Love and hate Sui and Tang (2) The powerful Northern Wei Dynasty

2, generations of strong

Smelling of the Hun lord, the miscellaneous rides up the dust.

Column view Nagahirasaka, drive the horse Wei Bridge to come.

Seven teenagers while selling wine read out the extremely circulated poem "Ana Gem", the world was peaceful, the steppe overlord RouRan surrendered under the blows of the Northern Wei Dynasty for many years, the Khan Ana Gem gave him the residence of Luoyang, was enfeoffed as the Duke of Shuofang County, when he defected to the Northern Wei Dynasty, the whole city was sensational, thousands of people were empty, I don't know who made this small poem, popular for a while. The powerful Northern Wei Dynasty reached its peak, how rich it was at that time, the warmth of good food and clothing, and the good days were just around the corner, as if it could be caught with a hand.

The beginning of this period of history began with Sima Yan, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, who inherited the three generations of Sima Yi, Sima Shi, and Sima Zhao, usurped Cao Wei as emperor, and in 280 AD put down Sun Wu, and the division situation since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty was temporarily unified, and Sima Yan deposed the armed forces of the prefectures and counties, divided the clan offices, and planted the root cause. After Sima Yan's death, his son Sima Zheng took the throne as Emperor Hui of Jin, a famous demented emperor in history, the world was famine, the people had no food, and the emperor asked, "Why don't you eat meat?" "The words of the ages. Empress Jia Nanfeng launched a palace coup, the Jin dynasty killed each other, the national strength was empty, the people's livelihood was withered, and the military strength was rapidly declining, which was the rebellion of the Eight Kings.

The Hu people, who were defeated by the Han Dynasty and the Wei Wu Emperor Cao Cao, continued to move inland and were oppressed by the Gaomen Wang. In 299 AD, the crown prince Washima Jiang Tong's "Treatise on Migration" became famous in the world, proposing to release the Hu people back to their hometown, comfort their nostalgia for their homeland, and alleviate the great calamity, but unfortunately it was not adopted. In the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, the kings of the Jin Dynasty colluded with the Hu people to fight each other, and the Hu people took the opportunity to rise, and established dozens of regimes in more than a hundred years, known in history as the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms. At the end of this great turbulent era, the Tuoba tribe of the Xianbei tribe gradually became stronger, and Tuoba Jue rebuilt the country, known as Emperor Daowu of Northern Wei, changed the name of the country to Wei, moved the capital to Pingcheng, and was called emperor the following year. Emperor Daowu was killed by his son Tuoba Shao, Tuoba Si killed Tuoba Shao as emperor, and his eldest son Tuoba Tao took the throne, the small character Buddha, making good use of cavalry, defeated Rouran, destroyed the Helian Xia Kingdom, Northern Yan and Northern Liang, and drove Tuguhun from the west, unifying the north in 439 AD. At the same time, the Eastern Jin general Liu Yu replaced the Jin Dynasty with his great martial arts, establishing Liu Song to confront the Northern Wei Dynasty, and history entered the Southern and Northern Dynasties period.

The subjects are involved in the state frontier, witnessing the poverty, wandering and scattering, not surviving two of the ten, carrying the old to help the weak, and not stopping on the road. Selling wives, abandoning each other, dying in danger, white bones, wailing voices, sentimentality and anger. Crowds of Hu tens of thousands, Zhou Za four mountains, moving to be plundered, kai witness Kou. This is a passage played to the imperial court by Liu Kun of the Jin Dynasty of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Since the opening up of heaven and earth, the books contain the great chaos, and there is no such thing as this. The seven teenagers silently repeated this sentence, weighing the misery of the chaotic world: The rise of Great Wei, isn't the end of the chaotic world?

