In the southern section of Yiwu Road in Guilin City, Guangxi Province (formerly outside the Lize Gate), there is a tower-style bluestone building with Sun Yat-sen's handwritten inscription "The Founding Father Jiang Yiwu is righteous" on the front, and the payment is "Sun Wenjing Inscription". The remaining three sides are inscribed with Hu Hanmin's book writing jiang yiwu deeds, which are called Jiang Yiwu: "Duzhi revolution, Xinhai Wuchang attacked, with public merit as the crown." ”
This is Sun Yat-sen's 1921 visit to Guilin to supervise the Northern Expedition, to commemorate Jiang Yiwu's revolutionary exploits, "specially for the public monument", and instructed Hu Hanmin to "write a strategy for public affairs". Sun Yat-sen's inscription is a "respectful" word in the paragraph, full of true feelings.
Some people have verified that among the many revolutionary martyrs, Sun Yat-sen only enjoyed the honor of "founding father" among many revolutionary martyrs. Sun Yat-sen's "seal" includes Jiang Yiwu's merits, integrity, and influence.
Jiang Yiwu was born in 1884 in Lixian County, Hunan Province, and joined the League in 1906. Why did Sun Yat-sen praise Jiang Yiwu as the "founding father"? Later historians believe that he was the actual planner of the Wuchang uprising, the bold commander of the Wuchang uprising, the staunch defender of the victory of the Wuchang Uprising, and the staunch defender of the republican form of government.
A few years before the Xinhai Revolution, Jiang Yiwu used newspapers to propagate new ideas and actively carried out revolutionary agitation in the new army. He initiated the practice of armed revolution by plotting rebellion and reforming the New Army, so that one-third of the sixteen thousand Hubei New Army became a revolutionary party and one-third was inclined to revolution. In 1911, he founded the revolutionary group "Literary Society" and developed into a well-organized, large, heroic and warlike revolutionary armed force.
In 1911, under the influence of the Huanghuagang Uprising in Guangzhou and the "Baolu Movement" in Chengdu, Jiang Yiwu seized the opportunity and personally decided on the uprising plan in August. After the matter was exposed, Jiang Yiwu and others were arrested, and he did not mess up in danger, took the opportunity to escape, and re-passed on military orders to continue the incident. At about 8 p.m. on October 10, Xiong Bingkun, a party representative who was convinced of Jiang Yiwu, led the engineering battalion to fire the first shot. After a night of fierce fighting, the revolutionary army occupied wuchang city in one fell swoop.
At the beginning of the Wuchang Uprising, the Qing court violently counterattacked. When Hankou was lost, Hanyang was also defeated, Huang Xing left Hubei, Li Yuanhong fled to garrison Gedian, and Wuchang was almost in danger, Jiang Yiwu was appointed as "supervisor of the general headquarters in wartime", "commander-in-chief of nursing wartime", "defending the dangerous city, but strong enemy", turning the tide and stabilizing the status of the city of Shouyi.
After the "North-South Peace Talks", Jiang Yiwu saw the political trend of Yuan Shikai's refusal to take office in Nanjing and other acts -- dictatorship, not tempted by Yuan's solicitation, and added the rank of general to the army conferred by Yuan, and he politely refused to accept it. When Sun Yat-sen was forced to resign, Jiang Yiwu resolutely led the "Literary Society" as a whole to join the League.
In 1913, the Kuomintang launched a "second revolution" to oppose Yuan Shikai's dictatorship, and Jiang Yiwu, who was in his hometown of LiXian County, received a telegram from a friend urging him to go to Changsha to launch Hunan independence, and said to his parents: "Son swears to kill thieves and protect the republic, otherwise he will not survive." ”
Soon after, the "second revolution" failed, Hunan announced the abolition of independence, and Jiang Yiwu had to flee Hunan with other revolutionaries. While passing through Quanzhou, Guangxi, he was arrested and taken to Guilin, where he was killed on September 9, 2009. The founding fathers of the republic fell into a pool of blood!
Before his execution, Jiang Yiwu wrote four desperate poems, two of which were:
"Where is the arrogance of that year? So angry! My grievances are gone, and the sword of the empty remnant is a cold cry. ”
"Cutting off the dust root senses in late autumn, the Central Plains ownerless multiplied the worry!" Who supports the country? Only the waters of mourning remain. ”
In the poem, he expressed his regret that his ambitions had not been rewarded, his sorrow that the regime had fallen into the hands of Yuan Shikai and that he was unable to achieve his revolutionary goals, and even more so with his hope for changing the status quo in China.
(Hunan Daily reporter Li Guobin sorted)