Text/Gu Ying
<h1>The last name source stream</h1>
The study of the gu clan is generally based on Gu Yanwu's "Gu Clan Genealogy Examination", and it is reported that Gu Shi is a descendant of Yue Wang Gou Jian. Because Gou Jian worshipped the ancient Dayu (姒 surname) as the ancestor, he thought that he was a prince of the Gu surname, so the later Gu family tree generally traced the gu family ancestor back to Dayu, and then believed that the Gu clan was derived from the surname of Gu. According to historical records such as the "Records of History" and the "Book of Han", Emperor Hui of the Western Han Dynasty made his descendant Min Junyan the King of the East Sea, and Wang Yu in Dong'ou (in present-day Wenzhou, southern Zhejiang), and Shao bei named his son Gu Yuhou, which was the beginning of Gu's surname. Gu Yewang's "Chronicle of Youdi" says: "Emperor Wen of Han regarded the son of Wang Shu of the Eastern Sea as The Marquis of Gu Yu, went to the county, and sat on the gold to lose the country, that is, here also." "It is further clarified that Gu Yuhou's fiefdom is in the area of Xiyu Mountain (ancient gu yu mountain) in Huzhou. When Emperor Wu of The Han Dynasty besieged Dong'ou, Emperor Wu ordered all the people of Dong'ou to be relocated to Jianghuai. The Gu clan moved to Wu (around present-day Suzhou), according to the Qing Dynasty Gu Zhentao's "Wumen Table Yin": "Dayao Village (now in Suzhou Chefang), the early Han Dynasty Yuejun shook this place, the ancient name of the city. An Zhuzi, whose surname is Gu, is the ancestor of the Shigu clan who moved to Wu. Great-grandson (Gu) Gui moved to Hengshan, Guizi Ao, with filial piety to carry the Zhishu, lived in Taihu Lake, the tenth Sun Rong, moved to Guangfu Mountain. Youyun: "Gu Rong, the word Zhongrong, Dou Wuzheng did not go, living in seclusion in Guangfu Mountain." Therefore, Suzhou Guangfu was the most important settlement at the beginning of the Gu clan, roughly concentrated in Juwu (present-day Guangfutan East) and Guishan.
<h1>Dun Hou family style</h1>
Guangfuxi is bordered by Taihu Lake, with green mountains and green waters, abundant products and excellent terrain, which provides good conditions for the reproduction and development of Gu's family. After one or two hundred years, by the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, the Gu clan had gradually become the first prince of Jiangnan, and together with the other three surnames, they were called "Gu Lu Zhu Zhang". At that time, the representative figure of the Gu clan was Gu Yong, Gu Yong (168-243), the character Yuansi, a native of Wu County, who studied guqin and calligraphy with cai Yong, a Central Plains writer and calligrapher who lived in seclusion in Wu, when he was young, and was praised by Cai Yong, who was the first pianist in Jiangnan with a historical record. Gu Yong began as the governor of Hefei, and then moved to the Wu state of Liling Marquis and Xiang Xiang, who served as the minister for nineteen years, and his term of office was stable and his political achievements were outstanding. Gu Yong has a gentle personality and acts appropriately. The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms says that he was "obedient in his words and upright in his deeds", and Gu Yong was not ostentatious, calm and heavy-handed, and low-key, and treated people with generosity and strict discipline, thus creating a tolerant and thick door style, known as "Gu Hou". Under the influence of good door style, the Gu clan became one of the most famous cultural families at that time, and Gu Yong's descendants such as Gu Shao, Gu Cheng, Gu Rong, Gu Huan, etc. were all popular. Gu Yong's tomb is in Xiaowangshan, Suzhou. By the time of the Southern Dynasty, Gu Yong's descendants Gu Ziqiao, Gu Xuan, and Gu Yewang were even more knowledgeable and talented.
