There are three north-south axes in the Imperial Palace of the Qing Dynasty, and from the Noon Gate to the Shenwu Gate is the central axis of the Middle Road, which runs through the Imperial Palace. East Road has an axis in the Ningshougong district, from the Huangji Gate to the Jingqi Pavilion in the north. The West Road also has an axis, from the Great Buddha Hall of the Rear Hall of the Cining Palace to the south, through the main hall of the Cining Palace, the Cining Gate, the Changxin Gate, and directly to the South Heavenly Gate. Standing at the Cining Gate and looking at the Changxin Gate facing the south, you can pass through the Changxin Gate and see the South Heavenly Gate at the far end.
Changxin Gate was called Yong'an Gate in the Ming Dynasty, and inside is a small square with a slender north and south.
There is the South Heavenly Gate in the south of the square and the Range Rover Gate in the west, both of which are simple wall-by-wall doors. This area is considered to be within the scope of the Yuan Capital Palace, and in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Di smashed it and built the front hall of the aforementioned Renshou Palace called the Great Good Hall, which was burned down during the Jiajing period. When Jiajing built the Cining Palace for his mother, Empress Jiang, she built it into a garden. Five or six years ago, when the Forbidden City was digging cable trenches here, it dug out the rammed earth layer and ground nail piles in the underground part of the Great Charity Hall, which is professionally called hidden engineering. In the middle of the square, a section of old floor tiles has been preserved. The outside of the east wall is now closed, and inside it used to be a factory of the Qing Dynasty Office, and now it is the Repair And Technology Department of the Forbidden City. Inside the Range Rover Gate is the garden of Cining Palace, which was repaired in the Qing Dynasty. The garden area is not large, probably similar to the Qianlong Garden. There are not many buildings in the park, and the central building is the Xianruo Pavilion.
The Xianruo Pavilion is five rooms wide and three deep, and there are three holding houses in front. Two feet high pedestal, open the door in the ming room, and there is a royal road in front of the door. Above is the yellow glazed tile single eaves rest mountain top, hugging the roll shed rest mountain top. Surrounded by a circle of cornices, plum blossom cornices, and a wind-dowel brass bell hanging under the ridge.
The Kenjokan has been very renovated in recent years, and look at the superstructure inside the hall. Peony painted flat chess ceiling, liang fang is painted with dragon phoenix and seal, both preserved original state, but also newly patched parts. Experts have studied the characteristics of the styles of these bucket arches and say that the main hall of the Xianruoguan was built during the Ming Jiajing period, and the Baoxia was built during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty.
After the emperor of the pre-Qing Dynasty, the empress and concubines moved to Cining Palace, Shoukang Palace and surrounding small houses. Only after the New Year's Festival, the emperor came to invite an honor. Usually, there is nothing to do, and you can't expect the former emperor to come to the mercy, but you don't have to fight for favors. After these concubines wanted to open, they worshiped the Buddha every day, and they had to worship every lesson in the morning, middle, and evening. The empress dowager had private rooms to worship the Buddha in the Cining Palace and Shoukang Palace, and other concubines also set up a Buddhist shrine incense burner at the end of the bed in Kangtou, but they could go to this Xianruo Pavilion to worship the Great Buddha. Take a look at the arrangement of the buddhist hall inside.
The hall is arranged according to Tibetan Buddhist rules, and the front row is a cast bronze five-offering candle bottle. In the back row, there is a row of woodcut gold vases, and the front and back vases are inserted with woodcut gold coral trees. Then there is the offering table, on which are placed the eight treasures, and we have seen a set of gold-inlaid gems and eight treasures in the treasure house. There is no Buddha statue in the shrine, and it seems that this shrine should be hung with a Buddha image thangka. Brocade prayer flags hang from the beams, which are often faded.
To the south of the Xianruoguan is the Linxi Pavilion built by Empress Li, the mother-in-law of the Ming Wanli Emperor mentioned earlier.
Linxi Pavilion is a three-bay square pavilion with open doors on all four sides, and the doors and windows are simple diagonal lattice flowers. The slightly alternate sill wall is covered with glazed bricks, with forks and boxes carved with flowers, which is very ornate. Above is the bucket arch beam, yellow glazed tile blue shear-trimmed single eaves with a pointed roof, glazed exposed disc gilded orb ridge brake. The pavilion is built on a lotus pond with a ring of white jade handrail railings.
Go inside and have a look.
Above is the smallpox of the sea, peony painted flat chess, painted dou ba pan dragon flat algae well. The garden of Cining Palace is a hidden place, and it is very emotional, quite attractive and has the effect of attracting butterflies. Occasionally, a beautiful woman would come to the door and stand there, and it turned out that there was a photographer lying on the railing of the pool, taking the Nth picture of her in the private album.
In addition to adult beauties coming here to take ancient photos, there are also underage beauties.
Linxi Pavilion is surrounded by mountain stone trees, which is cool. To the south of the pavilion is a flower pond planted with peony.
