-age services, Wang Lijuan said that there are now some government purchase of old-age service projects, such as qualified elderly people can enjoy 200 yuan domestic service consumption coupons, but need to be bid by old-age service institutions, she hopes that government departments can simplify the process and let good policies really land.
The reporter learned from the Lanzhou community that at present, the community regards strengthening the leadership of party building as a red line, taking "party building + property" as the cornerstone of the construction of "red heart property" services, and cooperating with the units, properties, social organizations and volunteer alliances in the district to jointly create a new situation of harmonious home in which the masses solve problems, help the people in difficulty, and cooperate with volunteer service teams.
Haikou: Build a 15-minute pension service circle
The process of community volunteers cutting hair for the elderly is also a process of communication. Zhongfang Daily reporter Chen Logo/Photo
In the "Elderly Canteen" in the Chengdong Community of Qiongshan District, Haikou City, a group dumpling competition, 76-year-old Lin Weixing and his wife were divided into a group.
This native of Hainan", the "grandfather", at first seemed to be a little difficult to adapt to the noodles in the north, and the dumplings he wrapped were "stuffed with less stuffing and large skin", and the glue was not firm, "exposing the filling", amusing his companions.
There are currently 56 "canteens for the elderly" like this in the main urban area of Haikou, which basically forms a full coverage of the main urban area. The "canteen for the elderly" has become a form of community pension in Haikou City.
Haikou City entered an aging society in 2002 and is the city and county with the largest elderly population in Hainan Province. According to statistics, by the end of 2020, the number of elderly people aged 60 and above in Haikou City will reach 299,700, accounting for 15.81% of the city's total registered population. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the trend of aging, aging and empty nesting in Haikou will be further intensified, and the construction of the social security system and the construction of the social pension service system will face certain pressure.
At the Jinshan Grand Community Integrated Service Center located on the second floor of the longhua district library in Haikou City, although the reporter did not catch up with the dining time of the "elderly canteen", the neat canteen and simple interior decoration left a deep impression on the reporter.
"The canteen is a card dining system, which mainly serves the elderly group aged 60 and above, and is divided into yellow card (ordinary card), green card (preferential care object) and red card (special hardship household), corresponding to different groups of people." Huang Yan, head of the Hainan Friendship Social Work Agency, told reporters that the standard meal fee of "four dishes and one soup" is 16 yuan, which is composed of "government subsidies + operating agencies to let profits + personal expenses", holding a green card to eat at 3 yuan per meal, and the red card meal is free.
"In October 2020, the Jinshan Grand Community Comprehensive Service Center was opened to the public, and the service center radiated more than 100,000 people from 7 surrounding communities, and the 'canteen for the elderly' is only one of the contents of community services." Huang Yan told reporters that the entire service center covers an area of more than 850 square meters, with day care rooms (beds), massage chair rooms and other leisure places for the elderly.
The reporter saw in the interview that Ms. Lin, 50 years old this year, gave up the business at hand and went to the Chengdong community to volunteer. Ms. Lin, who looks much younger than her actual age, told reporters with a smile that as a volunteer, on the one hand, she can help community services do something, on the other hand, she can also feel the life of the elderly in advance. Lin Hong, who also volunteers in the community, is a hairdresser who has been volunteering in Hainan for 13 years to cut hair for the elderly in the community.
They do the same thing as many community volunteers: not only to do something for the elderly as much as they can, but more importantly, to chat with the elderly and lala's homely "psychological care".
Huang Yan told reporters that the treatment of community pension social workers is generally too low, and many young people are reluctant to do this line. "Out of dedication and love for my profession, I have been in this industry since I graduated from my social work major." Huang Yan told reporters, but young people also have to return to reality, every day to bear the huge pressure of living expenses such as rent, water and electricity, food and social life.
"Home care" is currently in Hainan or the way of public pension, but for the elderly with disability and dementia how to provide for the elderly, Xu Lei, general manager of Hainan Aizhijia Pension Service Co., Ltd., said, "We have been engaged in pension services in Hainan for 20 years, and in these 20 years, we have served about 5,000 elderly people, most of whom are elderly people with disability and dementia, and feel particularly deeply." Xu Lei believes that for the elderly with better physical conditions, home care is better, and now "smart pension" has provided a more convenient way to stay at home. However, for the elderly with disability and dementia, Xu Lei believes that it is more appropriate to "institutional pension". Xu Lei suggested that commercial insurance should be open to social pension institutions "special accident insurance", because the elderly with disability and dementia are more likely to have accidents.
Some of the problems mentioned by Huang Yan, Xu Lei and others are also being implemented by local government departments one by one.
"At present, there are 34 old-age care institutions in Haikou (including provincial nursing homes), with a total number of 8924 beds, of which 6603 are institutional old-age beds, and the elderly over 60 years old have 29.78 beds per 1,000 people. There are 56 canteens for the elderly, and 87 community home care service centers (day care centers for the elderly) have been built. The relevant person in charge of the haikou civil affairs department told reporters that in recent years, Haikou has continuously improved the policy system, strengthened the guarantee of home and community old-age services, guided by the needs of the elderly, built a "15-minute old-age service circle", vigorously promoted the construction of the Internet + home and community old-age service system, and digital empowerment added "code" to the happiness of the elderly.
The results of the seventh national census show that there are 264 million elderly people aged 60 and above on the mainland, accounting for 18.7% of the total population. It is estimated that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the mainland's elderly population aged 60 and above will exceed 300 million, accounting for more than 20% of the total population. The mainland will move from mild aging to a moderately aging society.
The 14th Five-Year Plan and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035 clearly put forward the implementation of a national strategy to actively cope with the aging of the population.
In the new year, Aunt Zhang and Aunt Pan in Shanghai, Aunt Wang in Changchun and The Elderly Lin Weixing in Haikou, their elderly lives will be happier and more exciting.