Shenzhen: Safeguarding the Multilateral Trading System and Building a New Pattern of Business Development_Shenzhen News Network

Editor's note: On November 10, 2001, the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization, held in Doha, Qatar, adopted a decision on China's accession to the WTO. On December 11 of the same year, China officially became the 143rd member of the WTO, thus opening up a new world of opening up to the outside world. To this end, we have specially invited some experts and scholars from Beijing and Shenzhen to write articles on the theme of commemorating the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO and firmly safeguarding the multilateral trading system, and discussed how to promote the development of local commerce in Shenzhen, how to take the 20th anniversary of China's accession as a new starting point, show new responsibilities, and help Shenzhen build a new development pattern. Twenty years ago, in Doha, the capital of Qatar, a small mallet knocked on China's accession to the World Trade Organization. 20 years later, China has adhered to comprehensive opening up and taken the initiative to assume responsibility, made great achievements in opening up to the outside world and global economic growth, and has always promoted multilateral trade and win-win results with its own development, shared development dividends with the world in opening up, and delivered a strong voice of development to the world in the course of reform. China's accession to the WTO has not only activated the surging spring tide of China's development, but also activated a pool of spring water in the world economy. Data show that from 2001 to 2020, China's GDP has increased by 8 times, accounting for 17.4% of the world's proportion from 4% to 17.4%, And China's average annual contribution rate to world economic growth is close to 30%, which is the main trading partner of more than 120 countries and regions, a strong magnetic field and investment highland of global capital. As a "window" city of reform and opening up, Shenzhen has always adhered to the development concept of combining "bringing in" and "going out", actively using both international and domestic markets and resources to attract global investment, realizing the historic leap from import and export trade to all-round high-level opening up, and becoming a banner of national reform and opening up. In 2002, under the great attention of the Shenzhen Municipal CPC Committee and the Shenzhen Municipal Government, our city seized the opportunity of joining the WTO and established the Shenzhen World Trade Organization Affairs Center, which is specifically responsible for Shenzhen's local WTO affairs. With the continuous expansion of the scope of work and the gradual extension of functions, in 2021, it will be renamed as Shenzhen Business Development Promotion Center (Shenzhen WTO Affairs Center), which specifically coordinates local WTO affairs working institutions, and also undertakes business development promotion work such as business development research, investment promotion, enterprise services, and complaints from foreign-invested enterprises. Now that Shenzhen has entered a golden period of development driven by "dual zones" and superimposed on "dual zones", the Shenzhen Business Development Promotion Center has taken the initiative to seize the opportunity, constantly innovate the work model, enrich the content of work, maintain the multilateral trading system with the WTO as the cornerstone with practical actions, and contribute local forces to improving the rules of global economic governance and promoting the construction of an open world economy. Local WTO work is often grasped. Attach great importance to the consistency of local trade policy documents with WTO rules, establish and improve the compliance review system of local trade policies; carry out local subsidy notification work, improve policy transparency, and maintain the core values and basic principles of the WTO such as openness, inclusiveness and non-discrimination; pay attention to technical trade measures, carry out special research on hot issues and organize publicity, and help enterprises accelerate the layout of the green economy. Actively pay attention to the information of international economic and trade frictions. Summarize, analyze and inform the international economic and trade situation and the risk of legal changes, provide economic and trade early warning information and decision-making reference, and guide and encourage enterprises in our city to actively respond to trade friction cases. In addition, it also took the initiative to undertake the major special work assigned by the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government to deal with trade frictions, which was fully affirmed and praised by the main leaders of the Ministry of Commerce, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government. In-depth refinement of forward-looking research. Actively promote research on topics in the field of business development, conduct detailed research on key issues involving international economic and trade rules, data compliance, trade in services and other fields, and combine the actual work to form a number of analysis and research reports on changes in international economic and trade rules. Courage to take responsibility to help the new pattern of high-quality business development Today's world is experiencing major changes unprecedented in a century, economic globalization has encountered adverse currents, and the new crown pneumonia epidemic has increased the instability and uncertainty of the world economy, but peace and development are still the themes of the times. In the face of the challenges brought about by economic globalization, unilateralism and protectionism should not be allowed to undermine the international order and international rules, but should reform the global economic governance system in a constructive manner and pursue advantages and avoid disadvantages. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which concluded last month, summed up the major achievements and historical experience of the party's century-long struggle, and now embarked on a new road to achieve the second centenary goal. The plenary session stressed that it is necessary to base ourselves on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, promote high-quality development, and comprehensively deepen reform and opening up. In recent years, the pace of development of regional free trade agreements has accelerated, by November this year, China has signed 19 free trade agreements with 26 trading partners, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) has ushered in the countdown to entry into force, and China also formally submitted an application to join the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (CPTPP) in September this year, which reflects China's sincere desire to share market opportunities with the world and is committed to promoting world economic recovery. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years of China's new journey of comprehensively building a socialist modern country, and it is also the first five years for Shenzhen to achieve the development goal of the first stage of building a pioneering demonstration zone of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The Municipal Business Development Promotion Center will also shoulder the historical mission of the new era, thoroughly implement the new development concept, adhere to the industry, serve enterprises, take the 20th anniversary of china's accession to the WTO as a new starting point, have the courage to take responsibility, and help build a new pattern of business development. First, it is necessary to focus forward-lookingly and consolidate the research foundation in the field of business. Establish a network of business development research resources, carry out multi-dimensional reform and innovation and policy research in the field of commerce, continue to pay attention to the changing trend of relevant international economic and trade rules, and deepen forward-looking research. Do a good job in analyzing and summarizing the business operation, promote the work of the postdoctoral innovation practice base, and lay a solid foundation and build a solid chassis for the realization of high-quality business development. The second is to forge ahead and help create a first-class business environment. Support enterprises to participate in the reshaping of the global industrial chain supply chain, promote industrial synergy at home and abroad, strengthen the promotion of foreign investment, and improve the efficiency of investment promotion. In accordance with the requirements of "first-class enterprises, first-class products, first-class environment, first-class services, first-class results" to build a diversified trade cooperation platform. Improve the enterprise service linkage and coordination work mechanism, establish a linkage, coordination, rapid response and effective response mechanism for enterprise appeals from top to bottom, provide a solid guarantee for optimizing the market-oriented and international business environment, and add resilience and vitality to the "double cycle". The third is to fight steadily and steadily, and improve the level of risk prevention and control of enterprises. Take the initiative to carry out the compliance construction service work of foreign-related enterprises, take various measures to guide enterprises to do a good job in their own construction through multiple channels, establish an effective compliance management system that meets their own characteristics and conforms to international rules, weave a solid and tight corporate compliance protection network, take into account development and safety, and enhance the international competitiveness of enterprises in our city. Xiong Guan Man Dao is really like iron, and now he steps forward from the beginning. At present, the development of the world economy is facing severe challenges, but the general trend of opening up and cooperation has not changed. Recently, the World Trade Organization announced the successful conclusion of the negotiations on the "Joint Statement On the Domestic Regulation of Trade in Services Initiative", which is an important outcome of the WTO plurilateral negotiations, and China as a key participant has promoted the success of the negotiations. At the historical moment of the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO, the Shenzhen Business Development Promotion Center will strive to seize the major historical opportunity of the construction of the "dual zone" in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Shenzhen Pilot Demonstration Zone and the implementation of the Shenzhen comprehensive reform pilot, so as to be a pathfinder for the country to explore the high-quality development of international trade rules, respond to new challenges, achieve new responsibilities, show new deeds, create a new situation, and help build a new pattern of shenzhen's business development! (The author is Yuan Xiaofang, member of the Party Group of the Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Commerce and director of the Shenzhen Municipal Commerce Development Promotion Center) Expert views Firmly uphold the multilateral trading system and make important contributions to promoting domestic and international rule of law Zhang Yuejiao On November 10, 2001, after 15 years of arduous negotiations, China finally joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). Over the past 20 years, China has