I. The Terrible Killing (28 chapters, all released)
2. Indiscriminate bombardment (a total of 4 chapters, all of which have been released)
III. Maiming Chinese Labor (Three Chapters, All Published)
Fourth, the extinction of human biological warfare, chemical warfare
1. Development and use of bacteriological weapons (published)
2. Japanese army launches germ warfare and chemical warfare in Zhejiang (published)
3. The Japanese Army's Criminal Experiment in Ningbo (Published)
4. Killer bacteria invade Guangdong (published)
5. Plague bacillus infestation Changde (published)
6. Dumping drugs for money and killing people
7.731"Shiro Mako ishii
Shiro Ishii, a Japanese army lieutenant general, doctor of medicine, graduated from the Medical Department of Kyoto Imperial University, the director of the Kwantung Army's Epidemic Prevention and Water Supply Department (Unit 731), and the founder of the Kwantung Army's Epidemic Prevention and Water Supply Unit, famous for conducting many human experiments and developing bacteriological weapons, and conducted bacterial infections, anatomy, and biochemical experiments on living people in Harbin and other places that belonged to the puppet state of Manchukuo at that time. After Japan's defeat, he privately traded with the United States with germ information obtained from several years of research in China by Unit 731, which used its bacteriological weapons against the Soviet Union and escaped the trial of the International Court of War.
Bacteriological war criminal Japanese 731 germ unit commander Ishii Shiro
In April 1916, Shiro Ishii entered the Faculty of Medicine of Kyoto Imperial University and graduated in December 1920, when the then 28-year-old Shiro Ishii decided to become an army medic to serve Japan and the emperor. In the Japanese Army, the highest rank of military doctor was lieutenant general, but is the mantra of Shiro Ishii at the time: "I must be promoted to general." So less than a month after graduating from college, he joined the Third Wing of the Guards Infantry, and as a trainee non-commissioned officer, he began military training. Five months later, on April 9, 1921, Shiro Ishii was appointed lieutenant of the military medic and assigned to the Guards Division.
In April 1924, Shiro Ishii re-entered Kyoto Imperial University as a daipei trainee to study bacteriology, serology, epidemic prevention, pathology, and preventive medicine at graduate school, when a strange sleeping sickness broke out in Japan, killing more than 3,000 people in just a few months. Shiro Ishii proposed to form an investigation team to find out the cause of the illness. In order to smooth the investigation, he even asked his family to sell part of the woodland to make up for the funds. This fanatical drive of his has made some people sigh. Later, as a cadre of the Army and a professional soldier, he remained in the military circles and was promoted to lieutenant of the Army Medical Department in August 1924.
In June 1927, Shiro Ishii received his doctorate in microbiology and was assigned to the Kyoto Garrison Hospital, after which he published a series of papers in academic journals and gradually became famous in the medical community. What prompted Shiro Ishii to make up his mind to engage in criminal germ warfare stemmed from his discovery of a report on germ warfare written by Harada, a second-class military doctor (quite a lieutenant), which resonated strongly in his heart. Both Harada and Shiro Ishii know very well that chemical warfare and biological warfare (germ warfare) were outlawed at the 1925 Disarmament Congress in Geneva. However, the murderous power of germ warfare deeply attracted Ishii Shiro. During 1927, Ishii Shiro traveled frequently between Kyoto and Tokyo, and Saburo Endo (then a lieutenant officer and later promoted to lieutenant general) recorded in his diary at the time: "At that time, Ishii often appeared in the general staff headquarters, and everyone knew him, and lobbied the staff officers about the importance of germ warfare. ”
From August 1928 to 1930, when Shiro Ishii went to Europe for an "expedition," Kitano Masaji said, "Ishii was initially self-funded, and later became a state fee. At that time, the Japanese military establishment used to send the so-called "best young officers" overseas to study and investigate the military, while gathering intelligence as much as possible. Therefore, Shiro Ishii should have been dispatched by the Japanese military, and the term "self-funding" should be to cover up the eyes and ears of the people. Ishii lasted two years and traveled to Singapore, Ceylon, Egypt, Greece, Turkey, Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, the Soviet Union, Estonia, Latvia, East Prussia, Hawaii, Canada and the United States, while Ishii's expedition focused on secretly investigating Germany's secret development of bacteriological weapons. According to historical sources, Ishii Shiro's trip was sent by Nagata Tetsuyama Daisaku, who is known as the first general of the Japanese Army Province.
