Editor's note: The heavy weapon of the country, the bottom of the country. As an "underground aircraft carrier" in the field of construction machinery, the TBM was once known as the "printing machine for foreigners". For more than ten years, China's high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises represented by Iron Construction Heavy Industry have turned foreigners' "printing machines" into Chinese "gas machines" through independent innovation!
Recently, Xiaobian specially planned the "Heavy Instrument of the Country" series of special topics, telling the story of the heavy instrument of the country from following and running, to leading.
The weight of the country
# Follow and run #
Catch up and catch up
In the 1840s, the shield construction method and its boring equipment were born and continued to develop in the West; China tried to develop boring equipment independently in the 1960s, but due to the weak basic industry and other factors, the localization of boring equipment developed slowly.
In the late 1980s, with the large-scale start of urban subway construction in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other places, foreign excavation equipment and tunnel construction technology continued to pour into China, and the concept of shield tunnel construction was more and more recognized by the industry, but at that time, all shield machines relied on imports, and China's shield machine manufacturing industry faced a sore throat. When the Xikang Railway Tunnel was built, two TBM (full-section rock tunnel boring machines) were introduced, which cost more than 600 million yuan at that time. Not only is the price expensive, but the service cannot keep up, the delivery cycle is also long, and it is subject to people everywhere.
At the beginning of the 21st century, China officially opened the independent research and development of key technologies of boring equipment and the localization of the whole machine. The first 973 plan in the field of shield technology was approved for implementation, and the shield machine/TBM technology also entered the "Outline of the National Medium- and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan", and China's domestic advantageous enterprises continued to accelerate their efforts. In this process, on the basis of the previous technology accumulation and engineering application, China Railway Construction has invested heavily in the establishment of a shield industry base in Changsha, Hunan Province, independently developed domestic shield machine/TBM products, and gradually formed an independent research and development road with its own characteristics.
The world's largest high-end underground engineering equipment manufacturing base
Iron Construction Heavy Industry Changsha Second Industrial Park
In 2010, the first EPB shield machine of China Railway Construction Heavy Industry "Pioneer No. 19" turned out to be born, and the localization rate created the highest record of domestic shield machines at that time, and was successfully applied in the Changsha Metro Project, which forced the "foreign shield machine" to reduce prices by 30% in China. Domestic brand shield machine products have gradually been applied in the domestic subway tunnel engineering market, and the product performance has gradually been recognized by the market, which has opened a wonderful curtain for domestic shield machines to replace imports.
# and run #
Continuous innovation replaces imports
China's complex and changeable geological environment is a challenge for tunnel engineering construction, and it is also a testing ground for the application of tunneling equipment engineering, which provides the most valuable data for the continuous technical upgrading of tunneling equipment products and construction methods; at the same time, the in-depth promotion of underground engineering construction in China has created a huge market demand for boring equipment.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, following the shield machine products and technologies, TBM technology was written into the "National "Twelfth Five-Year" Science and Technology Development Plan" and received support from the national "863 Plan" and "973 Plan" respectively. Among them, the scientific research and technological achievements - China Railway Construction Large Diameter TBM products have been successfully applied in the yinsong water supply project in central Jilin Province, completed the tunnel 14 months in advance, the main performance indicators reach or even exceed the foreign similar brand products, breaking the history of foreign monopoly on TBM, and creating the highest construction speed of similar section TBM tunnels in China.
During the excavation period, the first domestic large-diameter open rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction of the highest daily advance of 86.5 meters, the highest monthly advance of 1209.8 meters, the average monthly advance of 661.6 meters, refreshing the new record of domestic open TBM construction; created the highest TBM of the same kind of cross-section construction, TBM integrity rate of 94.70% per month, up to 98.06%, TBM utilization rate of 56.85% per month, up to 66.86%, TBM construction level reached the international leading.
Relying on the national "863" plan, the first domestic large-diameter open type
The Rock Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) rolled off the production line at Iron Construction Heavy Industries
With the continuous development and growth of the domestic shield machine / TBM industry, the continuous improvement of technology research and development strength and market competitiveness, the domestic new market share of domestic brands has increased rapidly to more than 90%, the product types and engineering performance have been continuously enriched, and the domestic brands and industrial bases of TBM represented by Iron Construction Heavy Industry have continuously highlighted their own value and refreshed the manufacturing legend.
Domestic largest diameter shield machine "Jinghua"
Nowadays, conventional domestic TBM products have been completely independently designed and manufactured, involving subways, railways, water diversion and other infrastructure and energy fields, product types, specifications and models have gradually improved, and the series has been continuously improved. Product types include shield machines, TBMs, pipe jackers, multi-mode TBMs, etc., which can realize horizontal, oblique and vertical boring, with a diameter from 0.5 meters to 23 meters, and the cross-section shape is extended from conventional single circle to rectangular, horseshoe shape and other special shapes.
Independently developed by Iron Construction Heavy Industry
The first domestic permanent magnet driven rectangular pipe jacking machine was successfully rolled off the production line in Changsha, Hunan
Under the efforts of domestic TBM development enterprises, domestic TBM rose against the market and overtook in curves. The world's first inclined well dual-mode TBM, the world's first permanent magnet synchronous drive shield machine, the world's first large-buried, variable diameter open TBM, the domestic largest diameter shield machine, the first domestic large-diameter open TBM, the first domestic double shield TBM...... A large number of major technical equipment put on the halo of the world's and domestic first sets, supporting the new height of Chinese manufacturing, and a large number of fist product technology reached the world's leading level.
# Lead #
Based in China, serve the world
Entering the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", domestic TBM development enterprises continue to increase investment in technology research and development, shorten the new product research and development cycle, continuously improve product technical performance indicators, transform and upgrade processing and manufacturing capabilities, innovate and optimize product engineering application service methods, and vigorously develop product application fields, domestic equipment has occupied an absolute advantage in performance, cost, quality, after-sales service and other aspects.
Iron Construction Heavy Industry exports Russian "five golden flowers" shield machines
Iron Construction Heavy Industry exports 11-meter-class large-diameter EPB shield machines to Russia
At present, Chinese TBMs have been successfully exported to Russia, Turkey, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, Italy, France and other countries and regions. In 2021, CSC Ranked First among the Top 5 Full-Section Tunnel Boring Machine Manufacturers in the World, Ranked 30th among the Top 50 Global Construction Machinery Manufacturers, and Ranked 5th among Chinese Construction Machinery Manufacturers.
With the continuous advancement of China's "Belt and Road" initiative, more and more domestic TBMs have gone abroad and gone to the world, writing a new world of Chinese manufacturing and creating a better life for local people.
This article is from Iron Construction Heavy Industry