abided by its international commitments, strictly abided by WTO rules, deepened domestic reform, opening up and the construction of the rule of law, actively participated in WTO multilateral trade negotiations and dispute resolution, and promoted international economic governance and the construction of international rule of law. First, China has benefited greatly from joining the WTO. China's accession to the WTO has given it the opportunity to negotiate and trade multilaterally on an equal and non-discriminatory basis with other members. Taking unconditional MFN treatment as an example, after the reform and opening up, China's foreign trade enterprises have long been plagued by the annual review system of the MFN treatment in the United States, and before the US Congress deliberates on whether to grant China MFN treatment every June, Chinese importers and exporters and US importers cannot decide to sign large foreign trade orders for the year, because the change in the MFN tax rate will cause potential losses of up to 20% and 30% of the cost on average. After the completion of the arduous negotiations on the Sino-US bilateral agreement on China's accession to the WTO, the United States removed China from the annual review list according to the WTO most-favored-nation clause and replaced it with normal trade relations, which made Sino-US trade predictable, stable and secure, and Sino-US trade developed like a blowout. In addition, the provisions of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism explicitly oppose unilateralism and discriminatory treatment, and trade disputes among WTO members should be resolved through the WTO dispute settlement procedure. China and its predecessors, the European Union, Canada and other members have repeatedly sued the WTO for specific cases of the "301 Measures" of the United States with unilateral measures and won, effectively safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of China's foreign trade and the multilateral trading system. At the same time, China has made important contributions to the WTO. The first is mutual trust and non-discriminatory treatment. The WTO covers that the agreement stipulates that the MFN treatment is mutual, and when China joins the WTO, other members automatically receive unconditional MFN treatment for exports of goods to China and imports of Chinese products. China's opening of its markets to WTO members is the most important contribution, and China's contribution to world economic growth has reached 30% in recent years. The second is a large tariff reduction. China has committed to stricter binding tariff levels than other members in its tariff reduction schedule for WTO accession. In the past 20 years, China's tariffs have been reduced from 50% or even 100% before its accession to an average of 7.4% now, which has played a great role in promoting the reduction of tariff barriers that the WTO has always been committed to. The third is to improve transparency. When China joined the WTO, it cleaned up and abolished more than 2,400 laws and regulations and 190,000 local policies and regulations that were inconsistent with WTO rules, which created a highly transparent business environment for China and foreign investors. The fourth is to actively participate in WTO multilateral dispute resolution. Since China's accession to the WTO, China has been a party to the WTO dispute resolution in 22 cases, 47 as a party to the lawsuit, and 190 as a third party. It reflects China's high respect for the WTO multilateral dispute resolution mechanism and the principle of international law in abiding by its international commitments. The first 20 years of China's accession to the WTO have yielded fruitful results, and the second 20 years will be even better. In the two cycles of international and domestic economic governance, China must first do a good job in China's economic development, continue to reform and open up, make up for shortcomings, and increase efficiency. In terms of foreign trade and economic cooperation, China continues to actively participate in the reform of the WTO, actively participate in the development of regional free trade agreements, safeguard the international multilateral system with the WTO as the core, and play a greater role in promoting international economic governance and promoting the development of international trade. Wang Qinhua is the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO this year, the 20 years of China's deepening reform and opening up, the 20 years of China's further integration into the world economy, the 20 years of earth-shaking changes in China's comprehensive national strength, and the 20 years of continuous progress on the road of governing the country according to law. I had the privilege of personally participating in a series of important work before and after China's accession to the WTO, and I learned to apply WTO rules in practice and benefited me for life. Since 1997, in the past ten years, I have studied and worked in the field of trade remedies, gained a deeper understanding of the rules of the World Trade Organization, and gained a more personal understanding of how to use international rules to protect domestic industries. To use the rules better, you must first learn the rules. Before I was exposed to WTO trade remedy law, I had been accustomed to thinking and dealing with issues administratively for many years. When we handled the first newsprint anti-dumping case in 1997, we were still very unfamiliar with the relevant laws of the WTO, and we did not even know how to write the questionnaire and ruling of the case. Various investigation systems and regulations are also blank, but this has stimulated our enthusiasm for learning. In addition to carefully studying the legal provisions of the WTO, we also invited professionals