In the past, there used to be a pavilion at each end of the flower pond, with Cuifang Pavilion in the east and Luyun Pavilion in the west. There is also a well pavilion on the south wall of the two pavilions, which leads the water to walk in the small canal on the ground and flows into the Linxi Pavilion Pool. Cuifang Pavilion, Green Cloud Pavilion and the two well pavilions are now gone. Instead, two side naves were established under the walls of the courtyard on the east and west sides, each with five wide and one deep. Look at the West Side Nave. Inside the hall are some royal gold silk and nan wood furniture, which also sells some gadgets.
There is also a north flower pond opposite the north and south flower ponds of Linxi Pavilion, where peonies are planted. It blooms in season for the retired concubines to enjoy. Peony peony medicine is widely planted in Cining Palace, and even the ceiling in the house is painted with peony peony medicine. This may be because the peony flowers are large, graceful and luxurious, and have always been known as the national color and heavenly fragrance. This is a compliment to the empress dowager of the previous dynasty, indicating that this is a peony garden with a national color after retirement. In addition, is there another reason for widespread peony?
The main hall of the garden of Cining Palace, Xian ruo hall, has an east-west hall, the east hall is baoxiang building, and the west hall is Jiyun building, and the shape of the two buildings is similar. Look at the Baoxiang Building on the east side, which is seven rooms wide and has a two-story building with eaves above and below the front.
Look at the Jiyun Building on the west side.
There is a small courtyard in the south of Baoxiang Building with Qingzhai and a small courtyard called Yanshou Hall in the south of Jiyun Lou opposite.
The hall is very small, with two entrances to the courtyard and a door with a wall on the side. The main room of the courtyard is three wide and three deep, and there are eaves corridors in front and back, on which are gray tiles and three coupons hooked up with rolling sheds on the top of the hard mountain. This kind of three-coupon hook-up roof is not only in the palace, but also on the market is not common, and the side looks like the yangtze river after the wave pushing the front wave, which is very chic. The second courtyard is the bedroom, and there is only one deep room, and the gray tile roll shed is a hard hilltop. Yanshou Hall and Han Qingzhai were built by Qianlong, and after he moved his mother-in-law, Empress Chongqing, to Shoukang Palace, he thought that if the empress dowager was sick, he would live in Yanshou Hall to give her medicine to drink, which meant prolonging life. If Niang Xue, Lao Qian intends to sleep on the grass mat with Qing Zhai, called "Toma Ci", which means to prolong niang's life. In fact, Lao Qian has not really lived here.
The north of the main hall of the Cining Palace Garden, Xian ruoguan, is also a building called Ciyin Building.
The Xianruoguan East and West Side Hall Jiyun Building and Baoxiang Building are all seven rooms wide, and in order to match the Xianruoguan, the Ciyin Building is five rooms wide and also two floors. On the east, west, north and west sides of the kenjokan are the two-story building with yellow glazed tiles and single eaves, and it is like sitting surrounded by mountains. There is a pool under the front facing the creek pavilion, so this salty pavilion is sitting north to south, surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing water, this feng shui is too good to be messed up.
Between the east ends of the Ciyin Building is a piercing hall door, and behind it is a small door that leads directly to the Cining Gate Square, and the door opening is particularly black.
Above the door opening are smallpox, Su-style flat chess paintings, and all of them are peony and peony.
After seeing the garden of Cining Palace, return to Longzong Gate Square. From the west side of the square, follow the outer wall of the left wing of Yongkang to the north, and the right hand, that is, the east side, is the Qixiang Gate.
To the east into the Qi Xiang Gate is a horizontal alley of the West Sixth Palace, which used to be the Taiji Hall. Walking west towards the Qi Xiang Gate is Shou'an Palace behind Shoukang Palace. Shou'an Palace was called Xianxi Palace in the early Ming Dynasty, and was renamed Xian'an Palace after being rebuilt during the Jiajing period. Xian'an Palace was also the residence of concubines of the pre-Ming Dynasty, and during the Longqing period, The Jiajing Emperor's Concubine Chen Yong lived here. However, there are exceptions, during the apocalypse years, the ming dynasty Zhu You's mother-in-law Keshi once lived here. It is said that Keshi should live in Xi'ershou, but Zhu Youxue made an exception for her to live in Xian'an Palace and married her to Wei Zhongxian. Wei Zhongxian and Keshi divided their labor, and Keshi was responsible for destroying the concubines of the Inner Palace, leaving Zhu Youxiao childless, and finally passed the throne to his younger brother The Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youjian. Keshi lived in Xian'an Palace until Ming Xi Zongxue, and after moving out of the palace, he was arrested by Chongzhen and flogged in the laundry room and died.
