Zhang Zhongjing's mythological story - The Prophet of Wangse
Bronze statue of the medical saint Zhang Zhongjing
Zhang Zhongjing, Mingji, (150 ~ 219 AD), a native of Nanyang of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a famous medical scientist in ancient times, wrote the book "On Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases" to integrate the legal prescription medicine into a furnace, opened the precedent of dialectical theory and treatment, and was respected by later generations as the ancestor of all parties and the saint of medicine. However, Zhongjing qiren, which is not passed down in the later Han Zhi, is scattered in the writings of Fang Zhi and the doctors, and the anecdotes are quite mythical and legendary. Today, we will take one or two to explore the medical evolution trend of mythological thinking consciousness, the trajectory of inheritance and development, and the historical and humanistic characteristics.
The Great Hall of the Healing Shrine
Look at the Prophet
The earliest anecdote of Zhang Zhongjing's "Prophet of Wangse" and the best historical credibility is the account of the preface to the Western Jin Dynasty Emperor Fumian's "Acupuncture and Moxibustion A and B Classic".
Emperor Fumian (215–282 CE), courtesy name Shi'an (字士安), courtesy name Xuanyan (玄晏), was a physician, writer, and historian of the Wei and Jin dynasties. In his early years, he studied Confucianism, and in middle age, he suffered from rheumatism, so in order to treat his own diseases, he explored medicine. He wrote in the preface to the Acupuncture and Moxibustion A and B Classics: "Zhongjing saw Wang Zhongxuan, who was more than twenty years old, and said: 'If a king is sick, he will die when his eyebrows fall for forty years, and his eyebrows will fall for half a year'. Serving five-stone soup is exempt. Zhongxuan was suspicious of his words and was not satisfied with the soup. On the third day of residence, he saw Zhongxuan and said: 'Do you take the soup?' 'Served.' Zhongjing Yue: "Se Hou Gu is not the diagnosis of taking the soup, why does Jun He lightly live?" Zhongxuan was silent. Twenty years after the fruit fell, one hundred and eighty-seven days after the death, and finally as he said. ”
Wang Zhongxuan was also known as Wang Yue ,王粲, a literary scholar of the late Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the seven sons of Jian'an. Zhang Zhongjing diagnosed Wang Zhongxuan's illness, and its mythological color was strong and fierce. Zhongjing looked forward to the prophet, predicting that after twenty years of Wang Zhongxuan's illness, "when the eyebrows fell, the eyebrows fell for half a year and died", and finally fulfilled Zhongjing's words. Such a mysterious and magical medical skill, "although Bian Que Canggong can not be added", Huangfu Shi'an commented that Zhongjing's medical skills surpassed Bian Que, and a few strokes outlined the sacred image of Zhongjing Doctor.
Jian'an Seven Sons Degree Guantu
The "History of Bian Que Biography" says: "Bian Que passed through Qi, Qi Huan Hou Kezhi." Entering the court, he said: 'The king has a disease in the heart, and the cure will be deep.' Huan Hou said: "The widow has no disease." ’...... Five days later, Bian Que saw him again: "Jun has a disease in the blood vein, and he is not cured of fear." The last five days of the disease in the stomach and intestines, the last five days of the disease in the bone marrow, Qi Huanhou's arrogant and arrogant attitude of "no disease for the few" finally made the disease into the bone marrow, "although the fate of the helpless", resulting in incurable. Bian Que was a divine doctor who had received the secret transmission of Chang Sang Jun, "seeing the five visceral crux of the disease", diagnosing the disease and becoming mysterious, even Zhang Zhongjing also issued an ancient exclamation in the "Treatise on Typhoid Fever and Preface", "Yu Every time he looks at the diagnosis of yue people into the qi, he looks forward to the color of Qi Hou, and he does not hesitate to sigh at his talent". Zhang Zhongjing diagnoses Wang Zhongxuan's illness, Bian Que looks forward to the color of Qi Huanhou, and the two legends learn from each other, reflecting a kind of coincidence, the shape of the gods, the plot is the same, the same.
"History" Bian Que saw the story of Qi Huangong
Throughout the ages, people's fear of the demise of life has produced many magical reverie, and there is a tendency to sanctify the healing art of healers. Even in today's highly developed era of scientific and technological information, it still deduces and carries the mindset of reviving the dead, living in the world, and divine healing.
In fact, interpreting the various perceptual understandings of nature as the existence of hidden forces, supernatural natures, and sacralization tendencies is a form of consciousness that has been prevalent in human society for a long time. Death is the threshold to the gods, ancient medicine including forbidden spells and witchcraft to conquer disease and death, so that life can continue, its supernatural nature is revealed, and the psychic warlocks and faith worship caused by it are the rich themes and contents of myths and legends, and the diagnosis and treatment stories of Zhang Zhongjing and Bian Que belong to this kind of expression.
With the development of social productive forces, the primitive totemic culture began to disintegrate, and the decline of witchcraft gradually evolved into folk rituals and religious contents with fixed meanings, and the worship of gods and cultural beliefs were enriched and perfected. The illusion of life, the fear of death, the hope of rebirth, enable the healer to separate from witchcraft, wandering at the connection between man and god, playing the embodiment of the god of life and death, inheriting the beliefs of primitive elves, magic, witch doctors, and magic. The sacralization of doctors and practitioners is highlighted in the consciousness of social folk culture.
In the eastern Han Dynasty portrait stone carvings, the image of Bian Que has a vivid and clear performance. In the stone carvings of the portraits of divine doctors unearthed in Weishan, Jinan, Jiaxiang and other places in Shandong, Bian Que is a god with human faces, a crown on his head, a bird's body and a long tail. Zhang Zhongjing, who lived at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, although his medical skills were comparable to those of Bian Que, there was no such cultural phenomenon recorded, which was related to the transition from primitive totemic worship to personified sect god consciousness, which was the evolution of ancient worship consciousness and the progress and development of faith culture.