In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), the "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in one year" printed and distributed by the Kaifeng Enlightened Book Company was nearly 400 pages, which also contained a collection of education, society, xingxue and teachers and students' treatises in the Republic of China period, with a total of nearly 200,000 words, which is a very precious educational history material in southeast Henan, and the documentary value is huge. Its compiler, Pan Weixin, is a long way away, and the written record of his people is scarce and chaotic. Combined with relevant literary and historical materials, especially the records in the book "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in the Past Year", this article roughly sorts out and examines the life and deeds of President Pan Weixin.
National Peking Normal University Library Edition "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year"
According to the Dictionary of Figures of the Republic of China (volume 2), edited by Xu Youchun and published by Hebei People's Publishing House in 1991:
Pan Weixin (1908-1944), courtesy name Zhongmin, was a native of Ji County (now Weihui City), Henan Province, who lived in Yu County, and was born in 1908 (the thirty-fourth year of Qing Guangxu). In his early years, he joined the Chinese League. During his studies, he asked his close friends to set up a private Yubei Middle School. After being admitted to Henan University, after graduation, he successively served as the principal of Henan Provincial Seventh Middle School, the principal of Huangchuan Middle School, the section member of Henan Provincial Department of Education, the Sixth District Commissioner's Office of Henan Province and the Inspectorate of the First District Commissioner's Office. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, he served as the chief of the civil affairs section of the Yuxian County Government. In 1938, after the Japanese army stepped into Henan and the provincial capital kaifeng fell, Xinzheng and Xuchang were occupied by the Japanese army one after another, and Pan Weixin led the villagers of Yu County to guerrilla warfare. In the spring of 1944, Pan Weixin was captured in the Japanese "sweep"; on April 14 of the same year, he was killed. He was 36 years old.
Portrait of Pan Weixin printed in the 22nd edition of the Republic of China's "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in one year"
The author searched the website of the Alumni Association of Henan University to show that in the list of the fifth batch of graduates of Henan University in June 1932, there were twelve graduates of the Department of Education:
In June 1932, there were 57 graduates of the fifth class of Henan University (who entered the university during Sun Yat-sen University), of which the second line of graduates of the Department of Education had the name of Pan Weixin
In June 1932 (the 31st year of the Republic of China), Pan Weixin, a graduate of the Department of Education of Henan University, shortly after returning to Jixian Yubei Middle School as the director of teaching, received an appointment order from Qi Zhenru, director of the Department of Education of Henan Province:
Appointment order of Henan Provincial Department of Education
Number 645
Pan Weixin is hereby appointed as the Principal of the Provincial No. 7 Middle School
This order
Qi Zhenru, director of the Department of Education of Henan Province
August 1, 31, 1931
The "Seven Middle Schools of Henan in the Past Year" presents a list of records about Pan Weixin's appointment order
Subsequently, Pan Weixin arrived in Xinyang on August 11 by the Pinghan Line train in accordance with the Henan Provincial Department of Education, and arrived in Huangchuan on August 13, succeeding Zhu Ganqing as the principal of Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School.0 According to the resume information of the "List of Current Teachers of the University" in the book "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year", pan Weixin was twenty-seven years old in 1933, which refers to the imaginary age, and his real age should be twenty-five years old, that is, born in 1908. (See the figure "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in the Past Year" about Pan Weixin's resume and other information)
Information about Pan Weixin's resume and other information recorded in "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in one year"
This resume list also records that Pan Weixin was transferred from the director of the Jixian Yubei Middle School as the principal of the Provincial No. 7 Middle School in August 21, and the Yubei Middle School is the private Yubei Middle School in Jixian (now Xinxiang Weihui). Since Yubei Middle School was merged with other schools in Jixian County when it was liberated in 1948, the historical data of the private Yubei Middle School is now attributed to Weihui No. 1 Middle School. Therefore, the author got in touch with Cheng Yonghua, a special reporter of Weihui City Literature and History Data Research Association and Weihui Radio and Television Center, and contacted Teacher Yin Weihua of Weihui City No. 1 Middle School through Mr. Cheng Yonghua, and the two experts provided a lot of historical materials about Pan Weixin. The "Brief Description of Pan Weixinshengping" provided by Mr. Cheng Yonghua is as follows (first published):
Pan Weixin , courtesy name Zhongmin , a native of Ji County , Henan , lived in Kangjiajiao , Yu County , and was born on February 19, 1994 , the 34th year of the Qing Dynasty. Father Yingxuan Gong, in his early years, joined the League, ran for revolution, and was respected by the people of Lianghe. New and revealing, he is a man of good manners, and often takes universal education as his vocation. During the period of study, he asked his close friends to set up a private Yubei Middle School to cultivate talents for the country, and in the eight years of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, although he was lost, he never quit. However, his family was poor, unable to go to school, and his ambition was quite firm, so he was admitted to Henan University, often compiled papers, published in newspapers and magazines, advocated compulsory education, and eliminated illiteracy. After graduation, he successively served as the principal of Huangchuan Middle School, a clerk of the Department of Education of the Henan Provincial Government, an inspector of the Sixth District Commissioner's Office of Henan and the Commissioner's Office of the First District of Henan. After the rise of the anti-Japanese war army, the northern half of Henan fell into the hands of the enemy, and he deeply understood that in order to win the final victory, he did not win the hearts and minds of the people and did not do any credit, but was changed to the chief of the civil affairs section of the Yuxian County Government. In the spring of the third year, the enemy crossed the henan to invade, Yujing fell, immediately led the township people gun, toss and turn guerrillas, was jealous of the enemy, so sent a large army to sweep, the two sides fought fiercely for several days, casualties were very large, Restoration was captured due to exhaustion, and then the Japanese army threw themselves into the dry well, burned and suffocated. He sacrificed his life for the country, when the Republic of China thirty-three leap years leap April 14 also.