Ishii Shiro returned to Japan in the autumn of 1930 to report to Major General Nagata Tetsuyama, who had been promoted to the post of director of the Military Affairs Bureau of the Japanese Army Province, and at the end of the report, Ishii Shiro suggested: "I think that the development of bacteriological weapons cannot be delayed, and a delay of one day will surely make Japan resentful." Four months after Ishii Shiro returned to Tokyo, he was appointed instructor of the epidemic prevention department of the Army Military Medical School and promoted to Army Shōsa. He continued to lobby for the importance of germ warfare, on the grounds that "germ warfare undoubtedly has a special possibility, otherwise the League of Nations would not have banned it."
Shiro Ishii's purpose was to set up an "epidemic prevention research laboratory" headed by him at the Army Military Medical School to carry out research on germ warfare and gradually become the base camp for germ warfare in Japan. Shiro Ishii's strong proposal to study and utilize germ warfare was appreciated by the Japanese ruling clique, and Major General Nagata Tetsuyama of the Military Affairs Bureau of the Army Province and Daisaku Suzuki of the General Staff Headquarters gave him active help.
In addition, Shiro Ishii also received strong support from Koizumi Kinhiko, known as the "father of chemical warfare" in Japan. Koizumi was the most important military scientist in Japan at that time, and can be said to be the pioneer of Japanese military medicine, and once served as the director of military medicine in the army. On July 18, 1941, he was also appointed Minister of Health in the Third Guards Cabinet. Koizumi is also a fanatical nationalist who supports Japan's expansionist policies but still calls himself a "humanitarian."
Ishii in 1932
In August 1932, the so-called "Epidemic Prevention Research Office" was finally established in the Army Medical School in WakamatsuCho, Tokyo. Although it was located in the basement of the Epidemic Prevention Department at that time, the scale was small, and Ishii Shiro had only 5 assistants, but it was the prototype of the beginning of Ishii Shiro's "Ogre Cave".
At the end of 1932, in order to step up the study of germ warfare, the Japanese military repeatedly ordered that "the needs of Shiro Ishii should be met with material and fame." With the approval of the Japanese Army General Staff Headquarters, 200,000 yen was allocated to the secret account. At that time, Japan was still in a period of great economic panic, and 200,000 yen was a big expense. While other Japanese Army units are under strain, Shiro Ishii's budget for germ warfare research is increasing year by year. In August 1933, Koizumi, the principal of the Japanese Army Military Medical School, gave Shiro Ishii a piece of land behind his laboratory, where a new building with an area of 1,795 square meters was built, which was connected with the original building of the Epidemic Prevention Department and renamed the "Epidemic Prevention Research Institute". Until Japan's surrender in 1945, it was Shiro Ishii's germ warfare base in Tokyo, and Ishii once proudly said that it was a model for Japan's "arsenal."
Shiro Ishii was not satisfied with studying germ warfare only on the Japanese mainland, so he personally wrote a report and asked Lieutenant General Nishihan Yukizo, the military medical director of the Army Province, to forward it to the Minister of War, Sadao Araki. The report made a request: "Now that we feel that the study of bacteriological weapons must be tested, we ask the Military Department to transfer all of us to Manchuria so that we can maintain the high degree of development of bacteriological weapons." The Japanese base camp approved his report.
Shiro Ishii poses with some army officers
On August 31, 1932, Ishii Shiro and his friend Masuda Chisada, who grew up, accompanied by 4 assistants and 5 employees, spent more than a month in northeast China and traveled all over the northeast. The purpose is to choose the address of the establishment of a bacteriological research base in northeast China, the reason for choosing the northeast is because in northeast China it is easy to get the "material" of bacterial research - living people; in addition, northeast China is close to the Soviet Union, the climate is similar to it, once the Soviet army is engaged, you can directly carry out bacterial attacks. However, there was a dispute over the choice of specific location, with ishihara Guan'er of the Kwantung Army advocating locating mudanjiang, while Ishii Shiro insisted on building in Harbin, the largest city in northern Manchuria. In the end, Shiro Ishii's claim was supported by the Japanese base camp. At the same time, Ishii Shiro's germ warfare plan was also strongly supported by the Kwantung Army. The Kwantung Army's top brass believed that germ warfare could play an important role in defeating the Soviets, and that germ warfare would offset the japanese army's superiority in the operation against the Soviet Union.
