In the costume drama, the Qing Palace drama can be said to be a very hot theme. "Huan Zhu GeGe", "Yanxi Raiders", "Ruyi Zhuan" and so on are the representatives of the popular whole network. The Qianlong Emperor, Empress Fucha, Wei Yongluo, Empress Uranala, Xiangfei, Wu'aGe, Erkang, Fucha Fuheng, every character here is deeply impressed, and their smiles touch people's hearts. So, what exactly were they like in real history? Who is Qianlong's favorite woman? Is it Xiangfei or Wei Yongluo?
When it comes to the emotional life of the emperor, there are many scandals and legends. As a representative of the Emperor of The Wind, the Qianlong Emperor was really favored by various film and television themes.
Some people say that he is a scumbag, some people say that he is dedicated, amorous and dedicated to appear in a person at the same time, it is too easy to become a traffic love bean. Besides, he was indeed handsome and handsome.
"Qianlong Emperor Writing Diagram"
Fans have their own opinions on the question of who Qianlong's favorite woman is. Some say it's a fragrant concubine, some say it's a concubine, some say it's Empress Fucha, and some say it's Empress Uranala. Different dramas have created different love beans, and Qing Palace has surged in the hearts of fans. So what does real history look like?
Today I bring you a book, by which historians have constructed the rich itinerary of the Qianlong Emperor on the eighth day of the first month of the 30th year of Qianlong, that is, January 28, 1765 AD, by collusing historical materials. This is the "Twelve Hours of Qianlong".
The author Wu Shizhou consulted a large number of "palace archives", "internal affairs archives" and "six files", and restored the whole picture of the Qianlong Emperor's life for us from the vast Qing Palace archives.
And on such an ordinary day, the relevant words in the book also roughly outlined the most important women in the qianlong emperor's life.
01 Queen Fucha
Empress Fucha was qianlong's original consort, that is, the historical Empress Xiaoxianchun. At the age of sixteen, she married Hongli, who was still the fourth son of the Emperor at the time, a year younger than Hongli. The little couple lived a happy and harmonious life. In the second year of Qianlong, a grand ceremony for the appointment of empresses was held.
The Qianlong Emperor always felt that his wife's behavior was appropriate, and she was the best helper to govern the world, and her virtuousness was used by the Qianlong Emperor to educate the world. The whole harem was also quiet and peaceful. Empress Xiaoxian's two sons were secretly designated as the next crown prince very early. All this seems to prove the Qianlong Emperor's love for Empress Xiaoxian.
Unfortunately, both of Empress Xiaoxian's children died prematurely after being secretly made crown prince by Qianlong. The grief of losing her son one after another also robbed Empress Xiaoxian of her health, and finally she fell ill in the spring of the thirteenth year of Qianlong and died on the way back to Beijing.
Since then, the Qianlong Emperor has fallen into extreme grief, become irritable and irritable, and done a lot of crazy things. In the six months after the Empress's death, more than a hundred ministers were either dismissed, demoted, punished, or even executed. The twenty-one-year-old emperor's eldest son, Yong Huang, did not show great sorrow because it was not his own mother who died, and the Qianlong Emperor severely reprimanded and punished him. The fourteen-year-old emperor's third son, Yongzhang, also dissatisfied Qianlong with his performance at the time of the empress's death. In a fit of rage, the Qianlong Emperor categorically declared: These two people will never inherit the great unification! The harshness of the Qianlong Emperor made the two princes panic for a long time, Yong Huang was depressed and unhappy, and he died of illness a year later, and Yong Zhang also died at the age of twenty-six in fear.
The Qianlong Emperor also ordered all the subjects of the world to mourn for the death of the mother of the country, which was unprecedented for the Qing Dynasty:
The Qianlong Emperor resigned from the dynasty for nine days and wore clothes for twenty-seven days; concubines, princes, and princesses wore white cloth filial piety, the prince cut his hair in braids, and the crown prince Fujin cut his hair; all Manchu ministers of culture and martial arts who wore the top below the prince were allowed to shave their heads after a hundred days; they stopped marrying and making music for twenty-seven days; all the soldiers and civilians in Beijing went to the crown and the women went to the earrings. Moreover, from the day on which they received the decree, the civil and military officials of the provinces removed the red ribbons from their crowns, gathered in the public offices, wept for three days, and were not allowed to shave their heads for one hundred days, and stopped marrying music within twenty-seven days of wearing filial piety; ordinary soldiers and civilians took off their crowns for seven days, during which time they did not marry or have fun.