According to the "History of Wei Hui No. 1 Middle School" and Teacher Yin Weihua's "Distant Yubei Middle School", the private Yubei Middle School established in 1930, Wu Qingliu served as the principal, and Pan Zuoxin was the new director of education. In August 1930, Wu Qingliu (Zi Mingwu), a famous gentleman in Jixian County, raised funds, and La Pan Zuoxin (Zi Zaimin, Pan Weixin's brother), Hou Zhongyang (Ziziqi) and others joined the shares, and founded a private Yubei Middle School on the site of Jixian Qiquan Middle School, with Wu Qingliu as the principal, Pan Zuoxin as the director of teaching, and Hou Zhongyang as the director of training. On November 7, 1948, after the liberation of Jixian County, the people's government accepted the school and merged seven schools, including the county middle school and the private Yubei Middle School, into the provincial Jixian Middle School, and established the Taihang Public Weihui Middle School, which is now Weihui No. 1 Middle School.
Teacher Yin Weihua's article title map of "The Distant North Henan Middle School"
Regarding The situation of Pan Weixin and his brother Pan Zuoxin and his Pan family, we can learn a lot from the memoir "Memories" of Pan Weixin's niece, Ms. Pan Fulian. Pan Fulian (daughter of Pan Weixin's elder brother Pan Zuoxin, born in 1926, a native of Gulouqian Street, Jixian County. In 1948, Pan Fulian went to Taiwan with her husband Liu Yusheng, and from 1956 onwards, she successively taught at Zhongzheng Elementary School in Miaoli County, Taiwan, Chaoshan Elementary School and Xiangshan Elementary School in Hsinchu City, and retired in 1989) In his memoir "Memories", he recorded:
Pan Fu was a noble family of Weihui Province (present-day Weihui City), the ancestor of Yingxuan Gong ranked third, people respected Pan Sanlao, nicknamed fire god, fierce temper, anxious for justice and righteousness, rich sense of justice, solve difficulties, do not smile, make people fearful, but happy to be charitable, in the face of people in emergency, will do their best to help, cold winter, spring cold materials, grain to help the poor, every year like Si, so it is awe-inspiring, hundreds of miles of good and good names spread far and wide. His father (Pan Zuoxin) graduated from the Law Department of Peking University and was practicing law, but his ambition was to revitalize his studies, that is, he invited his like-minded friends to set up a private Yubei Middle School funded by his father, enthusiastic about education, cultivating talents, not mainly for profit, all poor and willing to advance, and strive to seek scholars, not only free of tuition, but also subsidized living expenses, the teachers taught seriously, so the neighboring counties of the four townships, those who had children of the right age, flocked to taiwan, and competed to enroll, and those who came to Taiwan were General Zhao Jiajun, the writer Mr. Yin Xueman, the general Lang Shizhong, Mr. Gao Weihuan and others still remember the rigorous governance of his father, treating students as children, instilling patriotic sentiments, exhorting the spirit of four dimensions and eight virtues, studying themselves morning and evening, they must personally supervise, and take the school as their home, and their spirit of governance is admirable. Born to his second uncle (Pan Weixin) and his father and mother, graduated from Henan University, he was young and ambitious, and in his early years, he had become the principal of Huangchuan Middle School, and the second aunt (Zhao Ziyi) graduated from Xinyang Female Teacher, and was a teacher of the Second Primary School in Jixian County.