One day in August 1933, Ishii Shiro ordered the Japanese army to take away the local shopkeepers, clerks and residents at the intersection of Xuanhua Street and Wenmiao Street in Nangang District, Harbin City, and secretly set up the Bacteriological Research Institute (Ishii Unit), secretly called "Kamo Unit", named "Kamo", which is derived from Ishii's hometown name. In addition, this notorious bacteriological unit is often named "Togo Force", because Ishii Shiro greatly admired Marshal Togo Heihachirō in the Russo-Japanese War, and Ishii himself adopted the alias "Togo Captain", the dormitory area in the germ force base is called "Higashigo", and the shrine is called "Togo Shrine".
Although Shiro Ishii has adopted extremely strict secrecy measures, it is obviously inconvenient to carry out large-scale human germ experiments in large cities like Harbin. Ishii Shiro had already considered this, and he chose the town of Beiyinhe in Wuchang County, 70 kilometers away from Harbin. In Shiro Ishii's view, this place is not only convenient for transportation but also relatively hidden, and is an ideal location for large-scale human germ experiments.
In the autumn of 1933, the "Kamo Troops" sent Captain Kuroda to encircle more than 500 square kilometers of land in Wuchang County, Heilongjiang Province, encircling more than 500 square kilometers of land, forcibly recruiting nearly a thousand laborers and hundreds of horse-drawn carriages in the nearby villages, and building "barracks" day and night. In less than a year, about 100 brick and tile houses were built. "The camp area not only has barracks, but also a dedicated line to the Back Shadow River railway station and an airport.
On December 8, 1933, when Saburo Endo, a staff officer of the Kwantung Army, inspected the area, he said, "The beginning of a large barracks of 600 square meters gives the impression of a fortress. Although this is the result of their efforts, the expenditure of more than 200,000 yuan seems to be worthwhile. And Ishii Shiro himself became the commander of the germ unit of more than three hundred people under his direct command. The Beiyin River Bacteria Experimental Field is not only Chinese not allowed to approach, but even when the train passes through the Beiyin River Station, it is necessary to lower the curtains of the car and strictly prohibit passengers from visiting outside the car. Japanese personnel at the bacteriological laboratory rarely go out and all use pseudonyms. Even correspondence with domestic family members is subject to review by the Kwantung Army. The Bacteriological Experimental Field of the Back Shade River became a completely isolated military fortress. Because the Beiyin River Bacteria Experimental Field sent a lieutenant named Zhongma to manage the "barracks", the local people who did not know the details called this mysterious "barracks" "Zhongma City".
In the middle of the camp "Zhongma City" is a comprehensive facility of prison and human experimentation. Prisons are built on the scale of 1,000 people, usually between 500 and 600. The cells were small, and the "prisoners" were almost always handcuffed and shackled. Each person imprisoned averaged 3 days – about 500cc of blood in 5 days, and the blood collection never stopped. When the prisoners were weakened and no longer had "research value", they were injected with venom or shot, then dissected, and finally sent to the crematorium to be burned, which was taken care of by Tsuyoshi Ishii, the second brother of Shiro Ishii, who was pseudonymous Togoya.
Shiro Ishii's bacterial human experiments in the Back Shade River focused on three or four kinds of exposure to infectious disease bacteria, such as anthrax, epistaxis, plague and cholera; in addition, the human body was also used to conduct poison gas gas and venom experiments; and the human body was used as a "material" for frostbite experiments. Ninji Okamura, then chief of staff of the Kwantung Army, visited the Back Shadow River and was particularly concerned about frostbite experiments, because the Kwantung Army faced a serious problem in suppressing the anti-Japanese forces in northeast China and later fighting the Soviet army in the cold. After the inspection, Okamura wrote in his report to his superiors: "The best treatment for frostbite is to soak in water at 37 degrees Celsius", a finding that was "based on valuable data obtained through repeated experiments using various methods in the human body".