In the early Qing Dynasty, the Xian'an Palace was abandoned and useless. During the Kangxi Dynasty, Yin Rong was placed under house arrest here for the second time when he was deposed as crown prince, until Yongzheng died here in the second year. After Yongzheng came, he ran an official school in Xian'an Palace, which was the Royal University. In the sixteenth year of Qianlong (1751 AD), in order to celebrate the sixtieth birthday of The Chongqing Emperor and Empress, the official school was moved away, and the Xian'an Palace was renamed Shou'an Palace after reconstruction. Qianlong built a temporary three-story stage behind the Spring Jubilee Hall in the front hall of Shou'an Palace, and the emperor and empress dowager sat in the main hall of Shou'an Palace in the back hall to watch the play. After ten years, Qianlong was going to give his mother another seventieth birthday, and the temporary theater stage was definitely useless, and a three-story theater building was built. This big theater building should be similar to the Changyin Pavilion of Ningshou Palace, earlier than the Changyin Pavilion. During the birthday celebration ceremony, Qianlong came to Shou'an Palace in a palanquin to the sound of drum music early in the morning, and the drum music stopped after the empress arrived, and the two began to eat fritters and drink soy milk. This is followed by the so-called Nine-Nine Celebration Routine, and there are snacks such as nest heads at nine or ten o'clock. Dinner began at two or three o'clock in the afternoon, and I ate until four o'clock to close the table, this time there was wine to accompany the meal, and there was a big drama during the meal. Nowadays, the annual meetings of major companies eat and perform programs from Lao Qian, and employees who can't afford to go to the opera class to sing and dance on stage. After the banquet, the chancellor retreated from the side door and left road first, and Lao Qian led the princes to send the empress dowager to the gate of Shou'an. After that, Lao Qian took the sedan home, and after walking far, the remaining princes scattered.
Four years after the death of Qianlong, the Jiaqing Emperor demolished the three-story theater building of Shou'an Palace, regulated entertainment throughout the country, and sang less drama and less singing. Now Shou'an Palace is a five-room hall that sat south and north after the demolition of the theater building during the Jiaqing period. After the collapse of Jiaqing, the Daoguang Emperor arranged for Jiaqing's concubines to live in Shou'an Palace, which also became a nursing home for concubines of the former dynasty. During the Xianfeng Dynasty, concubines such as concubines moved to Shoukang Palace to live, and the concubines and nobles of the Daoguang Emperor were settled here, and the last concubine to die in the sixteenth year of Guangxu was Jia Concubine. After the marriage of the Tongzhi Emperor, both Ci'an and Empress Dowager Cixi had to move back to the Zhong Pu Palace and Changchun Palace where they originally lived. It is said that during the renovation of Zhong Pu Palace and Changchun Palace, Empress Dowager Ci'an took a break at Shou'an Palace and Empress Dowager Cixi took a break at Shoukang Palace. The current Shou'an Palace is the library of the Palace Museum, not open, I don't know if it will be retired and restored and reopened in the future.
There is a passage outside the east wall of Shou'an Temple, and if you walk north along the road, you can walk to a temple behind Shou'an Palace. The temple inside this palace is not called a temple, it is an Yinghua Hall. So why is it said to be a temple? There are many places to worship the Buddha in the palace, there are more than one large and small Buddhist hall, and even the Kunning Palace has a place to worship the shaman. However, only the Yinghua Hall has a mountain gate here, so it is a temple. Although there is a mountain gate, it is still impossible to set up a bell and drum tower, and it is useless to set it, and the emperor does not allow the drum to hit the bell. There is an Yinghua Gate in front of the mountain gate, and there is no statue of the Heavenly King in the gate hall, so it cannot be called the Heavenly King Hall. Entering the Yinghua Gate, there is a platform that leads directly to the main hall of the Yinghua Hall, which is five rooms wide and three deep, and there is a Qianlong Monument Pavilion on the halfway of the platform Yongdao Road.
In the Ming Dynasty, the Yinghua Hall was called the Longxi Hall, which was then a royal temple, and it was dedicated to The Buddha statue in the style of Tibetan Buddhism, commonly known as the "Xifan Buddha Statue". The five generations of the Sakya sect in the Yuan Dynasty, Ba Si Pa, were revered by Kublai Khan as the national teacher, and Tibetan Buddhism was widely spread in the interior. By the time of Zhu Di in the early Ming Dynasty, it was the early days of Tsongkhapa's founding of the Gelug school, and Tsongkhapa had already had close ties with the Ming Central Committee. Although the religious policy of the Ming Dynasty was mainly based on Confucianism and supplemented by Buddhism, it did not exclude Buddhism and was also open to Tibetan Buddhism. Zhu Di once summoned Lama Halima to Beijing and honored him as a national teacher. Therefore, if Zhu Di enshrined the Statue of Xifan Buddha in the Yinghua Hall, it should also be possible. Later, in the Qing Dynasty, Tibetan Buddhism was even more revered, and there was no problem in preserving the Xifan Buddha statue in the Yinghua Hall. However, the Yinghua Hall is not open now, and I am not allowed to enter, nor have I been deeply investigated for the Buddha statues there.