from all walks of life at home and abroad to give lectures, and in 1997, we held the first domestic anti-dumping and countervailing duty seminar. Before China's accession to the WTO in 2000, a nationwide WTO knowledge contest was held, which was attended by more than 5 million people across the country, playing an important role in enhancing the awareness of international rules among the whole people. The 2001 steel product safeguard measures case was China's first investigation of safeguard measures for imported products, facing many complex factors such as a wide variety of products, a long industrial chain, and a wide range of downstream users. Through extensive and in-depth research, we have found out the main imported steel varieties that have impacted the domestic industry, the needs of special users in the domestic downstream, and other related situations, and excluded some varieties that cannot be produced in China and have demand in China at the time of adjudication, and achieved good results and were unanimously praised by all parties. Since China's accession to the WTO, a total of 281 cases of trade remedy investigations have been initiated on imported products (according to the WTO statistical caliber, the same below), of which 262 cases of anti-dumping, 17 cases of countervailing and 2 cases of safeguard measures. These cases involve eleven industries such as chemical, metallurgical, papermaking, electronics, and food, giving full play to the role of trade remedy laws in maintaining a fair market competition environment. For many years, China has been the country that has been the most investigated by other countries for trade remedies, and many of them have been unfairly treated by our enterprises under the pretext of so-called non-market economies. Since our accession to the WTO, we have participated as a complainant in 22 WTO dispute settlement cases, involving unfair rulings by the United States, the European Union, Australia and other members on China's enterprises and export products. In the process of handling the case, we deeply feel that we cannot wait for the industry to be damaged before protecting, but we must move the checkpoint forward to warn of the damage that may be suffered. To this end, we have established a nationwide industrial damage early warning mechanism covering major industries and developed a scientific analysis index system. An industry contact mechanism has been established to regularly understand the operation of the industry and analyze the risks faced by industrial security. In recent years, the tide of unilateralism and anti-globalization in the international community has been surging, and the WTO is also facing an important juncture of reform. In the field of WTO trade remedy, we are not only loyal implementers of the rules, but also actively participate in the improvement of the rules, and will put forward our suggestions on how the WTO Appellate Body can resume normal operation and play an important role. (The author is the director of the Original Industrial Damage Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Commerce and the director of the Department of Mechanical and Electrical Science and Technology Industry) Shenzhen's WTO affairs work is facing a new situation and new tasks Zhang Jinsheng has passed through time, and this year has already marked the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO. China's formal accession to the World Trade Organization is a major event in China's reform and opening up, marking that China's reform and opening up has entered a new stage. Recalling the past, just when China joined the WTO, Shenzhen took the lead in setting up a special working body responsible for local WTO affairs in the whole country, the Shenzhen Municipal WTO Affairs Center. Under the correct leadership of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, Shenzhen's local WTO affairs work has been carried out in full swing and has been at the forefront of the country in many aspects. For example, the formulation of the "Shenzhen Action Plan for Responding to WTO Accession", the first case of China's anti-dumping victory (the anti-dumping case between Xinyi Glass (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. and Canada), the 337 investigation of the winning case, the review of the compliance of economic and trade policies of the governments at the two levels in the urban area, and the construction of the anti-dumping early warning system had a considerable impact on the domestic and even WTO headquarters at that time. Looking at the current dynasty, in the 20 years since China joined the WTO, the total economic volume has increased by nearly ten times, and its proportion in the world economy has increased from 4% to 17%, becoming the world's second largest economy. China's trade in goods has increased eightfold, becoming the world's largest exporter and second largest importer. For 29 consecutive years, FDI has ranked first among developing countries. China's outward direct investment has also risen from 26th to fourth 20 years ago. China's accession to the WTO has brought new opportunities for China to open up to the outside world, and has also played a great role in promoting Shenzhen's export-oriented economic development and export-oriented economic system. Looking to the future, the current world situation is in a major change that has not been encountered in a century, economic globalization has encountered adverse currents, unilateralism, protectionism, and hegemonism pose a threat to the development of the multilateral trading system, resulting in the WTO affairs also facing a situation and tasks that have never been seen before. First, the WTO itself faces multiple challenges and difficulties. Dispute settlement mechanisms exist in name only, the Doha Round