Mr. Cheng Yonghua provided the current situation of Pan Wei's new and old house (in the red frame in the picture, the main house and the east and west wing rooms of the old house of Pan Fu are shown)
In 1932, graduates of the Department of Education of Henan University visited Beiping for a group photo, including Pan Weixin (picture of the website of the Alumni Association of Henan University)
On August 1, 1932, after Pan Weixin received the appointment order of Qi Zhenru, director of the Department of Education of Henan Province, he had "consciously neglected to learn shallowly, and was located in a war zone, and things were not easy, and I was afraid that I would not be able to do my job", which was delayed until August 11, when he and his fellow villager Xi Shujie (Zi Lingge, a native of Xijie Street in Jixian County, had served as an accountant for the Fifth Normal School in Henan, and later as a director and clerk of the Library of the Seventh Provincial Middle School), a college classmate Cheng Jifu (zixiangtian, Jiyuanren, who had served as an English teacher at Kaifeng Modern Middle School, Later, he served as the director of academic affairs and English teacher of the Provincial Seventh Middle School) and set off together, arriving in Xinyang (estimated to be a slow train on the Pinghan Railway) on the morning of the twelfth, and arriving at Huangchuan, an important town in southeast Henan, at 4 p.m. on the thirteenth. The next day, under the leadership of Zhu Ganqing, the former principal of the Provincial Seventh Middle School, he inspected the school site and learned that "except for one classroom, three physical and chemical instrument rooms, and more than a dozen teachers' colleges, the rest were occupied by the Political Training Office of the 75th Division, the Quartermaster Office of the 75th Division, and the Mortar Battalion." (See the appendix to the "Henan Seventh Middle School in the Past Year" (No. 27) recorded that the garrison occupied and burned the doors, windows, tables and chairs of the school building twice, and President Zhu Ganqing embezzled money to purchase school tools and advanced funds to report to the provincial department)
The submission (No. 27) records that after the garrison occupied and burned the doors, windows, tables and chairs of the school building, the former principal Zhu Ganqing purchased school tools and advanced funds for maintenance
The "Outline of the School's Past Year" records that Pan Weixin came to the school in August 1932 to deal with the garrison affairs on the campus
After Pan Weixin took over the Provincial Seventh Middle School by order of the Department of Education, his first task was to deal with the problem of the campus being occupied by the garrison, during which he repeatedly negotiated with Zhang Wei, commander-in-chief of the 20th Route Army, and Song Tiancai, commander of the 75th Division. (See the picture "A Brief Description of the Situation In the Past Year" After Pan Weixin arrived at the school, he negotiated with Zhang Xiao and Song Tiancai to move out of the Quartermaster Office, the Government Decree Office, and the Mortar Battalion to occupy the school garrison)
In the previous chapter, we introduced the situation of opposing "encirclement and suppression" in the Eyu-Anhui base area; in the face of the revolutionary situation in full swing, the Kuomintang reactionaries constantly mobilized troops and took turns to attack and encircle the Red Army base areas, and the Twenty-second Route Army of Ji Hongchang and the Seventy-sixth and Seventy-fifth Divisions of Zhang Xiao's Twenty-Route Army constantly changed their defenses. Liu Zhi, director of the Appeasement Office of the National Government in Henan, Zhang Zhen, chairman of the Fusui Committee of the Southern Henan Special Administrative Region and "commander-in-chief of the Red Army in Southern Henan," and Liu Zhenhua, commissioner of the Appeasement Supervision Office of the Shaanxi Border Region of Henan, were successively in The City. Among them, when the Seventy-fifth Division of the Song Dynasty Was Stationed in Huangchuan, its Military And Political Office, Quartermaster Department, and Mortar Battalion occupied the front school building of the Provincial Seventh Middle School for a long time, and the rear hospital of the Military and Political Department occupied the rear part of the campus, destroying the doors, windows, and school tools of the school building, and causing great damage and interference to the school's teaching activities. According to the "Huangchuan County Education Chronicle" and the "Huangchuan No. 2 Middle School History Materials Selection" and other materials recorded:
In August 1932, Pan Weixin was assigned by the Provincial Department of Education to teach in Huangchuan. At that time, the school, except for one classroom, three physical and chemical instrument rooms, and more than a dozen faculty homes, was occupied by the garrison of the Seventy-fifth Division. The occupied premises, doors, windows and walls were demolished and burned, school appliances were damaged, and books and equipment and old documents were also lost. Pan Weixin took over as the principal of the Provincial Seventh Middle School on the 20th, and received such a mess. He immediately made representations to Zhang Xuan, commander-in-chief of the 20th Route Army of the Huangchuan Garrison, and Song Tiancai, commander of the 75th Division, and after six days of several daily appeals, some of the garrisons were withdrawn from the campus. Pan Weixin went to Kaifeng to report the situation of the school to the provincial department, and after Principal Pan Weixin left the school, the school was occupied by the First Branch of the Rear Hospital of the Ministry of Military Affairs, and the teachers and students had to attend classes in the open air.
On October 2, 1932, Pan Weixin invited Zhang Xiao, the commander-in-chief of the 20th Route Army, who had just returned from the Gap between the Red Army in Shangcheng to give a speech, and after Zhang Weixin's speech, he accompanied President Pan Weixin to visit the provincial Seventh Middle School Campus, inspect the remains of the former Qinggongyuan building and the inscription stone plaque of the Gongyuan (Zhang Qixi Inscription), and transfer to the east of Qianmen to encounter the soldiers of the Seventy-fifth Division, and ordered the Quartermaster Office and the Mortar Battalion to vacate the occupied houses within three days. On October 5, the quartermaster office and mortar battalion of the Seventy-fifth Division were moved out one after another, but unexpectedly, the First Hospital in the rear of the Military and Political Department forcibly demolished the wall and occupied the houses vacated in front. The teachers and students of the school were extremely indignant, and when Dong Liangfu, the director of academic affairs, went to negotiate on behalf of the school, he was insulted by the Kuomintang soldiers and beaten by Li Jingming, the president of the military hospital.