Guangfu copper pit scenery
Gu Yong
<h1>The ancestor of ZTE</h1>
After Gu Shi obtained the surname, there were successive revisions, such as the Three Kingdoms Gu Yong compilation "Ji Surname Origin Flow Strategy", Gu Ye wang wrote ten volumes of "Gu Clan Genealogy Biography", but these genealogies were scattered. After experiencing the catastrophe of war, the earliest surviving old genealogical sequence is the "Shihan Complete Genealogical Sequence" written by Gu Xing of Guangfu Juwu (present-day Tandong Tanxi) in Wu County in the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1295). The stone letter spectrum is a spectrum discovered after the great chaos of the Song and Yuan dynasties, when the phenomenon of broken chains occurring in the spectrum is extremely common, so the reliability of the stone letter spectrum is relatively limited. However, the genealogy of the later generations had no choice but to base it on the Shihan genealogy, according to which the Gu clan of Jiangnan generally had Gu Yewang as the ancestor. Gu Yewang (519-581), also spelled Xi Feng, was a Wu dynasty official of Wu County, and his grandfather Qiao and father Ju were all from Liang. The wild king has read through the history of the scriptures, all astronomical geography, yarrow turtle occupation, insect seal strange characters, everything, gong poetry, good calligraphy, Danqing. Yu Chen Shi to Huangmen Shilang and Guanglu Qing, whose tomb is in Shihu Xiazhou Village, Suzhou. Gu Yewang's works in his lifetime were rich, involving literature, philology, Fang Zhi, historiography and other aspects, and he was the cultural master of the time, also known as the "ancestor of Zhongxing" of Gu's family. Later generations of Suzhou Wuxi area gu clan genealogy is basically based on the five sons of Gu Ye Wang as the initial distribution, sui and Tang to Song, Gu clan began to spread from Guangfu Tongkeng on a large scale to various places, according to the genealogy, Wuxi Gu clan is mainly Gu Luan, a descendant of Gu Ye Wang's fifth son Yunnan and Gu Feng's descendants.
<h1>Send liang creek</h1>
Wuxi has always been the heartland of Wudi, as an indigenous clan in Jiangnan, Wuxi is also one of the important breeding places of the Gu clan, but before the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were very few Gu celebrities who appeared in the historical records. Gu Kaizhi of the Jin Dynasty also lived in Wuxi because his father Gu Yuezhi was a magistrate in Wuxi, and became the first Wuxi celebrity with the surname Gu in history. Judging from a number of Wuxi Gu family trees, most of the Gu clans that have multiplied so far have moved to Wuxi in the Song Dynasty or after the Song Dynasty, and there are roughly nine branches of the wuxi in the history of the genealogy, and later, there are five main branches:
1. Shangshe Jingli Branch, the first to move from Suzhou to Wuxi Shangsheli (in the former Town of Chang'an) at the end of the Song Dynasty;
2. Jiaoshan Branch, Gu Runzhi moved from Suzhou Dongting West Mountain to Wuxi Jiaoshan in the early ming dynasty;
3. Wanshan Experience Branch, the first migration of the ancestor Yuan Jiu in the Southern Song Dynasty from Guangfu to Wuxi Huairen Township Chongjieli (later known as Gu Shu);
4. Xixi Branch, Gu Yingyang family moved from Changshu to Xi in the Ming Dynasty;
5. Hongqiao Branch, the ancestor of the ancestor Gu He moved from Kunshan Qiandun to Wuxi Ronghu Zhuang Dinghuli (now in the Jinma International Plot) during the Ming Dynasty.
So far, other branches with more populations include the South River, Mapan, Qianqiao, and Pontoon Boats. By the beginning of the 21st century, the permanent population of Wuxi Gu surname was about 70,000 or 80,000, which was the surname with the highest number of people in Wuxi. In history, the Gu clan not only dominated the population in Jiangnan, but also made great contributions to culture, and the Gu celebrities had unusual characteristics in art and literature, and the Gu clan in Wuxi was no exception.
<h1>Danqing pen and ink</h1>
Gu Kaizhi, the character Changkang, the small character Tiger Head, the Jin Dynasty Wuxi people, is famous for "painting absolute, talented, obsessive" and is respected by later generations as the "painting ancestor", he put forward the famous thesis of "thinking of wonderful" and "writing god in shape", which has a profound impact on the development of Chinese painting and aesthetic art. Many descendants of Gu surname in Wuxi are famous for painting calligraphy, such as Gu Zuyuan in the Ming Dynasty, Gu Yingtai, Gu Huisheng, Gu Han, Gu Mengxiang, Gu Guangxu, etc. in the Qing Dynasty, Gu Kunbo in modern times, and Gu Frog in modern times. Many Wuxi Gu calligraphers and painters have a side idle chapter, known as "After the Tiger's Head", in order to express a kind of admiration for their ancestors, but also reflect the continuation of the family cultural tradition.