The most famous miracle of the Ming Dynasty was the wanli emperor's mother, Empress Li, who was known as the incarnation of the Nine Lotus Bodhisattva, and after the wanli emperor's big marriage, Empress Li withdrew from the Qianqing Palace and moved into the Cining Palace. Since then, she has taken the worship of the Buddha as her own responsibility, and her life has not stopped, and she has worshipped the Buddha. Empress Li built the Linxi Pavilion in the garden of the Cining Palace, so that the pool under the pavilion could bloom with nine lotus flowers. She also planted a tree on the side of the Yinghua Hall, two in all, which she said was the Nine Lotus Bodhi Tree. Empress Li was born as a palace maid, she had the simplest understanding of the Buddha, and the pool and these two trees were her perception of "one flower and one world, one tree and one bodhi", right? The Linden tree is a type of banyan tree that prefers to grow in the tropics and is wild in Nepal. In southern China, it can live, but it cannot be wild, and it can only be cultivated artificially. Even if it is artificially planted in the north of the Yangtze River, it will not survive. In his early years, When Nehru visited China, he gave Chairman Mao a sapling cultivated from the Bodhi tree that guided Shakyamuni to enlightenment, and later planted it at the Beijing Botanical Institute, and it is said that he lived, and he did not know whether it was in a greenhouse. These two Bodhi trees in the Yinghua Hall have been tested and are a kind of linden tree called bran linden tree. However, the bran linden tree has a nickname called "Bodhi Tree", which is usually planted in temples in northern China. Therefore, the two Nine Lotus Bodhi Trees in the Yinghua Hall have been sung down, and even the later Qianlong said that this was the Bodhi Tree. The Yinghua Hall is famous for these two Bodhi trees inside and outside the palace, so that the former concubines stationed in the harem have some comfort in their later years.
From the Qixiang Gate to the west is the Qixiang Gate Middle Road, to the head is the Shou'an Palace, halfway there are three glass with the wall doors, that is the Chunhua Gate, the Ming Dynasty called the Ninghua Gate.
You can see a piece of exposed brick on the wall of the palace outside the Chunhua Gate. The walls of the Ming Imperial Palace period were not plastered and directly exposed bricks. The wall seen here is not a city wall, it is called a palace wall, and the palace wall is plastered and reddish on the outside. In order to make the plaster last, there are also nails and knives. The head of the wall is a glazed brick stacked eaves, covered with glazed tiles to make a wall cap, with a ridge on it, and a ridge beast is installed at the end of the ridge. This section of exposed brick seems to have been shoveled off by heart and showed you the urn inside.
This intersection was guarded by guards, and I was not allowed to pass, but I could only look at the Chunhua Gate from a distance. If you can pass, you can enter the Chunhua Gate to see the largest Buddhist hall in the Imperial Palace, Yuhua Pavilion. Standing in the courtyard of the Taiji Hall, you can see the corner of the roof of the Yuhua Pavilion.
Looking at the roof of Yuhuage from a distance, it is very peculiar, reminding me of the roof of the Pure Dharma Wisdom Hall of the Xiangshan Zhao Temple and the Falun Hall of the Lama Temple. This roof is called a gold roof, it is not glazed tiles, but copper tile gilded, and all components are copper gilded. The highest level of Tibetan temples and halls are such golden domes, such as the Potala Palace in Lhasa.
In order to facilitate the administration of the Mongolian and Tibetan regions, the Qing Emperor promoted Tibetan Buddhism. Emperor Taiji gave Ba Zhou a living Buddha, and the Shunzhi Emperor made him a Chuchen Guoshi, and the Kangxi Dynasty used Zhangjia Living Buddha as a national teacher. According to the advice of the Third Zhangjia Living Buddha, the Qianlong Emperor wanted to build a mandala in the palace, so he chose this place inside the Ninghua Gate. It is said that this place was built by Zhu Di in the taoist Temple Xuangong Three Halls, Yuhua Pavilion here is the front hall, followed by the middle hall Baohua Hall and the rear hall Xuanji Treasure Hall. In the fifteenth year of Qianlong (1750 AD), the Yuhua Pavilion was completed, which is a three-story pavilion with three square openings, a baosha in front, an eaves corridor on four sides, and a rolling shed on the top of the mountain. The lower two floors are glazed tiles, and there is a dark layer between the first and second floors. The third floor is a four-corner spire loft, a Tibetan-style treasure roof, and a Qing-style bowl-covered Tibetan pagoda ridge brake. Counting the dark layer, this Yuhua Pavilion is actually four floors. There are gilded dragon riding ridges on the four ridges, and there are also flying dragons in the cornices. The layout of the Yuhua Pavilion follows the four-part method of Tibetan Buddhist tantric practice, the first floor is the Shibu Zhixing Layer, which contains the copper-plated Sakyamuni Buddha in the middle, and the two sides are the Master Buddha of the Ministry, the Infinite Life Buddha. After the shrine there are three famous golden silk enamel mandalas. The dark layer is the layer of virtue of the xingbu, which houses nine bronze gilded Buddha statues, including Bodhi, Mother Buddha, and Vajrapani. On the third floor are the five bronze gilded Buddha statues of the Yoga Department, and the main Buddha is the Great Sun Rulai Buddha. The attic on the fourth floor is the Anuttarayoga, which houses three bronze statues of the Buddha of Joy. At that time, Zhangjia Living Buddha participated in the planning, review of design, and supervision of construction, so this Yuhua Pavilion was completely in line with the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. Its original initiative was to imitate a Tibetan Temple Mandala Hall, and the current Torin Temple has been destroyed for a long time and is incomplete, so this Yuhua Pavilion is currently the most complete four Buddhist halls in China in Tibetan tantra.
