In ancient times, the battles of cold weapons were more about the ability of the commanders of the two sides to change the formation on the spot. Or it may be a comprehensive war between two countries, between the two forces, each investing its own military strength and the economy behind it. Basically, in any small-scale campaign, the total number of troops invested by both sides will certainly not be less than 50,000 to 60,000 people. In the Battle of Changping, which occurred in the middle and late period of the Warring States, the qin state and the zhao state each invested nearly 500,000 troops, which can really be called an "epic war" of millions of levels. In June 1593, the Ottoman Empire fought a battle against the Habsburgs. It led to medieval Europe, which fell into chaos for the next 13 years. In this battle, the total casualties of both sides were only 8,000.
The battle was called the Battle of Thesak, and on June 22, 1593, the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed III actively waged a campaign against The Forces of Hungary, Germany, Croatia, and other Habsburgs. In 1593, the Ottoman Empire sent about 15,000 men to engage the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Croatia in The Sax (Croatia, southeast of Zagreb). The battle can be seen as the fact that After Mehmed III first attacked and took Croatia, the Habsburgs lost the most important strategic base on the left.
The strength of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle Ages should not be underestimated. And the Turks should have a slight advantage over the Habsburgs in naval warfare. Mehmed III, although a mediocre emperor, during his reign, the Ottoman Empire was not yet fully inferior. Since the Battle of Lepanto, the Ottomans have not wanted to annex the Habsburgs at any time. In 1592, the Ottomans within themselves drew up a plan to completely annex Croatia in order to launch an attack to the south. At the end of 1592, the Ottomans took The Croatian Bihać. The Ottomans then moved north quickly and besieged the Croatian capital of Sisak. The town of Sisak is surrounded by rivers, with the Kupa and Sava rivers in a y-shaped shape, which divert from the left and right sides of the Sax.
The Ottomans hoped to win the battle in three days with 15,000 elite soldiers, by virtue of their absolute numerical superiority. On the Croatian side at the time, there were only 5,000 defenders. However, in this battle, the German mercenaries of the Holy Roman Empire quickly sent cavalry to block the Ottomans in the middle of the y-shape. In this way, the Turks are flanked by rushing rivers on the left and right, and in the middle are the important Towns of West Sax that are easy to defend and difficult to attack. The 15,000-strong Turkish army was completely divided by the Croats. The battle cost the Ottomans nearly 8,000 elite cavalry, and due to Mehmed III, he mistakenly underestimated Croatia's native defenses;
So before the battle, he did not send water forces to support. This led to the complete disillusionment of the Ottomans' attempt to fire the "head cannon". But the loss of 8,000 men was nothing to the Ottoman Sultan. But the fiasco of Sisaq completely annoyed Mehmed III. After this battle, the Ottoman Empire officially declared war on the Habsburgs. From 1593 to 1606, the Habsburgs and the Ottomans fought a war that lasted nearly 13 years.
It was not until November 1606 that the Holy Roman Empire signed a treaty with the Ottomans; the Habsburgs had a slight advantage and took back northern Hungary, southern Croatia and other areas. The Ottomans also succeeded in achieving their goal, throwing the Habsburgs into chaos. After 13 years of fighting, the Ottoman Empire showed clear signs of decline. The Habsburgs are still tail-wrenching. Therefore, this Battle of Sax led to changes in the pattern of medieval Europe.
Muhammad's initial idea was to take Croatia and then gradually complete the encroachment on the Habsburgs. Unexpectedly, the little Sisak hit Mehmed III head-on. As a result, the caliph could no longer bear the previous meticulous strategic deployment and immediately announced a vicious war against the Habsburgs. Perhaps later historians did not expect that the Battle of Sax, which had no more than 8,000 casualties, had such severe consequences.