From the second half of 1933, the composite facilities of "Zhongma Castle" were not completed, and Ishii Shiro could not wait to start using it, and in the autumn of 1934, due to the lax vigilance of the Japanese soldiers guarding the Mid-Autumn Festival, more than 30 prisoners escaped from prison, including 12 people including Prince Yang. As a result of this escape, Ishii Shiro felt that choosing the Shadow River in the guerrilla area of the Anti-Coalition Third Army was the wrong address. However, in order to reduce and shirk responsibility, Ishii Shiro still adopted the method of temporarily maintaining it and seeing if the situation was determined. However, since then, the Zhao Shangzhi Department of the Third Army of the Anti-Japanese League has attacked "Zhongma City" and the nearby Japanese garrison several times, and even the siege of the city has not been captured. This forced Ishii to make up his mind to choose a "base" again.
On December 28, 1934, Saburo Endo, a staff officer of the Kwantung Army, and Shiro Ishii, alias "Dongxiang", set out from Changchun, passing through Harbin without stopping, and went straight to the "Zhongma Castle" on the back of the Yin River. Although the two did not mention anything about the relocation, they had made up their minds to abandon the "Zhongma City". Shiro Ishii proposed to the Japanese General Staff Headquarters a plan to relocate and expand the "Kamo Force" on the pretext of an "accidental fire" at the Bacteriological Experimental Field in the Back Shadow River, which was quickly approved. Shiro Ishii transported equipment and machinery to Harbin, secretly killed his detainees, and soon the "Zhongma Castle" was reduced to rubble.
The bacteriological troops from the "Zhongma City" on the Back Shade River were withdrawn to the headquarters of the "Kamo Force" in Harbin City, that is, at the intersection of Xuanhua Street and Wenmiao Street, and in the south courtyard of the Japanese Army Hospital, under the cover of the Japanese Army Hospital, secret bacteriological research activities were carried out. The large iron gate facing the street was often closed and guarded by armed Japanese soldiers. Inside, there was a small yellow building on the second floor, and in and out were some Japanese soldiers and Japanese people in white coats. It's like a factory as well as a hospital. The external call "Kwantung Army Epidemic Prevention and Water Supply Department", coupled with the semi-public fact that water filters are indeed produced here, has played a role in covering up the truth of the crime. As early as 1931, Ishii Shiro publicly demonstrated his invention of the water filter, in order to prove that this water filter can turn turbid water and sewage into drinkable water, he has performed in large-scale public occasions many times. In 1933, when Emperor Showa inspected the Army Medical School, he watched Ishii's demonstration. The Chief of Staff of the Japanese Army and Navy has also witnessed it. In order to confirm the function of the water filter, Ishii Shiro even drank the urine of the filtered water filter himself on the spot. This stone well water filter later played a large role in the Battle of Iwo Jima.
After the surrender of Japan in 1945, Major General Matsumura Chikatsu wrote vividly about this in his memoirs: "Ishii, known as the 'madman of the army', is a resolute, propaganda-oriented, and actionable military doctor. He behaved eccentrically from a young age. Around 1937, when I was working as an instructor at the Military Medical School, I was working in a class at the Staff Headquarters, and he often came uninvited and strongly demanded the budget and preparation of water for epidemic prevention. For this reason, or licking salt extracted from human urine in public, or drinking clean water from sewage treatment, etc., made the big figures of the Staff Headquarters stunned... In short, a person who is good at planning and has the ability to do practical work..." The epidemic prevention and water supply department has become the best invisibility cloak for Japan to engage in germ warfare, and Shiro Ishii has established more than 23 "epidemic prevention water supply departments" in northeast China and throughout the guan, that is, bacteria troops and branches.
Site of incriminating evidence of Unit 731
In the early summer of 1935, the Kwantung Army forcibly occupied the Pingfang area about 20 kilometers from Harbin, delineated an area of 6 square kilometers, and began construction in the spring of 1936 to build facilities for the bacteriological army. It was a huge, comprehensive project that was extremely confidential, and Ishii Shiro recruited four Japanese construction companies in Changchun to undertake it, and it took more than two years to complete, and the use of Chinese laborers on the site sometimes exceeded 1500 people.
