1. Background of the release of the policy
On April 22, 2015, the four ministries and commissions of the state jointly issued the Notice on the Financial Support Policies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in 2016-2020 (Caijian [2015] No. 134), which clarified the requirements for subsidies for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in 2016-2020, products and standards, and capital declarations.
On December 9, 2016, in order to further standardize and strengthen the management of financial subsidy funds for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles, clarify the responsibilities of each link of fund declaration, allocation and use, and ensure the safety of funds, the four ministries and commissions of the state issued the Notice on Matters Related to the Approval Responsibility for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Caijian [2016] No. 877), which is a supplementary provision to the Notice on the Financial Support Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles in 2016-2020 (Caijian [2015] No. 134).
On December 30, 2016, the four ministries and commissions issued the Notice on Adjusting the Financial Subsidy Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Caijian [2016] No. 958), which not only adjusts the subsidy standard, but also changes the subsidy fund allocation method to post-liquidation, but also clarifies that the production enterprise is the responsible entity for ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the promotion information of new energy vehicles, and the local government is the responsible entity for implementing supporting policies and organizing promotion work, and has established a detailed punishment mechanism.
Summary: When applying for the 2016 national new energy vehicle subsidy, the production enterprise shall be subsidized in accordance with the "Caijian [2015] No. 134" and the "Caijian [2015] No. 134", but the enterprise must also apply for the 2017 national new energy vehicle subsidy in accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Caijian [2016] No. 958".
Second, passenger cars and special vehicle subsidy standards and technical conditions change
The Notice on Adjusting the Financial Subsidy Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (Caijian [2016] No. 958) was implemented after 1 January 2017. In terms of subsidy standards, the subsidy standards for buses and special vehicles are adjusted; in terms of technical conditions, the energy consumption, mileage, battery performance, and safety requirements of the vehicle are raised. The policy for 2017/18 is clear, and the future policy will continue to adjust with the development of the industry. In the future, the idea of subsidies will further encourage technological progress and support the superior and the strong.
(1) New energy passenger vehicles (subsidy standards for 2017-2018)
1. Increase the quality energy density requirements of the battery system: For the mass energy density of the power battery is not less than 90Wh/kg, the subsidy is 1:1 times higher than 120Wh/kg.
Impact on existing models: 90wh/kg is the easier threshold to reach, while reaching 120kw/kg is a certain difficulty. According to the data in the purchase tax exemption catalogue, the total energy of the power battery pack is divided by the total mass, and the mass energy density of the power battery system of a pure electric passenger car is roughly obtained, and the six pure electric passenger car models sold on the market are selected for comparison, and the results are shown in the following table.
Impact on the technical route: a major impact on the technical route of passenger car power batteries, ternary lithium batteries will become the mainstream choice of car companies; for the domestic Ningde era, Lishen, BAK, Wanxiang A123, AVIC lithium battery, Vaillant Power and other enterprises, as well as Panasonic, LG, Samsung, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Boston and other foreign-funded enterprises (currently equipped with foreign-funded enterprise batteries have not yet entered the "Catalog").
2. Subsidy decline: The state subsidy is 20% lower than in 2016, and the local subsidy is 60%.
Impact on model subsidies: Subsidy changes as shown in the above table, with a range of more than 250km for pure electric passenger cars up to 44,000 yuan.
Taking Lifan 330ev as an example, its driving range is 160km, its state subsidy is 45,000 yuan in 2016, and the local subsidy is 45,000 yuan in a 1:1 way with the state, with a total maximum subsidy amount of 90,000 yuan; in 2017, the energy density of the battery system of the Lifan LF7004EV model exceeded 120Wh/kg (calculated according to the fifth batch of data of the new energy vehicle purchase tax exemption catalogue). Its subsidies in 2017 are calculated according to 1.1 times of the state, and in 2017, it received state subsidies of 39,600 yuan, and local subsidies can receive up to 19,800 yuan, with a total maximum subsidy amount of 59,400 yuan, a decline of 34% compared with 2016.
Impact on enterprises: Due to the decline of subsidies, the equivalent disguised requirements for enterprises to reduce prices, and the adjustment policy was released too late, in January 2017, in addition to BAIC announced that the sales price remained unchanged, most new energy vehicle companies have not yet determined the new price system, the market generally appears "only order not sell" phenomenon, it is predicted that the new energy vehicle market in the first quarter of 2017 will decline year-on-year and month-on-month.