The main hall of the backyard of Yuhua Pavilion is the Baohua Hall, which is also a Tibetan Buddhist buddhist hall. The Baohua Hall is not large in scale, with three wide rooms and one deep, the front and back open doors, slightly silled the sills and sills, and there is a hugging mansion in the back, on which is a yellow glazed tile single eaves on the top of the mountain. There are no platforms, and there are prayer pillars on both sides of the front of the temple, and there is an incense burner in front of the door. This is supposed to be the Baohua Hall that survived from the Ming Dynasty, and according to the Inner Palace, it was rebuilt in the eleventh year of Daoguang (1831 AD). Behind the Baohua Hall, there is a Yongdao leading directly to the Zhongzheng Hall behind, and there is a Xiangyun Pavilion between the two halls. The Zhongzheng Hall and the Xiangyun Pavilion were destroyed by a fire during the Republic of China, leaving the foundation. The Baohua Hall is still there, and there are Buddha statues and Buddha thangkas, both of which are Tibetan Buddhism, that is, The Buddha statue of Xifan. According to the Records of the Ming Dynasty, the Zhongzheng Hall during the Chongzhen Period was the location of the Longde Hall during the Longqing Period, and the Longde Hall in the early Ming Dynasty was called the Xuanji Treasure Hall. This Xuanji Treasure Hall and later the Longde Hall were the Ming Dynasty Royal Sanqing Hall, dedicated to the Yuqing YuanShi Tianzun, shangqing lingbao tianzun and Taiqing Daode tianzun deity.
This lama temple inside the Chunhua Gate had regular activities during the Qing Dynasty, that is, rituals. We laymen find a yuzi to celebrate a festival, even the eighth day of the first lunar month is a festival, and during the festival, we eat dumplings, or sweet things such as the mooncake lantern. Monks don't eat, they find a son to celebrate, and once they have a festival, they do things. Therefore, during the Qing Dynasty, there were lamas in the Yuhua Pavilion and the Zhongzheng Hall here, and the emperor also came to shangzhu Xiangwu. After the lack of clarity, there is no activity here, and it is deserted. But there's a lot of good stuff here, both in record and physical. These good things came in handy later. In 1995, according to the detailed records of the canonization of the Panchen Lama by the central government and the pemba bottle style provided by the experts of the Forbidden City, the Special Commissioner of the State Council went to the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa to preside over the golden vase signing ceremony and identified the six-year-old boy Gyaltsen Norbu as the reincarnation of the Tenth Panchen Lama. The Pemba bottle used was also given by the emperor in the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong (1792 AD), and there were two golden vases, one at the Jokhang Temple and one at the Lama Temple.
Behind the West Sixth Palace and the Zhongzheng Hall in the Ming Dynasty was the Qianxi Five Houses symmetrical with the Qiandong Five Houses after the Eastern Six Palaces, which were also the residences of the princes. The crown prince lived in Yuqing Palace, and the other princes lived everywhere, and these five houses and the three southern houses could live. This was also the case at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, when the crown prince Yin Rong was deposed during the Kangxi Dynasty, and the emperor sent someone to capture Yin Rong from Yuqing Palace to Xian'an Palace. Since then, the Qing Dynasty has no longer publicized the crown prince. In the fifty years of the Kangxi Dynasty (1711 AD), Prince Heshuo Yong's family received a precious son and named him Hongli. In the sixty years of the Kangxi Dynasty, the emperor met this grandson of Hongli by chance, and he was quite happy, saying, "I brought this grandson back to the palace to raise and play." Although Prince Yong was reluctant, he knew that this was a signal given to him by Kangxi. Sure enough, the following year, Prince Yong ascended the throne as emperor. Soon after Yongzheng ascended the throne, he let Hongli live in Yuqing Palace, and also wrote Hongli's name on rice paper and threw it behind the "Zhengda Guangming" plaque in Qianqing Palace. In order to hoodwink everyone, Yongzheng asked him and Fu Jin Fucha to move to the second house of the Five Houses of Qianxi during the Hongli Wedding. Within a few years, Yongzheng enfeoffed Hongli as the Prince of Heshuo Bao and gave him the second name "Leshan Hall". After Hongli ascended the throne of the Qianlong Emperor, the second of the five institutes in Qianxi became the Qianlong Palace. Qianlong no longer let others live here, in case the tenants pretended to be a hidden dragon. It also merged the first, second and third schools into Chonghua Palace and became a memorial hall of the clan residence. The meaning of "Chonghua" is taken from the Shang Shu ShunDian (尚書舜典) that "this Shun can inherit Yao and weigh the light of his virtue", so the "heavy" here should be pronounced as the weight of the weight.