According to records, the Military and Political Department of the Nationalist Government was established in November 1928 and directly subordinate to the Executive Yuan, and in January 1938, the Departments of Military Affairs, Mechanization, Horse Administration, Transportation, and Military Justice, as well as the Departments of Military Service and Military Medical Medicine, and were in charge of various theater headquarters, arsenals, military hospitals, military ranches, military prisons, etc. Were abolished in May 1946 and reorganized into the Ministry of National Defense. Because Chiang Kai-shek issued an "order for the end of the military in the Southern Henan Special Administrative Region" and was arranged by Liu Zhenhua, commander-in-chief of the "Suppression of Bandits" in Huanghuang, and directly under the Military and Political Department and Liu Zhenhua's moderation, this rear hospital was directly subordinate to the Military and Political Department and Liu Zhenhua's moderation, so it turned a blind eye to the order of Zhang Xiao, commander-in-chief of the Twentieth Route Army.
Pan Weixin, on the one hand, asked Zhang Wei to coordinate with Zhang Yi, a senior staff officer sent by the Kuomintang Central Committee to inspect the school, and at the same time sent three consecutive submissions to the Provincial Department of Education, requesting Qi Zhenru to inform Liu Zhi, director of Henan Province's Appeasement Bureau, of the "forcible occupation of school buildings by military hospitals." Finally, through the coordination of the special inspection staff officer Zhang Kuiwei, separated from the military hospital from the wall in the courtyard, and from the west side and the backyard to another secluded school gate, teachers and students were able to barely open classes. The school building of the Seventh Middle School was forcibly occupied by reactionary warlords, and it was not until February 1933 that President Pan Weixin asked Chen Ji (vice chairman of the Henan Special Economic Zone of the Qingxiang Rehabilitation Committee of the Three Provinces of Eyu and Anhui, and administrative inspector of the Ninth District of Henan) to return all the school buildings. The book "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year" edited by Pan Weixin has an article entitled "A Brief Description of the Situation of the University in the Past Year", which has a very detailed record of this experience. (See the sixth page of the figure in the "Overview of the Situation in the Past Year" above: After the garrison moved out, the school building was occupied by the rear hospital of the Ministry of Military Affairs, and then asked Chen to order the evacuation; on the seventh page, it is recorded: Pan Weixin suffered from throat disease and overhauled the library and ordered teachers and students to read and turn in reading notes for their usual homework)
Schematic diagram of the 1932 Provincial No. 7 Lieutenant Colonel's House Forcibly Occupied by kuomintang troops (front yard part)
Schematic diagram of the 1932 Provincial No. 7 Lieutenant Colonel's House Forcibly Occupied by kuomintang troops (backyard part)
Reading the previous chapters of the "History of the Seven Provincial Middle Schools", it can be seen that Huangchuan, as the center of the counties in southeastern Henan, has successively replaced many warlord teams. In September 1931, after the 30th Division of Ji Hongchang's 22nd Route Army withdrew from Huangchuan, Zeng Wanzhong's 12th Division and Chen Yaohan's 50th Division took over the Huang and Shang defense, and in 1932, Zhang Xiao's 20th Route Army took over the defense of Huangchuan, responsible for the Fusui Committee of the Henan Special Administrative Region and the "Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army in Southern Henan", and appointed and dismissed the county chiefs of the prefectures. After the Nationalist 75th and 76th Divisions arrived in Huangchuan, the 2nd and 12th Divisions were transferred out of Huangchuan. During the "Qing Suppression" operation in August, Zhang Xuan's first column attacked the Pupi River in Guangshan, and Chen's second column moved from the Xinyang Pinghan Line to Xuanhuadian, cooperating with Liu Zhenhua and Hu Zongnan to encircle the Red Fourth Front base area from the left and right flanks. After the establishment of the Office of the Administrative Inspector of the Ninth District of Henan Province, it once had jurisdiction over nine counties and districts, including Huangchuan, Guangshan, Gushi, Xixian, Shangcheng, Luoshan, Xinyang, Jingfu (present-day Xinxian County), and Lihuang (present-day Jinzhai). Xu Yaping was the first commissioner, and Chen Ji was the second commissioner and security commander of the Ninth District Office.