3, energy consumption requirements increased: pure electric passenger car products, according to the vehicle maintenance quality M is different, under working conditions 100 km power consumption Y should meet the following requirements: m≤ 1000kg, Y ≤ 0.014×m +0.5; 1000, Y≤0.012×m+2.5; m> 1600kg, Y≤0.005×m+13.7.
Models were met in 2015 and the first quarter of 2016
Impact on the company's product strategy: It can be seen from the above figure that with the gradual increase in the quality of the vehicle, the stricter the requirements for its 100-kilometer power consumption, that is, it is easier for small cars to obtain state subsidies, which is conducive to the development of the small pure electric passenger car market.
Impact on the industry: On the whole, most corporate models can meet the standards, and this indicator can avoid the extension of the mileage of the single chase of the enterprise, and turn to the improvement of comprehensive performance.
(2) New energy trucks/special vehicles (subsidy standards for 2017-2018)
1. The subsidy threshold is increased: the mass energy density of the new power battery system is not less than 90Wh/kg; the new requirements for special vehicles for transportation Ekg (energy consumption per unit load mass) are not higher than 0.5Wh/km.kg, and the power consumption of other pure electric special vehicles is not more than 13KWh per 100 kilometers.
2. Subsidy decline: Based on the total storage of power battery, the subsidy is given in a segmented excess regressive method, which is larger than the previous 1800 yuan / kWh national subsidy.
Taking Ruichi CRC5030XXYB-LBEV as an example, the battery load is 41.5kWh, the state subsidy in 2016 is 74,000 yuan, the local subsidy is 74,000 yuan according to the national 1:1, and the sales subsidy in 2016 is up to 149,000 yuan; in 2017, the model Ekg is less than 0.5, and the energy density of the power battery system exceeds 90Wh/kg, meeting the requirements of the national subsidy. In 2017, the state subsidy was 58,800 yuan, the local subsidy was up to 29,400 yuan, and the sales subsidy in 2017 was up to 88,200 yuan, which was close to 40.8% compared with 2016.
Third, changes in management, supervision, subsidy allocation and other aspects
In 2017, the subsidy policy developed and changed in six aspects: vehicle supervision and verification, subsidy trends, safety requirements, market spot check mechanism, dynamic management of the Catalogue, and subsidy methods:
(1) Vehicle supervision and verification
1. For new energy vehicles purchased by non-individual users to apply for subsidies, the cumulative mileage needs to reach 30,000 kilometers (except for special vehicles for operations), and the subsidy standards and technical requirements are implemented in accordance with the annual year in which the vehicle obtains a driving license;
2. The ministry of industry and information technology's national NEV supervision platform supervises the promotion and application of new energy vehicles on a daily basis;
3. Establish a verification system for new energy vehicles.
(2) Subsidy trends
1. In addition to fuel cell vehicles, the central and local subsidy standards and upper limits in 2019-2020 will decline by 20% on the basis of 2017, but may still be adjusted according to the market size and product progress.
(3) Security requirements
1. For models that cause safety accidents due to product quality, the subsidy funds are deducted according to the nature and severity of the accident, and the model or enterprise subsidy qualification is suspended.
(4) Market spot check mechanisms
Strengthen the management of the inspection link, and timely clean up the recommended model catalog for unqualified enterprises and products.
(5) Dynamic management of the Catalogue
1. After the new energy vehicle products are included in the Catalogue, the sales promotion can apply for subsidies. Models that are still not actually sold within one year will be disqualified from the Catalogue.
(6) Subsidy methods
1. Cancel the pre-allocation at the beginning of the year and unify it into year-end liquidation. The application materials shall be reviewed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in conjunction with relevant departments. The Ministry of Finance will issue subsidies based on the results of the audit.
4. Summary
In 2017, the adjustment of subsidy policy revolved around "retreat", "increase in subsidy threshold", "increasing difficulty and lagging behind subsidy acquisition", and "strict supervision after the fact", which has a greater impact on the industry in the short term. In 2017, it is predicted that there will be the introduction of relevant implementation rules in terms of supervision, as well as the introduction of policies that force the development of new energy vehicles in parallel with new energy vehicles such as carbon emission rights and fuel consumption regulations for new energy vehicles. It is predicted that the market will slow down in the first half of 2017, production and sales will be lower than expected, and will grow slowly at the end of the year, and the impact on the special-purpose vehicle market will be greater than that of the passenger car market.