Children with whooping cough can be cured quickly after active treatment and care, but there are still a small number of children with low disease resistance, if the delay in diagnosis and treatment leads to complications in the child, the course of the disease is difficult to heal, and even endanger the life of the child, therefore, the treatment of whooping cough should focus on preventing complications, then, what are the common complications of children with whooping cough?
Whooping cough can cause complications of several systems in children:
Respiratory complications: respiratory complications are most common in tracheitis and bronchopneumonia. Mostly caused by secondary infection, the pathogen is often a common bacteria in the respiratory tract, and this complication can occur at all stages of the disease course, but mostly in the cramping and coughing phase. Severe pneumonia can also be complicated by heart failure. In addition, atelectasis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and mediastinal emphysema are often combined. Children with pre-existing TB can develop pertussis and can provoke re-activation or spread of TB, leading to exacerbation.
Neurological complications: Bacillus pertussis produces a large amount of endotoxins, which can cause toxic encephalopathy and a series of central nervous system sequelae. Such as epilepsy, mental retardation, etc. Pertussis encephalopathy mainly occurs in the spasmodic cough period, and the clinical manifestations are: repeated convulsions, impaired consciousness, high fever, and even cerebral edema and hernia, which endanger the life of the child. Sometimes due to severe spasms and coughs, cerebral vascular spasm, cerebral hypoxia, cerebral hemorrhage, and hand and foot convulsions are caused.
Cardiovascular complications: severe pertussis can cause heart enlargement and even heart failure (most common in frail infants or children with pre-existing heart disease). Frail newborns may have subcutaneous hemorrhage, intra-cerebral punctate bleeding, and even intra-ear hemorrhage. In severe cases, there are hemoptysis, hematemesis, and blood in the stool, so it can cause acute circulatory failure.
Digestive complications: mainly due to vomiting and anorexia in children with whooping cough, such as malnutrition, hernia, prolapse and so on. When a child coughs violently, it can cause increased abdominal pressure and hernias and prolapse.
For pediatric whooping cough, clinical treatment is generally carried out by taking drugs, as follows:
Procaine hydrochloride can be used 3-5mg/kg/time, add 30-50ml of glucose in intravenous drips, 1-2 times/day, continuous use for 3-5 days, has an antispasmodic effect. Vitamin K1 also reduces cramps and cough.
Infants and young children may cough with their heads down and pat their backs. People with severe coughs can use hibernation spirit or finagen before going to bed, which is conducive to sleep and reduces cough.
When a child has asphyxia, artificial respiration, suction of sputum and oxygen should be given in time. Heavy patients can be appropriately added sedatives such as phenobarbital or diazepam. Thick sputum may be given expectorant or nebulized inhalation. Severely ill infants may be given adrenocortical hormones to reduce inflammation.
Antibiotic therapy. Antibiotics within 4 days of the catarrha phase can shorten the cough time or block the occurrence of spastic cough. Application after 4 days or during the cramping period can shorten the sterilization period and prevent secondary infection, but it cannot shorten the course of the disease. Erythromycin 30-50mg/kg/day for 7-10 days is preferred, and chloramphenicol (dose same as above) can also be used, or co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, etc.
Traditional Chinese medicine treatment. Bile preparations have a significant inhibitory effect on Bacillus pertussis. At the same time, it also has a certain sedative effect. Can be steamed with chicken bile and sugar. 1/3 daily for up to half a year of age, 1/2 for children from half a year to 1 year old, and 1 day for 1 to 3 years old until recovery. It can also be replaced with pig bile, etc.
Pediatric whooping cough, in addition to receiving formal treatment, can also take the method of dietary therapy:
(1) Caramel radish juice: white radish washed, chopped, to clean gauze twisted juice, each time take 30ml of white radish juice, add 20ml of caramel, and then add boiling water to an appropriate amount, stir well, serve, 3 times a day.
(2) Rock sugar duck custard: 50g of rock sugar, heat an appropriate amount of water, stir and dissolve the rock sugar, after cooling, beat two duck eggs, mix well, put in the steamer and steam. Take one serving or divided dose of 1 dose daily.
(3) Peanut candy dip: 500g of rock sugar, put in a pot, add a little water, simmer over low heat until provoked with a spatula to form a filament, until it is not sticky, stop the fire. Add 250g of fried, mouth-tipless peanut rice while hot, mix well and pour into a large enamel dish coated with cooking oil. Then flatten the sugar, wait for a little cold, cut into small pieces with a knife, after cooling, break open and become, this product has the effect of clearing the lungs and moisturizing.