In order to raise the funeral of Empress Xiaoxian, the Qianlong Emperor spent a huge amount of money to build civil engineering, and many things were personally involved. In the thirteenth year of Qianlong, Empress Xiaoxian died, and on October 27, the seventeenth year of Qianlong, Empress Xiaoxian was enshrined in the Anji Palace.
On that day, the Qianlong Emperor dressed in plain clothes, set off from the palace of Longfu Temple, took an eight-person warm palanquin, came to Shengshuiyu, and finally laid a toast in front of the tomb of Empress Xiaoxian, watching the queen's golden coffin slowly descend into the underground palace.
After the funeral, the Qianlong Emperor immediately ordered the establishment of the "Yamen of the Mausoleum of Empress Xiaoxian". At this point, the funeral of Empress Xiaoxian came to an end.
In addition to these solemn ceremonies, the Qianlong Emperor also wrote many mourning poems, including no less than one hundred and dozens of poems in the "Imperial Poetry Collection of Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty", which can be called the most sincere and superior work of more than 40,000 poems in the qianlong emperor's life. There are some very small scenes of life in these poems, and it is not difficult to see the Qianlong Emperor's deep love and nostalgia for Empress Fucha.
Thirty years after Qianlong, Empress Xiaoxian had been dead for seventeen years, and the Qianlong Emperor made his fourth tour of the south. The Qianlong Emperor, who was already fifty-five years old and had a beautiful harem, still deeply missed Empress Xiaoxian, probably afraid of touching the scenery, so he passed through Jinan (where Empress Xiaoxian's condition worsened) and walked around the city. Composed "Siyi Emperor Zunan Toured Jinan Rhyme":
Jinan did not enter the city for four times, fearing that it would enter a hundred sorrows.
Spring and March used to be partial to drama, and seventeen years of hatred were not even.
In the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong, the Qianlong Emperor was exactly eighty years old, and he personally went to the mausoleum of Empress Xiaoxian, facing the mausoleum, talking to his beloved wife: Fucha, I think you, don't worry, I will accompany you in another twenty years. There are also poems to prove it:
Three autumns don't go away, a moment of sourness.
The remembrance is in the middle, and it is deeply appropriate to call filial piety.
Ordinary life is difficult to describe, and the hundred-year-old vain Hope Isyan.
Summer and winter nights, only twenty years in the long run.
Probably, in the long life of the Qianlong Emperor, no concubine could soothe the emperor's lonely and restless heart like Empress Xiaoxian.
02 Empress Uranala
This empress is the vicious queen in "Huan Zhu Ge Ge", who is harsh and sad, and who opposes Xiaoyanzi Ziwei at every turn.
She is a concubine in "Yanxi Raiders" who works hard and kills decisively.
It is also the Ruyi who wants to live with Hongli for a lifetime in "Ruyi Biography", but finally sees the emperor's coolness and thinness, and ruyi who breaks his hair with a sword.
This empress was the historical Empress Ulanala, the successor of the Qianlong Emperor. On the same day that Empress Xiaoxian was enthroned as empress, she was made a concubine. The booklet says that she was "cautious, endowed with peace of mind, and wrote the order ceremony early", which is also in line with the early image of the concubine in the "Yanxi Raiders".
In the thirteenth year of Qianlong, Empress Xiaoxian died, because the middle palace was not suitable for a long time, and Concubine Xian was the highest ranking concubine in the palace at that time, so in the following year Concubine Xian was promoted to imperial concubine and was the sixth concubine. However, in the ceremonial system for canonizing the imperial concubines, the emperor deliberately lowered the specifications and did not allow princesses, princesses, and concubines to go to the imperial concubine's palace to perform celebration ceremonies. Presumably, the Qianlong Emperor could not emotionally accept the fact that Na Lashi had entered the Kunning Palace as empress, so he reluctantly obeyed the emperor's wishes.
Even the later Lihou did not emotionally accept the empress. Even after the congratulatory message to the new queen, the emperor wrote a poem to commemorate Empress Xiaoxian:
Pure Xiangyun Biyu wide, should be Jiaxing everything is happy.