Portraits of Chen Inheritance and his calligraphy works (Chen Inheritance specializes in Lishu)
Chen Ji (1893-1971), alias Wumin, a native of Jingjiang, Jiangsu, was a lieutenant general in the Kuomintang Army; in his early years, he successively studied at the Jiangsu Army Primary School, the Army No. 4 Middle School, and the Baoding Military Academy; participated in two eastern expeditions, and later transferred to the Huangpu Military Academy as the commander of the Fourth Regiment of the Teaching Regiment; and in 1924 he was hired as a lieutenant colonel instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy. After the Northern Expedition, he was promoted to commander of the 22nd Division of the National Revolutionary Army, and in June 1932, he was appointed commander of the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In June, he also served as the commander of the Second Column of the Zhonglu Army of the General Headquarters of the Border Areas of Henan and Anhui Provinces, commanded the Second Division, the Third Division, the Fifth Division, and the 80th Division of the Central Army to carry out the fourth encirclement and suppression of the Red Fourth Front Army in the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region; in December, he also served as the deputy chairman of the Aftermath Committee of the Henan Special Region, the commander of the Headquarters of the Southern Henan Qing suppression district, and the administrative inspector of the Ninth District of Henan Province; later, he successively served as the education chief of the Central Army Officer School, the deputy director of the Military and Political Department, the director of the Sichuan Provincial Officer Training Corps, and the deputy commander of the Sixth Theater. Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Eleventh Theater and Director of the Beiping Forward Command Post, Commander-in-Chief of the Beiping Garrison Headquarters, First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the North China Bandit General Headquarters, and Commander-in-Chief of the Nanjing Garrison Headquarters, fled to Taiwan before the liberation of the mainland.
Chen inherited the command of Song Tiancai of the 75th Division, Dai Minquan of the 45th Division, Shangguan Yunxiang of the 47th Division, and Tang Huaiyuan of the 12th Division to "garrison and suppress" the Soviet zone, causing a great passive situation for the Red Army in the Eyu-Anhui base area and committing war crimes against history and the people. The second series of "Gwangju Literature and History Materials" edited and published by the Huangchuan County CPPCC Cultural and Historical Committee in December 1985 contained Wang Mianzhi and Hao Zushou's "Outline of the Office of the Administrative Inspector of the Ninth District of Henan Province", and there are also some records about Chen's succession:
In the early years of the Republic of China, Huangchuan was subordinate to Henan Province (later renamed NanruGuangdao). In 1927, it belonged to the administrative region of southern Henan. In 1928, it was divided into the third district of southern Henan, which had jurisdiction over Huangchuan, Guangshan, Gushi, Xixian, Shangcheng, Zhengyang and Luoshan counties, and the chief executive was stationed in Huangchuan. This is the predecessor of the Ninth District Office. In October 1932, the Huangchuan Ninth District Special Office was established, its full name is "Henan Province's Ninth District Administrative Inspector's Office", which belongs to eight counties, namely Huangchuan, Guangshan, Gushi, Xixian, Shangcheng, Luoshan, Xinyang, and Jingfu. After Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution, the land of Shenzhou was full of anti-Chiang Kai-shek anger, the people's revolution in the Dabie Mountains surged up, the Shangcheng established a red regime, and the people of Guangshan, Huangchuan, Luoshan, Hubei, Huangpi, Macheng, and other places rose up one after another, and the spark of stars suddenly became a burning trend. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek personally visited central China, sat in Wuhan, and appointed himself "commander-in-chief of bandits in the four provinces of Yu'e, Anhui, and Gansu," and sent large armies everywhere to attack the red base area of Dabie Mountain. In order to quickly extinguish the revolutionary flames of the people and enrich the middle-level political and military institutions, a commissioner's office was set up in Huangchuan. After 1933, it was changed to "Inspector of the Ninth District of Henan Province and Commander of Security". ...... In the spring of 1933, Chen succeeded him as commissioner. Chen was a lieutenant general in the Kuomintang First Army, who led an elite regiment to Huangchuan and served as the commissioner of the Ninth District and the governor of Huangchuan County. Chen's troops were relatively disciplined, did not apportion indiscriminately, straightened out local public order and county chambers of commerce, and founded the Henan Daily. Chen's behavior was praised by the public, and for this reason, people erected a "Chen Wumin (Chen Wumin) General Virtue and Politics Monument" for Chen outside the gate of the special office. After destruction, it was destroyed by the fall. In the autumn of 1933, Guo Jingdai came to Huang huang to take over chen's post as commissioner. Soon after, the position was handed over to Liang Guanying. Liang was the commander of the Kuomintang army, and led his troops to garrison Jingfu County, and moved the special office to the area. In November 1934, Han Junjie transferred Huangchuan as a commissioner and moved the special office back to Huangchuan.