From the blueprint of the facilities of the bacteriological unit, there are at least 76 buildings in the area, including the two floors where the command center is located, that is, the "four-square building" of the bacteriological research center composed of 3, 4, 5 and 6 buildings, covering an area of about 15,000 square meters, including various bacteriological research rooms, frostbite laboratories that can be used all year round, prisons, dissection rooms, etc., as well as 3 crematoria that process human and animal corpses.
In 1936, the annual budget for bungalows and ancillary facilities was "3 million yen for manpower, 200,000 to 300,000 yen for each detachment, and 6 million yen for experimental research." So in fact, Ishii Shiro had a budget of more than 10 million yen, and even the generals who commanded several divisions at that time would be happy if they received such a budget. In 1938, Shiro Ishii was promoted to The Ranka. On June 30, 1938, the Kwantung Army Command issued Order No. 1539, which determined the scope and rules of the Pingfang "Special Military Zone", which has a total area of about 120 square kilometers.
The size of the 731 bacteriological unit far exceeded that of the German fascist "Poznan Bacteriological Institute", which was the largest killing factory in the world. The 731 Bacteriological Unit is staffed first class over other training units, with a lieutenant general and four major generals, and a total of 2600 people. At the end of 1939, Major General Saburo Endo, deputy chief of staff of the Kwantung Army, came to the bungalow and saw the "astonishing size" of Ishii's unit compared with the 1933 Back Shadow River Bacteria Experimental Field.
Shiro Ishii commutes between Harbin and Pingfang in a high-end car with an armor plate driven by a dedicated driver. His residence in Harbin was the confiscated residence of the Russians, where Ishii Shiro, his wife and seven children lived in luxury and luxury. One of Ishii's daughters, Harukai Ishii, recalls nostalgically nearly 40 years later: "It was a chic house, like a romantic movie like Gone with the Wind." The man-eating demon Shiro Ishii lives a lavish life in northeast China, but he still shows a strong desire for self-disclosure, greedily embezzling "public funds", drinking heavily, and visiting geisha.
Shiro Ishii tried everything in his power to connect almost all the bacteriologists in Japan and get them to assist this bacteriological force. In addition, almost all japanese universities have been mobilized, in addition to the Army Medical School in Tokyo, Kyoto Imperial University, Tokyo Imperial University, Tokyo Institute of Infectious Diseases, and so on. In addition, many of the subordinates who worked with Shiro Ishii in northeast China held important positions after the war, such as the head of the medical department, the chief professor, the president of the university, or the technical backbone of various industries that created the post-war Economic Miracle of Japan. For example, Uemura, the leader of the 731 bacteriological unit's gas gangrene and anthrax squad, served as the chief investigator of the textbook of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan after the war; The long tomo ronin of unit 731, who served as the deputy governor of Hokkaido after the war; Shunichi Kaneko of the epidemic prevention research office of unit 731, who served as the chief researcher of the Japanese Defense Agency after the war; Ryosuke Murata of the epidemic prevention research office of the 1644 unit, who served as the sixth deputy director and seventh director of the National Institute of Preventive Health (now the National Institute of Infectious Diseases) of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare; and Shoujin Yoshimura, chief of the Frost Injury Section of the 731 Unit After the war, he served as the president of Kyoto Prefectural Medical University in Japan. According to the latest information, a total of 79 Japanese germ war criminals were reused after the war.
In May 1939, when the Japanese army clashed with the Soviet and Mongolian armies, Ishii Shiro saw the best opportunity to conduct germ warfare experiments, and he formulated a specific implementation policy plan. In June, Shiro Ishii stockpiled more than 2,000 shells containing gangrene, typhoid fever and cholera bacteria in Hailar, ready to be launched into Soviet positions. By July, the commander of the Kwantung Army, Kenkichi Ueda, in order to save the Japanese army, finally agreed to Ishii Shiro's request. The overjoyed Shiro Ishii transferred half of the 400 or so bacteriological warfare personnel of various types that were only available in the 731 bacteriological unit at that time to participate in the war under the name of the "Kwantung Army Epidemic Prevention Squad". And 22. 5 kg of Salmonella and Typhoid bacteria were thrown into the Halaha River. In July and August, Shiro Ishii transported the germ bombs stored in Hailar in June to the front line and launched them into Soviet positions. On October 1, 1939, the 731 Germ Unit received the first battle merit award in the history of the Japanese army as a health force. Issued by Lieutenant General HagiShu, commander of the 6th Army, Ishii's front bust was attached to the newspaper's selective report. Ishii Personal Merit Fourth Class Golden Eagle Medal.