At the beginning of the Middle Palace, the name was appointed as the throne, and wanshou Qi was dressed and crowned.
There is a memory of the forgotten peach blossom festival, wordless idle leaning on the gui wind cold.
Late to the family qingqian feast, look at the eyes for three years this re-watch.
It can be seen from this that the Qianlong Emperor really did not treat Empress Ulana much, but no matter what, the two of them also spent more than ten years together, and also gave birth to a baby, if it will go on like this, history will not have any waves, and future generations may not make up so many stories, but unfortunate things still happen.
In the thirtieth year of Qianlong, the fourth southern tour was accompanied by Empress Uranala and Concubine Ling, Concubine Qing, and Concubine Rong. According to the records of the empress's meal book in the palace, when the emperor also enjoyed breakfast at the famous "Banana Stone Mingqin" on the eighteenth, the emperor also rewarded the meal of Empress Uranala, and by the time of the nineteenth morning meal, there were only Concubine Ling, Concubine Qing and Concubine Rong. It follows from this that the outbreak of the imperial conflict should take place on the 18th of February. According to the news circulating in the palace, the empress was offended by the emperor, and then angrily went to the empress dowager to cry and complain, pleading for renunciation in Hangzhou, and pulled out sharp scissors to cut off the roots of the ten thousand strands of green silk.
The queen cut her hair like crazy. This scene must already be familiar to everyone.
For the Manchus, cutting their own hair is a big taboo. What exactly empress Ulana ra did broke her hair, for more than two hundred years, people have held a high interest. However, various official revision history books avoid talking about this. So, after all, this has become a puzzle.
But what happened to Empress Uranala? This is clearly documented.
Suddenly cutting her own hair was a violation of the taboo of Manchu customs, and then the emperor ordered that empress Ulanala, who was "suddenly mad", be strictly supervised by Fulong'an and others, and sent back to Beijing in advance.
In May of the thirty-first year of Qianlong (1766), the emperor ordered that all the treasures he had been enfeoffed in the past be confiscated, including one copy of the empress, one share of the imperial concubine, one share of the concubine, and one copy of the concubine, which meant that the Ulana Lama clan not only lost the title of empress, but was also permanently and completely discarded from the emperor's concubines.
At the beginning of July, the poor woman was dying, and only two palace ladies were left to serve. However, the Qianlong Emperor had no compassion for her, and still opened luan from the Yuanmingyuan on the eighth day of July, and the empress dowager went to Rehe Qiu mulan.
On July 14, urana, who was imprisoned in the Cold Palace, passed away.
Empress Uranala was buried after her death in the Garden of The Noble Concubines of Emperor Chunhui (located in the Garden of Concubine Yuling). In fact, her funeral was cold and quiet, and the specifications were far lower than the funeral of the imperial concubine. She did not have her own tomb and treasure roof, and the coffin was forced into the dungeon of Emperor Chunhui's concubine and placed in a subordinate position on the east side of Emperor Chunhui's golden coffin. There is no shrine to her in the main hall of the garden, and there is no one to pay tribute to the qingming, zhongyuan, dusk, winter solstice and death anniversary every year. The Urana Lama clan has never been unknown since then, and no one has ever mentioned it again, as if the queen had not been buried in this garden bedchamber at all.
After that, there was no longer an empress in the palace, and the noble concubine Wei Jiashi was in charge of the affairs of the six palaces as an imperial concubine.
03
Concubine
"I'm Wei Yongluo, born with a temper and not easy to mess with."
In "Yanxi Raiders", the righteous and kind Wei Yongluo, who is good at fighting wits and courage, is based on the historical Concubine Ling, who later gave birth to the Jiaqing Emperor and was posthumously awarded the title of Empress Xiaoyi. She was sixteen years younger than the Qianlong Emperor, entered the palace when Qianlong was ten years old, and was more favored after the Twenty Years of Qianlong, and was often flipped by the Qianlong Emperor.
She was also the concubine who bore the most children for the Qianlong Emperor, giving birth to a total of four princes and two princesses. The fifteenth son of the Emperor, Yongyan, was deeply pleased by the Qianlong Emperor because he looked very similar to his father, "Heavenly Appearance Qiwei, Long Zhun Fengyi, dignified demeanor", and "especially pure filial piety". This was also the later Jiaqing Emperor.