Walking north along the West Second Long Street in the middle of the West Sixth Palace is the Hundred Zi Gate, out of the Hundred Zi Gate is an east-west horizontal street, turn to the right and you can see the Chonghua Gate of the Chonghua Palace.
Chonghua Palace is three courtyards according to the original system, the main hall of the front yard reveres the hall, the face is five rooms deep and three deep, and the yellow glazed tiles are single eaves on the top of the mountain. The Hall of Reverence is the ceremonial hall of Chonghua Palace, and when Hongli was enthroned as prince, he inscribed a plaque "Leshan Hall", which is said to still be hung in this hall. The main hall of the second courtyard, Chonghua Palace, is five rooms wide and one deep, with yellow glazed tiles and a single eaves on the top of the hard mountain, and there are side halls in the east and west. Chonghua Palace is the bedroom of Hongli, Dongnuan Pavilion is the living room, and Xinuan Pavilion is the bedroom, which is also the new house of Hongli's big wedding. The main hall of the three courtyards is the Cuiyun Hall, which is five rooms wide and one deep, and the yellow glazed tile single eaves hard mountain top. This is the activity room of the Hongli calendar, reading in dongnuan Pavilion to read the newspaper culture, and there is a plaque of "Changchun Book House" hanging inside. In the eleventh year of Yongzheng, the emperor gave the title of "Changchun Resident", and Changchun was the Changchun Immortal Hall where Hongli lived in the Yuanmingyuan at that time. After ascending the throne, Qianlong built a bookstore everywhere in the place where he lived, mostly named after the "Changchun Bookstore". The first Changchun Bookstore was in the Yangxin Hall, and the plaque was also inscribed in the first year of Qianlong. Qianlong learned "Dream of the Red Chamber" to form the Begonia Poetry Society, and every New Year's Day, it recruited scholars from Chaonei University, Hanlin and others to join the poems at Chonghua Palace. Chonghua Palace joint poems became one of the New Year's programs of the Qing Palace, and it was not until the Xianfeng period that it gradually stopped.
After empress Fucha's death, Qianlong kept the Changchun Palace where she lived before her death, arranged it as it was, and did not allow other concubines to live. Chonghua Palace, on the other hand, retained the new house for the Hongli Grand Wedding, including the large cabinet of the dowry of Empress Fucha. Every year, the Qianlong Emperor Chinese New Year's Eve to go to Changchun Palace to pay tribute to the empress. After his retirement, the Qianlong Emperor moved the relics of Empress Fucha in the Changchun Palace to Chonghua Palace, and every year Chinese New Year's Eve changed here to pay tribute to the empress.
When Qianlong transformed the second institute, he also occupied the head office of the five institutes in the west of Qianxi, that is, the three courtyards east of the second institute. After the transformation of the head office, it was called Shufangzhai and the front hall was changed to a stage facing south and north. Chonghua Palace not only occupied the head office, but also occupied three, and the three were changed to chonghua Palace kitchens. Now chonghua palace is not open, it is estimated that tourists are afraid that tourists will see Qianlong and Empress Fucha better, eat dog food and go home to fight.
This Qianlong Emperor Qianlong Palace actually had tenants living in at the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is said that during the Guangxu period, the concubine of the Tongzhi Emperor lived in Chonghua Palace, called Princess Yao, and also gave away pills in the Dongnuan Pavilion. In the thirteenth year of the Republic of China (1924 AD), Feng Yuxiang launched a coup d'état in Beijing, abolished the preferential conditions of the Qing Palace, and drove Puyi out of the palace. Emperor Tongzhi's concubine Yu was also living in the palace at that time, called Princess Yu. Princess Yao and Princess Yu only moved out of the palace at this time and moved into the home of Princess Rongshou, the daughter of Prince Gong. When the two princesses went, they didn't know whether Princess Rongshou had just flown west or if she had flown west within a few days. A few days after the two concubines moved away, Puyi was also sent by Feng Yuxiang to get out of the Chuxiu Palace and escorted out of the palace to the Palace of alcohol to join his father.
At the gate of Chonghua Palace, look to the west, the door of the middle passage is locked, and over the wall you can see the four corners of a pavilion in the courtyard on the west side.
That courtyard is the Jianfu Palace and the Jianfu Palace Garden. Going west along the Chonghua Palace was originally supposed to be four and five of the five houses in Qianxi, that is to say, the garden of Jianfu Palace accounted for four and five. The construction of the Jianfu Palace consisted of two steps, the first of which was to move four and five to the east factory in the sixth year of Qianlong. The East Factory of the Ming Dynasty was on the north side of the Donghua Gate, that is to say, the four and five were moved outside the Imperial Palace. The five Qianxi institutes have all been transformed, and in fact, it is very likely that the five Qianxi and Xiwu institutes will not only be transformed this time. According to research, there were seven palaces on the east and west sides of the Qianqing Palace in the early Ming Dynasty, and the imperial garden at that time was actually only the Qin'an Hall, and there were also two on each side of the Qin'an Hall where the princes lived. In the fourteenth year of Ming Jiajing, two houses were demolished on both sides of the Qin'an Hall, attracting many veterans to handle feudal superstition matters. Later, in the eleventh year of the Ming Dynasty, the old Daoists were imprisoned, and pavilions were built on both sides of the Qin'an Hall, and the back garden of the palace was more comfortable. However, at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, there were seven things, and how did two of them not? There is no evidence, and the thoughts are still hanging.