The special prison of the 731 germ unit can hold 400 to 500 people, and the bacteriological unit of the unit, Kiyoshi Kawashima, confessed: "Every year, about 600 'special transfer handlers' are sent here." Conservative speculation is that from August 1939 to August 1945, about 3,000 people were killed as "experimental material." This figure does not include those killed before August 1939, and those killed by the 731 bacteriological unit detachment in Anda, Hailar and other places, and the number of people killed by dropping bacteria in Chinese mainland is not counted, and the number of deaths caused by the release of bacteriotic animals before and after the defeat. In July 1940, the Ishii Bacteriological Unit organized the first expedition, under the personal leadership of Ishii Shiro, to drop typhoid fever, cholera and plague bacteria over Ningbo, Zhejiang Province; on October 4, in Quzhou and 22 in Ningbo; in November and December, it dropped bacteria in Jinhua, Shangyu, Tangxi and other places. In the spring of 1941, the Ishii Bacteriological Unit, in accordance with the orders issued by the Kwantung Army Command, sent a second expedition, led by the commander of the second unit, Ota Sumita Daisa, which initially numbered 60 people and later increased to more than 100 people, including 30 bacteriological experts. The expedition spread fleas infected with plague bacteria in the Changde area, triggering a plague epidemic in the area, killing more than 400 people. On April 21, bacteria were dropped over Xindeng County, plague bacteria were dropped in Changde City on November 4, and plague bacteria were scattered over Zhuji on December 19.
In the summer of 1941, in order to cover japan's germ warfare activities, the Japanese germ unit used the name "Manchurian 731st Unit". Using iron shells to hold bacteria or fleas, Shiro Ishii has always had headaches because of the high temperature at the time of explosion; low-altitude drops, the plane is easy to shoot down, ishii Shiro has always had a headache. Late one night in the spring of 1942, Ishii Shiro suddenly called a meeting of senior officers of Unit 731 and publicly announced that he had come up with a method of making shell shells made of clay, which was called "Ishii-style porcelain bacterial bullets".
On August 1, 1942, Ishii Shiro was dismissed and demoted for embezzling experimental funds, and transferred to Nanjing as the military medical director of the First Army. However, Ishii Shiro later explained this as follows: If he continued to engage in research, his career would come to an end, and the highest rank of army doctor could only be obtained in order to obtain a higher rank, and he needed to have actual combat experience.
In May 1942, China and Japan began the Battle of Zhejiang and Gansu, which ended in August. The Japanese captured thousands of Chinese soldiers in the battle, and the prisoners' shelters were located in Yushan and other two places, each holding more than 1,500 people. In late August, Ishii flew from Nanjing to Quxian County, and his first thought was to use the more than 3,000 captives to spread a violent infectious disease. So more than 3,000 steamed buns were injected with typhoid bacteria and paratyphoid bacteria, and these bacteria were also coated on the biscuits. The steamed buns and biscuits were then eaten by the tired and hungry captives, and finally the more than 3,000 captives were released. A few days later, after the rapid withdrawal of the Japanese army, the epidemic spread rapidly in the area. A results report was published at the base of Unit 731, which stated: "As a result of the dispatch team's investigation in situ, the most effective of the outbreak and epidemic of infectious diseases is paratyphoid fungus. ”
In September 1942, Ishii Shiro went to Shanxi and vigorously arranged bacteriological warfare, and the Japanese army in Shanxi used bacteriological weapons many times. In the summer of 1944, Ishii Shiro was ordered to leave Shanxi and return to China. In March 1945, Ishii Shiro was ordered to return to the 731 Germ Unit and was reappointed as the commander of the unit. Ishii immediately used his position to transfer Nakaru Kanzo Nakasa, who had investigated his corruption case and had been the chief of general affairs of Unit 731, to the Pacific Theater, causing him to die less than a month later.