Wei Yongluo in "Yanxi Raiders" opened and hung all the way in the play. In real history, Wei Jia's promotion path in the Qianlong harem is also a life of kaihang:
Qianlong entered the palace for ten years, became a nobleman, and was crowned as a concubine in November of the same year. Later Jin Ling Concubine, Ling Guifei. On the ninth day of may in the 30th year, she was crowned as a noble concubine of the Ling Emperor. In October of the 1960s, yongyan (颙琰), the fifteenth son of the emperor, was made crown prince and posthumously awarded the title of Empress Xiaoyi.
The first sentence of Wei Yongluo's first appearance in the play is: I Wei Yongluo, born with a temper, is not good. But what did the historical concubines look like? From the cabinet edicts delivered on the ninth day of the first month of May in the 30th year of Qianlong, we can roughly see how the reputation of Concubine Ling was:
According to the emperor's empress dowager's will, "Let the noble concubines respect the gentle and gentle, and be gentle and graceful." Self-ying li, Neizhi Kexiang, should be promoted to imperial concubine, to Zhaoqi fan. Thanks. "All ceremonies shall be performed, and the gates shall be held as usual. Thanks.
Respectful and gentle, gentle and gentle. It seems to be a little far from the temper tantrum. The image of Concubine Ling in "Huan Zhu Ge Ge" is closer.
But no matter what, whether it was the Qianlong Emperor's favorite person or not, among the women of the Qianlong Emperor, Wei Jiashi undoubtedly laughed to the end.
04
Fragrant Concubine
The so-called Xiang concubine is attached by Concubine Rong. She was the daughter of Eli Hoga, born in Kashgar in the twelfth year of Yongzheng, and was named Jamzimu, and the teaching name was Hippar Khan, which means "fragrant" in Uighur. This may be the origin of the name "Fragrant Concubine". Twenty-five years after Qianlong, she came to Beijing at the age of twenty-six. There is a lot of political implication here. From the moment this Xinjiang beauty entered Beijing, the emperor immediately cast all his eyes on her. In order to alleviate Aifei's homesickness, Qianlong made an exception in the forbidden land of the imperial city, circled a gathering area of ethnic minorities, and placed the mother's family who entered Beijing with Concubine Xiang. Qianlong also equipped her with a chef who specializes in Xinjiang cuisine. She lived in the inner palace for twenty-eight years and was very favored by the emperor.
It is not difficult to see from various historical materials that the Qianlong Emperor was considerate of xiangfei, and the rewards were also very generous, and when the concubines were rewarded, they basically had xiangfei listed.
Let's take a look at Qianlong Ye's thoughtfulness (Qianlong had not yet been crowned a concubine in the thirty years, and was a concubine):
Before and after the southern tour on the sixteenth day of the first month of the thirtieth year of Qianlong (1765), it is seen in the "Festivals as usual", and the Qianlong Emperor gave meals to the following concubines: Ling Guifei Wei Jia, Qing Guifei Lu Jia and Rong Concubine and Zhuo Shi, and of course, Empress Urana La. Among them, Rong Concubine and Zhuo Clan had the lowest status.
