In the 14th century, for China at that time, Zhu Yuanzhang, a peasant by birth, overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and established the Ming Dynasty, and the Mongol Empire in Central and Western Asia also began to fall apart; the Black Death epidemic in Europe further weakened the authority of the church, and the Renaissance gradually began.
In Africa, the Mali Empire in West Africa, benefiting from the development of trade, ushered in its heyday.
The Mali Empire, roughly located in the areas of present-day Mali, Ghana, and Senegal, was an Islamic state with a long history that arose in the first half of the 13th century and died in the early 17th century.
In 1217, their legendary leader Sondia tower was born. At that time, Mali was only a small tribe, controlled by the neighboring kingdom of Ghana, and as the prince of the tribe, he became a target for hunting. In order to resist the invasion, he borrowed troops from Maima and finally won the victory.
In 1235, the Sioux invaded. At this time, only 19 years old, he united the Mandingo people, successfully defeated the Soviet army in the Battle of Kirina, and laid the foundation for the Malian Empire. At this time, the Mali Empire also underwent further political development, formed a perfect centralized structure, and further expanded the strength of the army.
Mali also expanded in the following generations, gradually occupying west Africa. At that time, the world trade of various countries also further expanded with the development of the economy. The West African region also had an unparalleled advantage, that is, it was rich in gold resources, as the hard currency of trade at that time, with the expansion of the empire's territory, the Mali Empire began to emerge on the world stage.
In 1325, the ninth King of the Mali Empire, Mansamusa I, reigned. At this time, the Mali Empire had officially reached its peak, and he, who had close ties with West Asia, went to Mecca as an Islamist to meet him, and the situation of materials he brought with him was staggering.
There were 500 slaves with him, and each slave carried 6 pounds of gold, which was only a dime. As many as 100 camels were used, and each camel carried as much as 300 pounds of gold. A total of more than 30,000 catties of gold. While in Cairo, Egypt, gold prices in the local market also fell by as much as 12% due to Mansamusa's spending.
But the extremes of things will be reversed, and the prosperity of the poles will decline. At the same time as the Mali Empire was strong, mali's internal struggle for the throne began to decline. In the 17th century, the Mali Empire was defeated by the Bambara and eventually perished.
On top of the former homeland, the current Republic of Mali can be described as no longer beautiful.
After breaking away from French colonial rule, the Republic of Mali was established. However, because of the shrinking of Mali's land area at this time, the loss of the Gold Coast, only the inland area, not only the loss of the sea, but also because it is located in the heart of the Sahara Desert, the tropical desert climate, the climate is dry, the soil carrying capacity is very small, and the population is expanding sharply, which also leads to the internal economy of the Republic of Mali is very backward.
In addition to simple agricultural production, most of them are basic primary industries, and now in the comments of the United Nations Human Development Report, this once prosperous country has given an evaluation of one of the world's least developed countries.
References: The Mali Empire, Notes on the History of Ancient Civilizations in Black Gold and Islamic West Africa