On the eve of Japan's defeat, Ishii Shiro strictly urged the whole army to desperately raid production, Ishii suggested that the bacteria stored by the 731 bacteria unit and tons of fleas and rats containing poisonous bacteria be released to soviet cities, and then the deadly infectious disease would quickly spread throughout Europe, but Ishii's opinion was not adopted by his superiors. Japan surrendered, and Ishii Shiro threw down his subordinates and fled home first. The 731 germ unit, following is the instruction of Ishii's pre-escape killing, in addition to blowing up the "Four Square Building" to destroy the evidence of the crime, also killed all the detainees for experimental purposes. Shiro Ishii, who lived in seclusion in Chiba's hometown, was afraid of becoming a war criminal, and he even prepared a fake funeral, and his assistant Ryoichi Naito negotiated with the U.S. military on the condition of providing human experiments and bacteriological research materials, in exchange for the United States exempting the relevant personnel of Unit 731 from war responsibility and escaping trial. Later living in Tokyo's Shinjuku district, a British university lecturer claimed to have gone to Maryland to discuss the possibility of germ warfare with the U.S. military, but Japanese records show that he has been living in obscurity in Tokyo by running a clinic. He converted to Christianity and often treated the children around him free of charge. It is often said: It is really happy to save lives as a doctor. On October 9, 1959, Shiro Ishii died of throat cancer.
Shiro Ishii believes that Japan, which lacks resources, can only rely on germ warfare if it wants to win. It is also said that "Japan does not have sufficient hardware deposits to make the necessary raw materials for weapons, so Japan must seek new weapons, and the first feature of bacteriological weapons is that they are powerful, shells made of steel can only kill a certain number of people around them, and bacterial warfare agents are contagious, which can be transmitted from people to people, from the countryside to the city, and its lethality is not only far wider than that of artillery shells, but also has a very high mortality rate." The second feature is that it can be made with a small amount of money, which is particularly suitable for Japan, which has less steel. ”
In April 1930, after Ishii returned from a european and American expedition, preparations for germ warfare began. Ishii's theory is: "Military medicine is not just about treatment and prevention, the purpose of real military medicine is to attack." After years of research, Ishii reported to the General Staff Headquarters: "Unit 731 has studied the method of using plague-infected fleas as bacteriological weapons, saying that the achievements achieved in this regard can be applied to the purposes of war on a large scale." Around 1940, Ishii said: "In addition to commanding the bacteriological warfare units of the Kwantung Army, it also commanded the bacteriological warfare units in North China, Central China, South China and the South Pacific. In March 1945, Ishii returned to Unit 731, preparing for large-scale production and fighting a major germ war. Ishii said at multiple rallies: "It was the germ troops who saved the Japanese nation. After the defeat, Ishii falsely claimed to allied command personnel that "Unit 731 was created to defend Japan, and germ warfare was studied for self-defense." ”
Shiro Ishii claims to have conducted 20 years of bacteriological warfare research, and his evil achievements include (1) Ishii water filters; (2) Ishii-type bacterial incubators; (3) Ishii-style ceramic bacterial bombs; (4) Ishii ace weapons: rats with plague bacteria and flea bombs with plague bacteria; and (5) the most cruel and dehumanizing "human experiments and live killing observations". His "inventions and creations" have strongly supported the launching of the war of aggression against China and become a relying force, at the same time, they have also committed heinous crimes against the Chinese people, resulting in an indelible grudge that will always be rooted in people's hearts.
The Soviet Union invaded northeast China in August 1945, leaving Unit 731's germ weapons useless. In order to prevent the crime from being exposed, the headquarters of the Kwantung Army secretly ordered Shiro Ishii to destroy all evidence before the Arrival of the Soviet Army. Ishii reluctantly watched his research come to naught and threatened his subordinates to take everything about Unit 731 to the grave.
Staff officer Asae Fuharu of the Kwantung Army Headquarters recalled that he flew to Shinkyo (present-day Changchun) and talked to Shiro Ishii for about an hour in a hangar at the military airport, and conveyed the detailed instructions of the military department:
1. Your entire unit is disbanded, allowing the members of the army to return to the Japanese mainland as soon as possible, and all evidentiary items must disappear from the earth forever without a trace.