again:
On the sixteenth day of the first month of the 30th year of Qianlong, the Qianlong Emperor was fortunate to ride in Jiangnan, accompanied by the empress, Ling Guifei, Qingfei, Rong Concubine, Yong Changzai, and Ning Changzai. ...... Because Concubine Rong was born in Huibu, the Qianlong Emperor specially followed Islamic customs to reward her with the following imperial meals: Zhuozhou cake, rice noodles, steamed bread, butter, lamb, lamb, mutton, lamb, dried radish, lamb shredded, One pin of folded tip, one pin of fried stomach, one pin of bad duck, one pin of bad radish, one pin of pickled leaves, one pin of braised chicken, one pin of fried swallow shoots, one pin of tempeh, one pin of mille-feuille cake, one pin of dried tofu, one pin of Suzhou cake, one pin of stewed lamb, one pin of stir-fried jasmine, one pin of pear shredded stir-fried jasmine, one pin of pear shredded stir-fried jasmine, one pin of tiger dish, one pin of roe deer meat, one pin of wine stewed mutton, one pin of stir-fried chicken, one pin of syrup, one pin of sauerkraut, one pin of deer tendon mutton, one pin of tempeh chicken, one pin of duck egg, one pin of pheasant foam, Deer tail one product, five-spiced lamb one product, lamb shredded stew shredded sauerkraut one product, pot stewed lamb one product, fire one product, sheep intestine soup one product, stewed water radish one product, sour and spicy lamb tripe one product, gluten one product, milk dumpling one product, pheasant tatar one product, cooking fried liver sausage one product, sweet and sour radish one product, green leek braised silver wire one product, save plate meat one product, bamboo shoot silk one product, chopped wild duck one product, mixed tiger vegetable lamb save plate one product, lamb stew radish one product, sugar and vinegar pot residue one product, hazelnut sauce one product, mutton fried watercress one product, milk rice one product, mung bean one product, Tuohuo Li Erfen yipin, Liao Hua yipin, water-cooked mung bean vegetables yipin and so on.
There were so many rewards, and everything was considerately taken care of Xiangfei's eating customs, and this was a new thing on the way down the Jiangnan, all the way to the lake and mountains, and Xiangfei was still hanging on the tip of her heart.
The scumbag warms up the man, which shows that the fragrant concubine is indeed very loved in the heart of the Qianlong Emperor. At this point, Qianlong Ye can also be regarded as a big warm man with a shallow smile at the corner of his mouth, his eyes full of tenderness, careful and caring, and understanding, making people like a spring breeze, like Mu Xuyang.
Lang Shining's "Portrait of the Qianlong Emperor's Imperial Dress"
In the Qing Palace drama, the wind and clouds are strange, and while chasing the drama, come to see the "Twelve Hours of Qianlong" to see a living Qianlong Emperor with a smell of fireworks. The real emperor is more charming, and the real historical storm is equally exciting.
Since ancient times, the Qianlong Emperor has been famous for his affair, so what is the real Qianlong?
Do you know that for the Qianlong Emperor, the 996 work system was simply weak and explosive?
Fu Heng, who is handsome and handsome and has both culture and martial arts in "Yanxi Raiders", and Fu Liu Uncle in "Huan Zhuge Ge", do you know that in history, the real Fu Heng is not inferior to the characters in the play?
Are there prototypes in the history of the well-known Five Brothers and Erkang in "Huan Zhu Ge Ge"? What kind of life do they have?
The Qianlong Emperor's favorite meal, the most favorite poem to write, the favorite concubine, the most favorite minister, his pride and frustration, do you want to know?
"The Twelve Hours of Qianlong", using the most reliable historical facts and the most reliable explanations, truly restores the year when the Qianlong Emperor was 55 years old, the eighth day of the first lunar month. "The Twelve Hours of Qianlong" takes you to find the Qing Palace hidden in the main history.
"The Twelve Hours of Qianlong"
By Wu Shizhou
Simplified horizontal
32 open paperback
978-7-101-14855-8
RMB36.00
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The Qianlong Emperor ascended the throne at the age of 25 and reigned for 60 years. The thirty years of Qianlong were a period of stable ascension and peace in the prosperous era of Kangqian. This year, the Qianlong Emperor was 55 years old, and his political life was like a day in the sky. As the emperor of the unified Chinese kingdom, his ideal was to uphold the national tradition of Chinese riding and shooting, while at the same time hoping that people would regard him as the benevolent Manjushri Bodhisattva and the perfect representative of the rulers of Confucian orthodox culture.
On the eighth day of the first lunar month of the 30th year of Qianlong, the Beijing Division. The day is marked by a rich and complex political scene. The Qing court sacrifices in the Forbidden City, the tea feasts of the monarchs and courtiers, the folk star sacrifice ceremonies, and the Taoist temple fairs all reflect a prosperous scene where multiple cultures coexist.
How should historians disassemble the multiple aspects of the Qianlong Emperor from the twelve hours of the Qianlong Emperor? Under this prosperous world, what are the hidden worries? Take the questions and flip through the book.
【Mr. Wu Shizhou's inscription + signature printed version】"The Twelve Hours of Qianlong"
(Co-ordinator: Lu Quan; Editor: Bai Xinhui)