stands still, and the functions of multilateral trade negotiations and trade policy monitoring are significantly weakened, and reform is urgently needed. Second, individual countries still use their hegemonic policies and use long-arm jurisdiction at every turn to attack and suppress other countries and regions in trade, science and technology, humanities and other fields. Third, regional economic cooperation is booming, such as the CPTPP (Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement) and DEPA (Digital Economic Partnership Agreement), which China is applying to join, especially the RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement), which will come into effect in 2022, and the EPA, CETA, USMCA signed by other important economies, all of which put forward stricter requirements for the next development of WTO affairs. At present, China has proposed to further expand opening up, promote a new development pattern of domestic and international dual circulation, coordinate to promote the construction of a strong domestic market and a trade power, and promote the coordinated development of domestic and external demand, imports and exports, the introduction of foreign capital and foreign investment. Combined with the opportunity of Shenzhen's "dual zone" construction, Shenzhen's WTO affairs work should continue to uphold the purpose of "close to the industry and serve enterprises", pay close attention to the dynamics of various foreign trade remedy measures, provide early warning services for Shenzhen enterprises, guide enterprises to strengthen compliance management, strengthen research on trade rules, and provide support for maintaining industrial security, especially the development and security of small and medium-sized enterprises and science and technology enterprises, and prevent and resolve various risks. A more open China will promote a more globalized world Tao Yitao this year marks the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO. While fully fulfilling its WTO accession commitments, China has not only opened its market by a large margin and achieved its own rapid development, but at the same time has benefited the world with the "Chinese miracle" and contributed China's strength to economic globalization. In 2001, the year of China's accession to the WTO, the total economic volume was only 10.9 trillion yuan, ranking sixth in the world, and the per capita GDP was only 0.14 million US dollars; the total import and export volume of foreign trade was 509.8 billion US dollars, and the utilization of foreign capital was only 46.8 billion US dollars. Today, 20 years later, China's total economic volume has reached 101.6 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world, with a per capita GDP of 11,200 US dollars, a total foreign trade import and export volume of 4,646.3 billion US dollars, and the use of foreign capital of 144.374 billion US dollars, ranking first among developing countries. In the past 20 years since china's accession to the WTO, China has fully fulfilled its WTO accession commitments, unswervingly expanded its opening up to the outside world, and moved from policy opening up to institutional opening up; in the process of moving from an export-oriented economy to an open economy, China has gone to the world and the world has entered China. Statistics in 2020 show that China has an average of more than 100 new foreign-funded enterprises every day, making it the world's largest inflow of foreign capital. At the same time, foreign investment is also developing by leaps and bounds. At the beginning of the market in 2001, China's outward direct investment was only 6.9 billion US dollars, and in 2020, this figure reached 132.94 billion US dollars. A more open China has injected a stronger impetus into the world economy derived from the concept of economic globalization. In the 20 years since china's accession to the WTO, China has taken firm and pragmatic steps on the road of promoting reform through opening up. According to the protocol on accession to the WTO, the central government has cleaned up more than 2,300 laws, regulations and departmental rules, and local governments have cleaned up more than 190,000 local policies and regulations, covering trade, investment and intellectual property protection. At the same time, the overall level of China's tariffs has also been greatly reduced, and the institutional reform brought about by the power of openness and the convergence with international practices has demonstrated the institutional charm of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the past 20 years since china's accession to the WTO, China has worked hard to eliminate institutional obstacles, taken the opportunity of extensively opening up its service market, continuously optimized the global industrial chain and resource allocation methods, vigorously promoted the adjustment and upgrading of the industrial structure, and laid a solid foundation for achieving high-quality development. As of 2007, China's commitment to the opening up of the field of trade in services has been fully fulfilled; the level of trade facilitation has been significantly improved, and the average customs clearance time of China's imported goods has been shortened to less than 20 hours, and the average customs clearance time for export goods has been less than 2 hours. The changes in these figures not only reflect the development of China's economy and the process of globalization, but more importantly, China's development and rise have increasingly won the recognition of all friendly countries and become a force that cannot be ignored in promoting global economic development. As WTO Director-General Ivira said: China's accession to the WTO is "a moment of watershed significance" and "without China, the WTO cannot be