According to the World Health Organization, the standard for longevity areas is more than 75 centenarians per million people. The International Society of Natural Medicine officially declared the Caucasus region of the former Soviet Union, Hunza in Pakistan, Bilcabamba in Ecuador, Hotan in Xinjiang, and Bama in Guangxi as the world's five longevity towns.
Longevity is affected by many factors, modern medicine generally believes that 10% of a person's life expectancy depends on genetics, 10% depends on social factors, 10% depends on medical conditions, 5% depends on the climate and environment, and 65% depends on living and eating habits. Let's take a look at Hetian, Xinjiang, one of the world's five longevity regions, what do you like to eat, and why there are so many centenarians.
The Karakoram Mountains, the "ancestor of ten thousand mountains" in the southern pillow of the Hotan region, are composed of three major parts: the southern mountainous area, the central plain, and the northern desert area. The latest statistics show that there are as many as 213 centenarians in hotan area, and 21.8 centenarians per 100,000 people, several times more than the developed areas along the eastern coast of China.
1. Breakfast
The general breakfast of families in the Hotan area is milk tea on bread and tiger dishes, that is, tomatoes, peppers, onions, a little soy sauce, vinegar and salt stir well. In Hotan, people call onions "skin buds", so skin buds, peppers, and tomatoes form "skin spicy red", which is in line with the simplicity and directness of the locals. There are dozens of varieties of grilled bread in Hotan, Xinjiang, some are as small as the size of mooncakes, some are as large as pot lids, there are oil sacs, tits, meat buns and so on.
Hotan family breakfast also loves to eat buns, the locals call "Piti Manta", made of the best ingredients lamb as filling, is a favorite delicious food of the locals. It is characterized by white and bright oil, thin skin as paper, tender flesh and abundant oil, accompanied by the rich sweetness of Xinjiang onions, very refreshing and delicious. Usually eaten with naan or with pilaf. Eat with the buns, first put the buns in the cage drawer to distill a little, and then place the buns on top of the buns; eat with the pilaf, put the buns on the pilaf bowl. Regardless of the way to eat, sprinkle a moderate amount of pepper on the thin-skinned bun when eating, which can improve the taste and increase people's appetite.
Hotan family breakfast is very fond of drinking milk tea, the raw materials of milk tea are tea and milk or goat milk. The general practice of milk tea is: first mash the brick tea, put it into a copper pot or water pot to boil, after the tea is boiled, add fresh milk, and continue to use a spoon to raise the tea when boiling, until the tea milk is fully blended, remove the tea leaves, add salt and it is. But there are also those who do not add salt, only put the salt around, and put in the amount of salt according to each person's taste.
2. Lunch
Hotan family lunch love to eat pull strips, pull noodles is the common name of Xinjiang noodles, the dish is made without rolling, pressing and directly by hand, adding a variety of vegetables and beef and mutton. Its process is not worse than making a superior dish, from the selection of noodles, and noodles, waking noodles, kneading noodles, ramen noodles, below, to the selection of meat, selection of vegetables, cutting meat and cutting vegetables, mixing meat and cured meat, side dishes and ingredients have a set of strict processes, the noodles should be fine and uniform, round and smooth, and the dishes should be fried to have good color and flavor, tempting appetite.
Pilaf is also the favorite of local people's lunch, lamb pilaf, is one of the main recipes of Hotan, with mutton as the main ingredient, lamb pilaf cooking skills to stew-based, the taste belongs to the fragrance. Lamb pilaf is characterized by lamb flavor, carrots and raisins soft and sweet, and rice soaked in various aromas. No matter when, as long as it comes to the meal, the big and small grab restaurants are full of seats, large plates of meat pilaf, with a plate of small dishes, everyone eats happily. Even at home, pilaf is served as a staple food.
Hotan people also love to eat lamb stew with leather flower meat cistanche for lunch, and the leather flower meat cistanche is known as "desert ginseng", which has a high medicinal value and is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Historically, it has been used as a treasure of the tribute court by the countries of the Western Regions. Dayun, scientific name cistanche, known in Chinese medicine as goblin or golden shoots, is mainly distributed in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia. Cistanche is a parasitic plant that parasitizes the roots of the desert plant Thymes, somewhat like Cordyceps sinensis.