Map of Henan Province during the Republic of China Period (Scale 1 in 4 million)
After the Spring Festival in 1933, because the commander of the Kuomintang First Army, Chen Inheritor, came to Huangchuan as the administrative inspector of the Ninth District, Pan Weixin asked Chen Toxi for help, asking him to try to order the rear hospital of the Ministry of Military Affairs to evacuate the school, Chen inherited from childhood to enter the family school, his father was Xiucai at the end of the Qing Dynasty, he had served as an instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy, he claimed to be a regular army, he had always resented soldiers for invading the localities, and the army was stricter, and he heard that the seventh middle school building was originally the Gwangju Tribute Courtyard of the Qing Dynasty, and was defaced by soldiers, when he was allowed to evacuate the military and political department hospital and garrison on the campus. He also ordered the withdrawal of all troops by Sunday, 12 February. Three days after the Lantern Festival, all the personnel of the rear hospital left the provincial seventh middle school and returned the school building that had been occupied for more than a year. At this point, all the houses and school buildings occupied by the garrison were all recovered, and President Pan Weixin asked the director of affairs, Lu Zhang (Zi Younan, Henan Chen Liuren, who was the director of the Education Bureau of Chen Liu County), to seize the time to repair the school building, hoping that at the end of the winter vacation, the newly recruited spring starting class new students could use the new classrooms and dormitories before the start of school. The following is the floor plan of Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School:
The full map of the "Floor Plan of henan provincial no. 7 Middle School in the 22nd year of the Republic of China" re-transcribed by Huangshui Chuxiang
Local diagram:
The first three courtyards of the central axis of the front door of the seventh central gate of Henan Province
Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School Campus rear two courtyards (the auditorium is a double-storey building)
In the twenty-second year of the Republic of China (1933), the campus environment of the Provincial Seventh Middle School was repaired and adjusted, all the defaced walls and buildings were painted and repaired, tables and chairs and teaching aids, beds and other daily necessities were re-purchased, the auditorium and the library reading room were newly renovated, the classrooms were installed with glass that was not common at that time, which could be ventilated and ventilated, and applied to the Provincial Department of Education to exempt some students from tuition fees and allocate education funds for the purchase of books and experimental instruments, so the teaching facilities of the whole school gradually became more formal. The title page of "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year" now has a campus plan (see the picture above "The Floor Plan of Henan Provincial Seventh Middle School in the Twenty-second Year of the Republic of China"), and there are nine layout illustrations to illustrate the nine articles, so that we can clearly understand the changes in the school system from the Gongyuan to the Provincial Seventh Middle School:
1. There was originally a wall outside the gate, the east and west were two gates, and a pair of flagpoles were placed in the center, which was demolished by the garrison in the fifteenth year of the Republic of China;
2. Five gates, the principal of song zuduo in the eighth year of the Republic of China was rebuilt into a Western-style wall, and the middle was a road;
3. The second room is five, the middle three rooms are conference rooms, the east one is the teaching class, the west one is the guidance class, and the three rooms in the west of the courtyard are the newspaper reading room;
4. The third entrance was originally the five rooms of bingyu hall, and principal Song Zuduo changed it to a Western-style wall, which is now a classroom; there are two and three rows of number houses in the east and west, that is, the current student dormitory;
5. The fourth entrance was originally five rooms in the main court of the Gongyuan, which is now a library; two rooms in the east side of the courtyard, which is now a physical education teacher's room; and two rooms in the west side of the courtyard, which is now a recreation room;
6. The fifth building has five rooms, the upper is the Yiyun Building, the lower is the Sansheng Hall, that is, the current Auditorium, the wall has been converted into Western-style doors and windows by President Wang Bingnan; the east side of the courtyard has three rooms, which are now library rooms; the west side of the courtyard has three rooms, which are now physical and chemical instrument rooms; the east head has six student kitchens, seven student dining rooms, and one service room; and there are nine west-facing classrooms, which were built by Principal Liu Yinluan in the nineteenth year of the Republic of China;
7. There is an east-west side house in the first half of the school, and each gate is opened to allow access; the east side house of the school has three entrances, the first entrance is the gate, and the second entrance is three rooms, that is, the current service room; the third entrance is the main room, that is, the current principal's room; there are three side rooms on the left and right of the court, that is, the current accounting office clerk's room; check the house to the Huangchuan County Persuasion Office for a long time, refuse to let it go, the Republic of China thirteen years, by the principal Chen Wendian submitted an order from the Department of Education to repair the yang 700 yuan to return; in the sixteenth year of the Republic of China, Principal Li Zichun was at the left end of the door of the house. Purchased an official base, immediately demolished the main door, and rebuilt four main rooms, that is, the current Office of the Affairs Division;
8. There are two entrances to the west side of the school, the first is the old gate, which was rebuilt into nine classrooms for teachers in the nineteenth year of the Republic of China; the second is three main rooms, that is, the current faculty room and staff canteen; the west house is four rooms, which are the current faculty rooms and tea stove rooms;
9. The playground of the school, originally in the backyard of the fifth entrance hall of the school, the address is narrow and long, in the autumn of the twentieth year of the Republic of China, through the principal Zhu Ganqing in the northwest corner of the school, purchased a piece of land surnamed Lu Gaotai, counting 12 acres.
Explanation of the campus layout of Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School in the 22nd year of the Republic of China (content from the "History of the School")
Before the opening of the school in the spring of 1933, Pan Weixin also ordered Lu Zhang, the director of affairs, to vacate three of the original faculty rooms as library rooms, to renovate the auditorium into a library reading room, and to have three secluded newspaper reading rooms, and invited school teachers to give lectures on the significance and function of the library and how to make good use of the library, so that the students had a deep understanding of the library. After the new library was put into use, dozens of people read it every day, a phenomenon that was not seen in the past. Pan Weixin then asked teachers of various subjects to take advantage of this opportunity to designate reference books outside the classrooms of each subject, so that students could make reading notes, and submit them to the teachers of each class for inspection and review every weekend, and take this as one of the homework that students of all grades usually have to submit.