In addition to occupying the territory of the four and five institutes in Qianxi, Jianfu Palace occupies the Chunhua Gate in front of Shoukang Palace and Yuhua Pavilion to the south. At that time, it was a "gap land", that is, a narrow and long open space, and the corresponding east road of this land was the Treasury of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. What are the buildings on this gap during the Ming Dynasty? There is no evidence. In the seventh year of Qianlong (1742 AD), the Construction of Jianfu Palace was mainly for the purpose of sneaking around and having a place to take a walk when he was busy in his administration, and he could hide here so that no one could find it.
To the south of Jianfu Palace is the Jianfu Gate, which is also a glass gate with the wall. The Jianfu Gate was placed side by side with the Xianfu Palace Gate of the West Sixth Palace, which means that the Jianfu Palace did not fully utilize the "gap". The West Sixth Palace has three rows of courtyards, and Jianfu Palace only uses the northernmost courtyard. There is still a long way from the Jianfu Gate to the southernmost palace wall of the gap, and there is only one Chunhua Gate on that section of the palace wall, and the southern end of the gap is closed. The main hall of the courtyard that entered the Jianfu Gate is the Fuchen Hall, which is three rooms wide and two deep, and the green glazed tile yellow cut-edge single eaves roll shed rests on the top of the mountain, and there are eaves corridors in front and back.
The eaves corridor behind the Fuchen Hall is followed by a circle of scribe veranda to become the second courtyard, and there is a platform behind the Fuchen Hall that leads directly to the main hall of the second courtyard, Jianfu Palace. Jianfu Palace is the main hall of the courtyard, with five wide rooms and three deep rooms, the roof is a bucket arch beam, yellow glazed tile green sheared single eaves roll shed on the top of the mountain, surrounded by cornices. There is a throne in the Ming Room, and the east and west are separated by a yarn partition, all of which are black paint depicted with gold, which is quite exquisite. The Western Secondary Room is the Buddhist Hall.
After the Jianfu Temple, the pavilion we saw in the middle of the Qixiang Gate over the western courtyard wall is called the Huifeng Pavilion, which is the third entrance. Huifeng Pavilion is a three-bay square pavilion with a heavy eaves and four corners of the spire, purple glazed tiles and blue cut edges, gilded bowl ridge brakes, and a circle of white jade handrails around it.
There is a physical courtyard wall behind the Huifeng Pavilion, and there is a hall and a coupon hanging flower door on the wall, followed by a circle of copywall veranda is the fourth courtyard. The main hall of the fourth courtyard is Jing Yi Xuan, which is five rooms wide and three deep, the roof is a bucket arch beam structure, and three rolls are connected to the single eaves roll shed to rest on the top of the mountain. There are eaves porches in front and back, and the front cornices follow the hand veranda. Jing Yi Xuan is the sleeping hall of Jianfu Palace, which means "meaning to be quiet and yi". Although Qianlong did not say it at first, he intended to sleep in this Jingyi Xuan Shouxiao when Empress Chongqing died, which was called "Shou System" in chinese. In the first month of the forty-second year of Qianlong (1777 AD), the empress dowager was watching the lanterns in the Yuanmingyuan and died at the Changchun Immortal Hall where Hongli lived when she was young. Qianlong did not live in this Jingyixuan during his filial piety. After the completion of the Jianfu Palace, Qianlong built two small courtyards in the garden of the Cining Palace, namely the aforementioned Hanqing Zhai and Yanshou Hall. After the death of Empress Dowager Chongqing, Qianlong once said, "In the southern garden of the Cining Palace, Pu Puyu asked a few questions, in case of mercy or hesitation, for the place where the soup medicine was served day and night, and Ding You's first month was thought to be a tonci." "Toma ci" is also the meaning of filial piety, more figurative, saying that it is to "live in the house, sleep on the pillow block", that is, live in a broken room to sleep on the grass mat pillow soil block, and the degree of courage of the sleeping salary is almost the same. Probably because at that time, the Empress Dowager Zi Palace of the Chongqing Emperor was parked in the Cining Palace after returning to the palace from the Yuanmingyuan, so Qianlong had to keep the Qing Zhai in the garden of the Cining Palace for several days. When this really happened, Qianlong wanted to go to Hanqing to keep the system, but was stopped by the ministers in the Yangxin Hall and did not succeed.