<h1>Poetry</h1>
Wuxi Gu Clan Kejia flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and there were 26 zhongjin soldiers, ranking fourth among the Wang clan. The three rooms of Jingli have five generations of Kedi, which refer to Gu Xiancheng, Gu Youmu, Gu Shu, Gu Zhenguan, and Gu Kailu, of which Gu Xiancheng and Gu Kailu are jinshi, the rest are from the same generation, and Gu Kexue is a jinshi of the same ethnic group.
Gu Xiancheng
<h1>Academic vocabulary</h1>
The Ming Dynasty with Gu Xiancheng and Gu Yun as representatives, who spent their lives studying science and technology in connection with reality, combined lectures, deliberations, and affairs through the restoration of Donglin lectures, had a tremendous and far-reaching impact on future generations.
Gu Kejiu's descendants such as Gu Daochun, Gu Jiashun, Gu Chen, And Gu Kuiguang were also proficient in scripture and left a lot of writings; Gu Shi of Xixi produced such a scholar as Gu Donggao. These children of the Gu family not only delve into scripture, but also made extraordinary achievements in lexicology, such as Gu Kejiu, Gu Qijing, Gu Qilun, Gu Daojie, Gu Chen, Gu Cai, Gu Ling, Gu Han, Gu Guangxu, Gu Kuiguang, Gu Zhenguan, Gu Zhenli, etc., of which Gu Daojie was also good at drumming and harping in the Ming Dynasty, and Gu Zhenguan, Gu Zhenli, Gu Cai, Gu Han, and Gu Ling were all the leaders of the early Qing Dynasty, Gu Zhenguan had the famous "Bullet Finger Words" left in the world, Gu Cai Gongqu, and there were plays such as "Post-Pipa Ji" and "Great Thunder".
Gu Yuncheng
Gu Zhenguan
<h1>Historiography</h1>
Gu Ye Wang once compiled the "Chronicle of Youdi", which is a national general geographical chronicle, is the earliest geographical monograph in China, so Gu Ye Wang is also a public opinion of the people, Wuxi Wanshan Experience Branch of Gu Zuyu inherited the academic tradition of the ancestors, became the Youdi family, its high ancestor Gu Dadong, great-grandfather Gu Wenyao, grandfather Gu Longzhang, father Gu Rouqian are engaged in the study of public opinion, Gu Dadong wrote the "Nine-Sided Diagram Theory". Under the influence of The Study of the Lei Family, Gu Zuyu combined his own research and wrote a huge work, "Minutes of Reading Historical Fang Public Opinion", which is known as "a masterpiece of ancient and modern times" and "a turtle jian of ancient and modern times, and a medicine stone for peace", which is an important document for the study of China's military history and historical geography. According to the latest research, Mao Zedong studied the "Minutes of Reading History and Public Opinion" many times in his early years, and the choice of the route of the Red Army's Long March later benefited from the guidance of this book.
<h1>Garden pavilion</h1>
The Eastern Jin Dynasty Gu Peijiang (Wu County) built a garden called the Peijiang Garden, which is the earliest jiangnan private garden in history except for the homeland, the literature contains: Since the Jin Dynasty, there is a victory of the pond hall forest spring, the number Of Wuzhong first. In the Ming Dynasty of Wuxi, there were many gardens built by Gu Kexue, Gu Kejiu (字民意新, alias Dongyang, deputy envoy of the Guangdong Inspection Division of the Ming Dynasty, known for his direct and courageous advice, and was Hai Rui's teacher) qingxi zhuang, etc. In addition, there are three gardens in the history of Wuxi with the name of "breaking through xinjiang", one was built by Gu Chen in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Gu Chen, Gu Kejiu's fifth grandson, is also a famous bibliophile in Wuxi, whose collection of books can be matched with changshu Qian Qianyi's Daiyun Lou, and the books are hidden in the Garden of Frontiers he built. In the early Qing Dynasty, when the literary prison was in full swing, the books were burned and the garden was abandoned. Gu Chen's history of the Frontier Garden is located in Xiguan, Wuxi, that is, in the area of Xue FuchengQin's envoy in the western section of the current Xueqian Street; the second is the Gu Bao Mansion in Baishengfang Lane, which was originally built during the Daoguang Years and has a garden in it, called "Peijiang Villa". The third is the modern Hongqiao Gu Clan built a frontier garden in Huanxi Lane in the city, and the owner of the garden is Gu Kangbo (Gu Yuxuan's uncle).