called a worldwide organization." "The global economy is the development direction for achieving common prosperity for mankind, and As a huge economy full of vitality and resilience, China not only needs a more inclusive world, but also a more inclusive China." Deepening reform and expanding the new pattern of opening up to the outside world will be a solid institutional force and guarantee for China to go to the world and the world to enter China. A more open China will drive a more globalized world. (The author is the director and professor of the Center for The Study of China's Special Economic Zones at Shenzhen University) The 20th Anniversary of China's Accession to the WTO: The Continuous Improvement of the Business Environment Tu Xinquan China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, which is a landmark event in the process of China's reform and opening up and the globalization of the world economy. In the 20 years since china's accession to the WTO, China has rapidly integrated into the global economic system and has become the world's largest foreign investor absorber. In recent years, China has continuously optimized the "soft" environment for doing business, continuously enhanced the "hard" strength of China's development, and injected a booster into the global economy. In 2015, China became the 16th member of the WTO to accept the protocol to the Trade Facilitation Agreement, and in 2016 established the "Inter-ministerial Joint Conference on Trade Facilitation work of the State Council" system, which is responsible for deploying, coordinating and guiding trade facilitation work and coordinating interdepartmental trade facilitation policies. China is an active promoter of investment facilitation agreements, vigorously promoting the implementation of investment guidelines, proposing for the first time the "Outline for Investment Facilitation Cooperation", and advocating the establishment of "Friends of Investment Facilitation" in the WTO. In order to be consistent with WTO rules, in accordance with relevant regulations and WTO accession commitments, China has successively revised a number of domestic foreign investment laws and carried out relevant laws and regulations reforms for transparency. In addition, to create a level playing field for all kinds of market entities, China continues to improve the market economy system, promote the reform of state-owned enterprises, and provide convenience for the development of private enterprises. In 2020, due to the impact of the new crown epidemic and the global economic recession, the total amount of foreign direct investment in the world has fallen to a large extent, but China has not declined but increased, becoming the world's largest foreign capital inflow country. First, a number of business environment indicators have made remarkable progress. For two consecutive years, it has ranked among the top ten economies with the greatest improvement in the global business environment. Second, foreign-funded enterprises have good expectations for the Chinese market, and most foreign-funded enterprises believe that the overall return on investment in China is positive and higher than the overall return on global investment. Third, the market access standards have been greatly relaxed, and the negative list of market access items has been continuously revised, and the management model of "one list for the whole country" has been implemented. Fourth, the enforcement of intellectual property rights has improved, and the government has promulgated and implemented a number of important policies such as the implementation of the national intellectual property strategy and the construction of an intellectual property power. Fifth, the atmosphere of R&D and innovation is strong, and various innovation incentive measures are frequently introduced, encouraging foreign-invested enterprises to actively participate in scientific and technological research and development. In the next step, in the construction of the business environment, it is recommended that the first is to continue to promote the reform of "decentralization and management services". Greatly streamline duplicate approvals, continue to carry out the pilot implementation of "separation of licenses and licenses"; improve the transparency of government department supervision, vigorously promote "Internet supervision" and other methods; further strengthen service awareness, and strive to achieve "one-stop" services as soon as possible. The second is to optimize the foreign investment environment. Comply with the Foreign Investment Law, gradually reduce the negative list of foreign investment access, strictly review administrative regulations that are inconsistent with the Foreign Investment Law, ensure fair competition between foreign-funded enterprises and domestic enterprises; provide supporting services and policy support for expanding trade, further improve customs clearance procedures, continue to expand port service access, and improve the service efficiency of various departments; and give play to the role of laws and regulations. The third is to promote fair competition among market players. Improve the independent innovation ability of private enterprises and vigorously carry out brand building; improve the financing mechanism for private enterprises to serve the development of foreign trade; and specially cultivate a group of professionals who are familiar with international trade and WTO rules. (The author is the dean of the China WTO Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics) (the original title is "The Twentieth Anniversary of WTO Accession, New Starting Point, New Responsibilities Shenzhen: Safeguarding the Multilateral Trading System and Building a New Pattern of Business Development") window. HLBath=1; window. HLBath=1;