In 452, Emperor Zhongchang killed Emperor Taiwu and made Emperor Taiwu's young son Tuoba Yu emperor, killing him in October of the same year. The Northern Wei chancellor established Emperor Taiwu's grandson Tuoba Mao on the throne, killed Zong Ai, restored Buddhism, and built the Yungang Grottoes. Tuoba Mao's empress Feng Shi was clever and decisive, that is, the famous civilization Empress Feng, who was good at power and raised Tuoba Hong, the Emperor Of Xiaowen. Tuoba Hong' eldest son Tuoba Hong ascended the throne for thirteen years and became the son of Emperor Taishang, but was later killed by Empress Feng. In 490 AD, Tuoba Hong was pro-government, he admired the culture of the Central Plains, and in 493 AD moved the capital to Luoyang, changed the Tuoba surname to Yuan, banned xianbei language and clothing, wore Han costumes to speak Chinese, changed the hu surname to Han surname, encouraged Hu Han to intermarry, and married Han women as concubines to show his advocacy, and completed the great integration of the northern ethnic groups.

The seven teenagers talked about the facts, and there was a rare pleasure in their tone. Emperor Xiaowen died in 499 AD, the great era did not end, the prosperous world continued, his second son Yuan Ke succeeded to the throne, but unfortunately he died early in 515 AD, the five-year-old Yuan Xue succeeded to the throne, Empress Hu came to the dynasty, laying the foundation for the chaotic world.

Empress Dowager Hu! This thunderous name, she sat in the capital Luoyang, ruling over all directions. The emotions of the seven teenagers were very complicated, and Empress Hu was originally the concubine of Emperor Xuanwu Yuanke, and among the concubines, she was the second most virtuous concubine, and was the biological mother of Emperor Xiaoming. She was clever and witty, read and wrote poetry, shot arrows through pinholes, and personally approved the affairs of the imperial court. She continued the Sinicization policy, the country has been strong for generations, the contribution of the Eastern Yi and western regions has been endless, the mutual market has led to the southern goods, and the government treasury has overflowed. Empress Dowager Hu visited the silk storehouse and ordered the princes and concubines to bear the burden at will, and there were more than a hundred horses that were less than one hundred. Shang Shu made Li Chong and King Yuanrong of Zhangwu take too much, upside down on the ground, Li Chong's waist was injured, and Yuanrong's foot was damaged. Empress Dowager Hu snatched the silk cloth and let them come out empty-handed, being laughed at. Empress Dowager Hu believed in Buddhism, wantonly built Buddhist temple Buddha statues, did not hesitate to spend huge sums of money to build a huge Yongning Temple, royal relatives and powerful courtiers competed for luxury, Gaoyang Wang Yuanyong had the wealth of the country, the palace garden and the forbidden garden were similar, the servants were 6,000, the maids were 500, when they went out, the guards filled the road, and the songs and songs of home were blown day and night, and a meal was worth tens of thousands. Li Chong, who was not as rich as Yuan Yong, was extremely miserly, and once said: King Gaoyang has more than a thousand days in one meal. Wang Yuanchen of Hejian once fought with Yuan Yong, and the horses were all used silver slots, jade phoenix bells on the windows, and golden dragons spitting. When the kings feasted and drank, they made wine glasses with water essences, and the horse brain bowl and the red jade bowl were all from the western regions and were exquisitely made. Wang Yuanchen of Hejian showed the singers, famous horses and rare treasures, led the kings to visit, and said to King Yuanrong of Zhangwu: I don't hate me for not seeing Shi Chong, only hating Shi Chong's not seeing me. Yuanrong went home and fell ill, and King Yuanji of Jingguang came to visit and said: Your wealth is not less than that of the King of Hejian, why should you envy him? Yuanrong said, I originally thought that only the King of Gaoyang was richer than me, but I didn't expect that there was also the King of Hejian! Yuan Ji said, you are like Yuan Shu in Huainan, you don't know that there are still ears in the world! YuanRong laughed.

After a hundred years of strength, can not withstand ten years of luxury!

The slow growth of crops and livestock, the excavation of mineral deposits, the smelting of steel, and the upgrading of craftsmanship require the wisdom and efforts of generations, wealth cannot be produced quickly, but it can be plundered, and the magnates are rich and the people are displaced. It is a pity that Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang, and he still knew that the people were cold and warm, and his descendants were born in the imperial palace, arrogantly fighting for wealth, sucking the people's fat and people's ointment, indulging arbitrarily, squandering, consuming all the treasury, and heavily exploiting the people, and finally provoking a rebellion in Woye Town.