Gu Kejiu
<h1>Tin City elite</h1>
Gu clan is generally scattered throughout the urban and rural areas of Wuxi, the Gu clan who can settle in the city, in addition to engaging in ordinary business, medical and other occupations, generally have a certain economic, political or cultural status, according to the Republic of China and some archives of the early liberation period, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Wuxi city mainly inhabited five Gu families:
1. In Places such as Baishifang Lane and Gujia Lane of Fengguang Bridge, they are mainly descendants of the Duke of Dongyang (Gu Kejiu), and the representative figures are Gu Shuhu, Gu Gaodi (patriotic general), Gu Shengnian (famous female pianist) and three generations of grandchildren, as well as Gu Zhuo (Zi shuzhi, principal of the Provincial Third Division), Gu Heng (martyr), Gu Fu (agronomist), etc.;
2. There are descendants of Gu Xiancheng and Gu Zhenguan in Huaishu Lane and Cangqiao, that is, Gu Zhongchen and his people, and there are descendants of Gu Yuncheng in Zhenye Lane;
3. Former Xixi was originally the settlement of the Gu clan of Xixi, which originated from Gu Yingyang of Yu Qianxi in the Ming Dynasty, Gu Donggao, Gu Jun (Xue Fucheng's grandfather) and Gu Zongzhuo (1868-1929, QianHai's uncle) and Gu Tiefu (a famous archaeologist in the Forbidden City) all belonged to this branch, according to Xue Fucheng's "Notes on Yong'an", the family name was very popular for a while, but it was unfortunate that later people did not prosper;
4. Gu Bao (county Zhiqi Shuoshu has a legend) who is in the same hall as the fifth generation of Baishengfang Lane, and Mr. Gu Panzeng of the CppcC Municipal Committee is his grandson;
5. The Gu clan under the Hongqiao, that is, Gu Yuxuan's family.
Gu Baochen (Zi Binsheng), the main compiler of the "Genealogy of the Gu Clan" and the president of the county peasant association, also lived in the city for a long time.
In some parts of the city, the Gu family and other noble families formed a local gentry class through teachers, students, marriages and other means, widely involved in local government affairs, education, public welfare, industry and commerce and other affairs, Gu Binsheng was one of the representative figures of the Gu clan, at that time it was basically a pattern of co-governance between local officials appointed by the government and local forces, until liberation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Wuxi City was established, Gu Feng was the first mayor, he made many contributions to the beginning of Wuxi municipal construction, he is a descendant of shangshejingli branch.
Gu Zhongchen
The first mayor of Wuxi - Gu Feng
Genealogy of the Gu clan
Qilu fought against Gu Binsheng, a local meritorious figure in Wuxi
Gu's ancestors left many relics in Wuxi, some of which are in the southeast of the county, such as the tomb of Gu Rong in the Eastern Wu Jingzhou Thorn History of the Three Kingdoms in the southeast of the county; Zhang Jing Duan JuTang, the birthplace of Gu Xiancheng's brothers, donglin Academy in the east of the city, is the place where Gu Xiancheng gu Yuncheng taught, Gu Xiancheng's tomb is in Guanjing Banqiao (currently in the north of Xiyu Road, Chaqiao); Gu Kejiu and Gu Xiancheng's ancestral halls are in Huishan, Gu Zhenguan Jishuyan is next to the Duanwen Gong Ancestral Hall, the ruins of the Finger Hall are next to the Ninja Grass Temple, and the tomb of Gu Zhenguan is in Yandai; the Wanshan Pagoda built by Gu Dadong's family is in Yangjian Wanshan Village Hongqiao Gu's "YanyuTang" (Gu Yuxuan's former residence) is on Xueqian Street.
DuanjuTang - Gu Xiancheng's former residence
Tomb of Gu Xiancheng