2. To this end, I have made arrangements for the transfer of an engineer squadron carrying 5 tons of explosives to your command, and all facilities must be blown up.
3. The "Marutai" (captives) in the building must be treated with an electric motor, then put into the boiler of your ministry to burn, and then throw their ashes into the Songhua River to wash away.
4. The 53 military doctors with the title of doctor must be transported directly back to japan by military aircraft.
When Ishii Shiro was about to go back after hearing the order, he suddenly stopped, turned his head and asked Asahi reluctantly, "Can't you bring back the research materials?"
Perhaps he felt that abandoning the completed research material was as painful as tearing his body in half. For this "mad medic", nothing is more important than the information that has been fully completed.
"No, can't bring it back!" Asahi immediately refused. The destruction of all evidence was ordered by the Chief of Staff.
Regarding the chaos in the research facility, members of the force left some testimony. It has been confirmed that Shiro Ishii was standing on a coal pile with a saber in his hand and standing on a crossed leg before he was about to retreat, exuding a soul-stirring demonic aura on his body. He shouted with a vicious face: "The secret of Unit 731 must always be kept tight." If anyone leaks military secrets, I will chase him to the end of the world and get him out! At the same time, he made 3 demands to the crowd:
1. When returning to his hometown, he should also conceal the fact that he served in Unit 731 and cover up his military resume.
(2) Shall not hold all public office.
3. It is strictly forbidden for members of the armed forces to communicate with each other.
In particular, there is such a fierce sentence: "The secret of Unit 731 must be brought to the grave!" ”
Many of the former Unit 731 personnel proved to have heard Shiro Ishii say this. They speculated that Ishii had issued the gag order because he himself was afraid of becoming a war criminal.
However, as mentioned above, Shiro Ishii issued a gag order to Unit 731 because he had received orders from the General Staff Headquarters, which feared that Unit 731's secrets might endanger the Emperor of Japan if discovered by the Allies. The order had been given long before Ishii was terrified that he might become a war criminal.
Masahiko Meguro, who works at the Dalian Health Laboratory, confirmed that Shiro Ishii was also circling over the bungalows in a plane, photographing the blasted research facility from top to bottom, and landing in Dalian on the way to wash out the photos.
That night, Shiro Ishii retreated to Shinkyo with photos of the destroyed bungalow. The next day, the 17th, ishii's front foot had just finished retreating, and the Soviets then stepped into the bungalow. With only one day late, the rest of the personnel may be captured by the Soviets and taken to Siberia. The Japanese were in a hurry, intending to destroy it completely, but because of the sheer size and the sturdiness of the facilities, two chimneys still stood on the burning, eerie ruins that did not have time to blow up.
After the end of World War II, the United States Fort Detrick base and the Japanese invasion of China 731 unit secretly traded, Ishii Shiro 731 test data to the United States, in the 731 unit "anthrax experiment report", "rhinoplasma experiment report", "plague bacteria experimental report" three human experiment reports on the cover, respectively written with the words "Dedtricksburg base in Maryland Biological Warfare Laboratory Chemical Unit Research and Development Department, this letter returned to the post-war headquarters archives department" and stamped " Black ink print of the Technical Library of the Dgawi Experimental Base. Within a few years, the United States successively sent bacteriological warfare experts from the Fort Detrick base to Japan to learn about Japan's germ warfare situation from the main members of Unit 731, including Shiro Ishii, the leader of Unit 731. The United States paid 250,000 yen for the germ warfare data of Unit 731. The United States even hid from the world the heinous crimes of Shiro Ishii and Unit 731, and made Shiro Ishii a biological weapons adviser to Fort Detrick. Under the patronage of the United States, Shiro Ishii escaped trial as a war criminal.
On October 9, 1959, Shiro Ishii fell ill with throat cancer and died in Tokyo. Ended his sinful life. However, the evil he left behind still threatens the safety of human life, and the more than 200 biochemical laboratories in the United States throughout the world always threaten the peace and tranquility of the world.
Source: Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs bottomed out of the US Fort Detrick base with Unit 731 trading insider.
Next section: Records of the Japanese Army's Crimes of Aggression against China __ Economic Plunder
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