According to the "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year", the total number of books in the school library at that time was 6,810 volumes, which were divided into ancient books, philosophy, history, literature, science, geography, education, and 25 categories such as English, society, politics, economics, agriculture, medicine, law, sports, art, science, and magazines; the newspaper room was divided into Shanghai Morning Post, Nanjing Central Daily, Wuhan Daily, Beiping National Daily, Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, Kaifeng Henan Republic of China Daily, Henan Minbao, Henan Education Daily, Luoyang Heluo Daily, There are more than ten kinds of newspapers and periodicals such as Henan Daily, and the staff and staff borrow three books at a time, and students have one book. (See the photo below of the Provincial Seventh Middle School Library and Reading Room printed in "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year".) The original image is seriously defaced, the photo below is a PS repair version)
Photo restoration of the Provincial Seventh Middle School Library and Reading Room in 1933
1933 Provincial Seventh Middle School Library and Reading Room Photo Restoration Edition (text added later)
In the spring of 1933 (the twenty-second year of the Republic of China), the Provincial Seventh Middle School was instructed by the Provincial Department of Education to recruit a class of new students in the spring, a total of 36 people, four second-grade transfer students, the school merged the original third-grade A and B classes into one class, two classes in the second grade, in addition to the first grade A and B class, plus the spring starting class, there were six classes, only 161 students, and there were constantly students who dropped out of school and came late to report (as mentioned above, General Li Yuan was informed of his late arrival at the school). The reason for the large loss of the seventh middle school students, in addition to the early retirement of third-grade students due to employment and marriage problems, was mainly due to the frequent wars and chaos in Huangchuan at that time, and the first two years of either heavy drought or heavy rain, natural and man-made disasters came one after another, rural land was uncultivated, the fields were barren, peasant households were bankrupt, and children's tuition fees became a heavy burden on families.
The appendix of "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year" contains archives of various meeting minutes
The appendix to "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year" contains a meeting record of February 23: The first joint meeting of vocational teachers in the second period of the 21st year was held, Pan Weixin presided over the meeting, Zhang Ligeng, Zhu Qixiang, Xu Ziliang, Liao Hanfan, Zhou Zhongxian, Zhang Bojie, Xi Guangyu, Cheng Xiangtian, etc. attended the meeting, Huang Xiangqian recorded, the meeting selected the list of class teachers; the book and science supplies procurement committee was elected; the meeting decided to hold a school meeting every two weeks on Friday afternoon, and the participants in the school affairs meeting were the principal, the class teachers, and the class teachers, The directors of each department and the representative of the Book Science Committee stipulated that a seminar on teaching work should be held once a month after the small examination; the meeting also formulated a spring sports meeting in early April and elected a preparatory committee; at the same time, it was decided to edit and publish the publication of "Seven in the Past Year", requiring that the submission date be before May 15, and three Chinese language teachers of the school should be elected to be responsible for editing, and the school authorities should be responsible for publishing and printing. (See the above figure of the various meeting records included in the appendix of "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year")
Apply tables and statistical charts for each subject (even use red, green and blue to draw charts similar to excel style)
Pan Weixin managed the school for more than a year, that is, he revised the book "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year", totaling more than 400 pages, covering the regulations of various subjects of teaching affairs, guidance (political education), affairs (general affairs), the work rules of the class teacher, the library management regulations, the rules for the use of various functional rooms, the rules for the management of student life and learning, the guidelines for various school committees, the guidelines for students' extracurricular clubs (clubs), the application forms of various subjects, various statistical charts (even drawing charts similar to excel styles with red, green and blue), teachers' papers, The works of the Student Literature Club, as well as the outline of the Reform Seventh Middle School Plan, various submissions, bulletins, meeting records, etc., are very valuable educational historical materials in our school and even in southeast Henan. After the compilation of this information into the book, the school calendar (i.e. weekly work record) included in the appendix section is comparable to today's school weekly work arrangement, but the layout is different. (See the figure below for the weekly work record preserved in "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year" and the work arrangement of Huangchuan Second Middle Week today)
The weekly work records preserved in "Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year" are no different from the "Weekly Work Schedule" of today's school
The book "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year" also contains the "training" method of guiding students, which can also be used as a useful reference for the current school moral education management: such as cultivating students' habits and abilities of "loyalty, affection, diligence and simplicity"; the implementation of discipline, except for negative sanctions, is based on the principle of positive training; the use of sports fields to cultivate their healthy, brave, mutual assistance, and hard-working character; and the use of libraries and newspaper reading rooms to cultivate their reading interest, thinking, discussion, research and independent learning ability Use rallies to cultivate their ability to speak, debate, think, analyze, and summarize, and to stimulate students' patriotic concepts during national shame and National Day rallies; use conversations to examine students' personalities, discover students' family problems, and give them personalized guidance in a timely manner; use suburban parades to cultivate their heavy peasants and love of beauty. At that time, the school's director of guidance was Xu Futian (Zi Guilin, a native of Ji County, who had served as the county magistrate of Chenliu County and the county magistrate of Wuyang County), and was sent to the school after the winter vacation in 1933. The functions of the guidance course are similar to those of the current Political Education Office and the Moral Education Department, and the guidance director is also a teacher of the Civics Class ("self-cultivation" and "moral" education in the Republic of China period, similar to the current Taoist Law Class).