According to Chinese architectural regulations, there should be a rear cover building at the back of the Jianfu Palace. When Qianlong began to build the Fu Palace in the seventh year, there was no plan for the rear cover building, which was finally supplemented in the twenty-second year of Qianlong, that is, the HuiYao Building behind Jing Yixuan. Hui Yao floor is seven rooms wide and one deep, and has two floors. The back of the Chinese courtyard must be a building, indicating that the courtyard is backed by a high mountain, and this building covers the courtyard when the north wind comes. If there is no rear cover building, the owner of the courtyard will not have a play no matter how cattle, it will be regarded as a tiger falling into Pingyang, and there is no good fruit to eat. If you want to exert your maximum feng shui skills in the back cover building, you must offer Buddha statues inside, and there is no problem in covering the hospital with Dharma protection. Inside the Huiyao Building, there is a Buddha statue enshrined, and it is a Buddhist hall. Such a buddhist hall is usually one floor for Buddha statues and the second floor for Tibetan Buddhist scriptures.
According to custom, large households must have a back garden. Since Qianlong wanted to steal half a day's leisure here, he must also build a garden. The land of Jianfu Palace is too small to build a garden behind the Huiyao Building. Qianlong built a garden on the west side of Jingyixuan, which is the famous Jianfu Palace Garden, one of the four gardens in the Qing Palace: the Royal Garden, the Cining Palace Garden, the Ningshou Palace Garden and the Jianfu Palace Garden. The central building of Jianfu Palace Garden is Yanchun Pavilion, which is a four-square two-story pavilion with five bays on the first floor and three bays on the second floor, with a dark layer in the middle. The first floor is surrounded by a cornice, and the second floor is surrounded by a flat seat with a four-corner spire. To the east, north and west of Yanchun Pavilion are some Xuantang Pavilions, and to the south are stacked rockeries, planted with some trees, some flowers, and some grasses. Jianfu Palace Garden occupies a small area, the building is not much, although compact, but not crowded, four times flowers and trees lined with eight kinds of terraces, not tired of fine also. In the Jianfu Palace, Qianlong placed and hung all kinds of treasures he collected, and also inscribed plaques and poems everywhere, which was his most proud courtyard.
After Qianlong left, his son Emperor Jiaqing packed up the treasures in the Jianfu Palace and sealed them in boxes, which were said to fill the palaces. Since then, Jianfu Palace has been empty, and no one has ever come to live there. After the Qing Dynasty was gone, Puyi had no political reason in the palace, and there was nothing serious about it except to study culture. He camped around the inner court, and found that there were many treasures of the former dynasty sealed in the Jianfu Palace. Puyi then ordered the inventory to be made, and those under him could no longer be called eunuchs, but they were not regular migrant workers, so I called them eunuchs. The eunuchs counted half of them and found that the treasures were very beautiful, not to mention, but also easy to move. One midsummer night in 1923, a fire broke out in the garden of Jianfu Palace, and the garden was completely destroyed, carrying and burning down the Jingyixuan in the east and the Zhongzheng Hall and The Xiangyun Pavilion on the western border. At this moment, all the treasures were gone, not even half of the books that had been made. Subsequently, the eunuchs who participated in the inventory of the treasure gradually resigned and went home. Some people found that after they returned home, they all found a female neighbor like Wei Zhongxian and Keshi to live together, and it is said that they also bought houses and land. In 1999, a Hong Kong cultural security foundation provided four million US dollars and signed an agreement with the Forbidden City to rebuild the Fu Gong Garden. The reconstruction project was completed in 2006, and the reconstructed Jianfu Palace will never be open to the public, only for receiving VIPs and hosting an internal salon.
At this point, everything that can be seen in the Forbidden City is now open, and almost everything that cannot be seen has been said. In addition to holding the annual pass into the palace ten times, there was also another discount twice. Due to the epidemic situation, the 2020 annual pass can be used until April 30, 2021 after the optimization of the Forbidden City. In order to prevent us from enjoying excessive preferential treatment, after the Wuyingdian Ceramics Museum was re-arranged, it was opened to the public on May 1, 2021, and I paid out of my own pocket to see a circle of bottles and cans. Later, at his own expense, he visited the Jai Palace, which was not open during the epidemic, where he watched some Stamps themed by the Forbidden City for philatelic enthusiasts outside the palace.
Visiting the Forbidden City is a very hard cause, from the noon gate into the palace, the Shenwu Gate out of the palace, coupled with the pace outside the palace, it is impossible to return home without more than ten thousand steps a day. When you are tired of walking, in addition to the many Forbidden City benches in the palace where you can rest, the steps of each hall can be seated. Every time I visit the palace, I eat at the Forbidden City restaurant at noon, and its beef noodles are good, but quite expensive.
By the way, last time a friend asked me how the pillars of the ancient building were fixed to the ground? I took a picture of the remnants of the Shoukang Palace Well Pavilion, and I could see that there were holes under the pillar foundation, and there were holes in the middle of the pillar foundation, and these holes could be installed with fixed pins, a kind of mortise and tenon structure.
Next, the Forbidden City is also repairing the Yangxin Hall. This project is protracted and you can't see the head, so the content about the Yangxin Hall is waiting.
Thank you all for reading.
(End of series)