3. Dinner
All kinds of soup rice, fried noodles, steamed noodles, which is also one of the staple foods of the Hotan family dinner, hotan all kinds of soup rice are the staple food of every family, there is a song that sings "Mother's pull strips, Father's catalpa slices", which is one of the staple foods of the Hotan family. Fried noodles are also divided into two sections of fried noodles, dry sautéed fried noodles, etc., to know that Hetian's fried noodles are made of pulled strips, pure hand pulled out, special strength delicious. It is because Hetian people love to eat noodles and love to eat beef and mutton, so whether it is fried noodles or noodle soup rice is inseparable from beef and mutton, and even more inseparable from tomatoes.
Hotan's slices are based on mutton soup, and the more classic way to eat it is to pair it with fresh and fragrant wild mushrooms, and then add a variety of fresh vegetables before cooking, which is one of the few staple foods in Hotan to see vegetables. If there are many people eating together, you can also have a lamb stew. Lamb stew also has a cute name, called "sheep cover quilt", the method is a bit similar to the large plate of chicken, the fried lamb cover the top skin, until the dough is full of soup before starting the pot.
Hota's grilled meat pilaf is very delicious, compared to the noodle lungs rice intestines are a little more mysterious, do not go to Hotan you have no chance to eat, but also in the field is difficult to replicate the food. The noodle lungs are made by putting washed white sheep lungs and lamb belly together and filling them with syrup and spices. The rice intestines are chopped up with lamb liver, heart and intestine oil, add an appropriate amount of pepper, cumin powder, salt and washed rice, mix well, and pour into the washed sheep intestine and cook. It takes at least 5 hours from washing, kneading, filling to cooking.
Why do people in the Hotan area live longer?
1. Natural environment
Although the Hotan region is arid and rainy, windy and sandy, and surrounded by the Kunlun Mountains and deserts, the small environment in the Hotan Oasis is relatively superior. There are farmland watered by snowmelt water in Kunlun Mountain, the channels are longitudinal, the water is babbling, the surface water is relatively abundant, and the field is full of trees, and the households are hidden in the green trees. Many Chinese and foreign experts who have visited Hotan refer to Hotan as a "forest park".
2. Eating habits
The centenarians over the age of 100 in Hotan area mainly eat beef, mutton, milk and eggs, vegetables are mainly tomatoes, peppers and onions, and fruits are continuous throughout the year, and the elderly over 100 years old eat about 96.76% of fruits larger than 1 kg per day, and about 91.09% of those who use it for more than 6 months a year. No smoking, no drinking, no picky eating, diversified diet, and regular living and living are the experiences of the long-lived elderly in Hetian, Xinjiang.
Most people will let the elderly in the family eat some soft things, but in Hotan, many long-lived elderly people like to eat hard buds. The local tradition is to eat Bao Gu Naan to nourish the stomach, Bao Gu Naan add some dried apricots and raisins, the taste is very good. Hotan is rich in peaches, apricots, apples, melons and other fruits, and the elderly like to eat bread with walnuts and raisins. The bud bun is made with cornmeal. The unique thing about this kind of bread is that it is mixed with onions or carrots in the cornmeal, so it has a unique flavor.
Japanese scientists, who are also adept at capturing business opportunities, have conducted extensive scientific research on the diet of hot potato stew, which is customary to eat the tuber plant commonly known as Daiyu. The scientific name of Dayun is leather flower flesh cistanche, and the Hotan people are also known as desert ginseng and desert golden ginseng. In order to protect the country's rare animal and plant resources, in the late 1990s, the relevant Chinese departments banned the export of cistanche, so japan's relevant scientific research projects were fruitless.
3. Excellent water quality
People living here drink snow water from the melting snow on the Kunlun Mountains, and the water quality is very good. According to the measurement, the water contains sufficient trace elements such as magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, calcium and so on, which are very beneficial to human health. Among them, manganese element is an anti-aging element, which can prolong life. This was verified by the hair test of the elderly. Moreover, Hetian people usually drink cold water, and various trace elements are not lost.
4. Cheerful personality
Cheerful personality is also a common feature of centenarians. Hotan is the land of song and dance. At the time of the Mai Xi Lai Fu and the party song and dance party, many old people danced very cheerfully, and some even sang high songs. The elderly are usually cheerful and gentle, and the relationship between neighbors and family members is harmonious. In old age, most of them are full of children and grandchildren. In the face of all kinds of ups and downs in life, they can deal with it calmly. This open-mindedness is good for health.
Today's sharing is here, for this matter what do you think, welcome to leave a message in the comment area, like friends remember to pay attention to, Tao Ge will share different anecdotes every day, today's sharing is here, I wish you good luck in 2021, the source of wealth rolling, goodbye!