Qilu Evening News Qilu one-point reporter Cheng Lingrun intern Zhang Aixin
Recently, the official website of the Jinan Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism released the news that an archaeological excavation project in the Jinan New Material Industrial Park located in Sangzidian Street, Tianqiao District, successfully passed the acceptance of the Shandong Provincial Expert Group.
A total of 15 tombs were cleaned up in this excavation, including 5 tombs of the Yuan Dynasty, 2 tombs of the Ming Dynasty, and 8 tombs of the Qing Dynasty.
The tombs of the Yuan Dynasty are all vault-roofed brick chamber tombs, which are small in scale and consist of sloped tombs, tomb doors, Yongdao and burial chambers. M6 and M14 are double burials, M7 is a single burial, and M8 and M9 are three burials. The combination of burial items is mainly porcelain pots, porcelain jars, porcelain bowls, copper coins, M8, M6 are buried with copper mirrors.
The tombs of the Ming Dynasty are all brick chamber tombs with a roof, the plane is in the shape of an A, and it is composed of a sloped tomb, a tomb door, a Yongdao, and a burial chamber. The tomb doors are all brick carved gate towers, and the structure is relatively simple. The top of the burial chamber has collapsed to varying degrees, and the interior is full of silt. The burial utensils are all single coffins, M10 is a double burial, and M11 is a three-person burial. Burial items include porcelain jars, porcelain jars, bronze mirrors, copper coins, etc.
There are 8 tombs in the Qing Dynasty, including 1 vertical pit tomb, 6 brick chamber tombs, and 1 stone chamber tomb, most of which are double or triple burial tombs, and the excavated artifacts include porcelain pots, porcelain lamps, copper coins, etc.
The scale of tombs in the Yuan Dynasty is small, the direction of M6, M7, M8 and M9 is the same, and the shape is close, which should be a family tomb with similar age. The direction and shape of the Tomb of the Ming Dynasty are close, the combination and shape of the excavated artifacts are basically the same, and it should also be a family tomb of similar age, judging from the excavated copper coins, its age is not earlier than the Ming Dynasty Wanli Period. Qing Dynasty tombs except M13 is the early Qing Dynasty, the rest of the tombs are the middle and late Qing Dynasty, according to the direction of the tomb, the shape of the speculation, the possibility of family cemetery is high.
It is understood that the ancient tombs in Sangzidian Street, located on the north bank of the Yellow River, were mostly covered in thick sand and difficult to find. This archaeological excavation is the first tomb discovered and formally excavated in the region, which enriches the tomb data of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties in Jinan, and provides important physical data for the study of social, economic, cultural and funerary customs in various periods.
At the same time, the chronology of porcelain bowls, porcelain pots and other utensils excavated by archaeology is clear, which has a measuring effect on the porcelain age of the Zibo kiln system in the Yuan and Ming dynasties; according to the strata of the excavation area, there have been at least two large-scale floods in the area since the Yuan Dynasty, which provides new materials for the study of the environment, hydrology and changes of the Yellow River in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and provides new materials for the study of the Yellow River culture.