In 1933, when the Provincial Seventh Middle School gathered on Monday, February 27, the school guidance class (also known as the Training and Education Office) arranged for the students who signed up for the Boy Scouts last week, and coordinated with activists of all grades to organize teachers and students to prepare for the establishment of the Henan Provincial Seventh Middle School Anti-Japanese Group; on March 11 (Saturday), all the teachers and students of the school gathered in the playground to officially announce the establishment of the "Henan Provincial Seventh Middle School Anti-Japanese National Salvation Volunteer Team", and President Pan Weixin issued an anti-Japanese declaration on behalf of the school. (The photo below is the photo of the gate of the Provincial Seventh Middle School and the photo in front of the newly renovated office printed by "Henan Seventh Middle School in one year")
The small characters in the middle of the gate of Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School (the original picture of the old book of the Republic of China are not trimmed) is the school motto "Sincere Love, Diligence and Simplicity"
Courtyard in front of the school office in the 1933 Provincial Seventh Middle School Period (please note the glass windows and the floral lattice pattern)
Beginning on March 25, 1933, the school held a preparatory meeting for the Spring Games to formulate the rules for the athletics and competitions of the Games, and on the 28th, the Affairs Division (now the General Affairs Office) prepared the equipment for the Games. Student sports are traditional events of the school and are held once a year in the absence of special circumstances. The 1933 Provincial Seventh Middle School Spring Games were held from April 1 to 5, with the opening ceremony and part of the preliminary rounds on the first day, the preliminary rounds for each project on the 2nd and 3rd, the finals of each project on the 4th, and the end of the Games on the 5th and 6th, counting the results of the competitions and awarding the winners the championships. After the sports day, the whole school rested for two days, and on the 9th, the school also arranged a consolation meeting for the whole school staff, revealed the achievements of the sports events, held a school meeting, and praised the positive events that appeared in the development of the activity.
On April 6, 1933, the special inspection delegation of the Special Zone of the Department of Education of Henan Province visited Huangchuan, and on the afternoon of the 7th, the Provincial Seventh Middle School held a welcome meeting, and Zhang Jingyu, director of the Construction Department of Henan Province, who was specially invited to inspect in southern Henan, delivered a speech, and Lin Jinqi, secretary of the Provincial Department of Education and member of the inspection delegation, and Zhang Xinmin, member of the inspection delegation, spoke separately. "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in the Past Year" contains the full text of Zhang Jingyu's speech, which includes three contents: (1) the cultivation of good habits, including autonomy and self-improvement; (2) the firmness of patriotic ambition, including the cultivation of professionalism and the character of the music group; (3) the cultivation of basic knowledge (knowledge) (technology) ability, including diligent study and inquisitivity, concentration when listening to lectures, learning from the past, field experiments, and practicing physical practice. Zhang Jingyu's speech played a great role in cultivating positive learning attitudes and behavioral habits for teachers and students of Provincial Seventh Middle School.
Zhang Jingyu (1894-1984), a native of Gaotang County, Shandong, graduated from the Jinan Agricultural Academy in 1914, returned to China at public expense at the Liverpool Institute of Technology in 1924, first served as the secretary of the Party Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee in Guangzhou, transferred to the Huangpu Military Academy, served as the English secretary of Chiang Kai-shek, in 1928 he was the commander of the Northern Expeditionary Army Air Force of the National Government, in 1929 he was appointed as the director of the Air And Air Administration of the General Headquarters of the National Revolutionary Army, and in 1932 he was appointed as the director of the Training Director of the Military Commission of the National Government. In 1950, he went to Taiwan and served as the deputy director of the "Ministry of Economy" and the chairman of the Taiwan Aluminum Company and the Machinery Company.
Henan Education Monthly, Volume III, No. 78, contains the Inspection Report of Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School
The special zone inspection delegation of the Henan Provincial Department of Education was led by Feng Xuanzi, director of the Provincial Department, with Lu Jibai of the Provincial First Normal School, Shi Jingzhi, the Provincial First Women's Normal School, and the Third Provincial Division, Zhang Qishan, Liu Zongju, Song Xiuyu and other student representatives of the Provincial University Affiliated Middle School, as well as the social inspection delegation of Henan University. After the members of the delegation came to the Provincial Seventh Middle School, they also met and talked with some of the students of the Seventh Middle School, and the student representatives reported on the current social situation and disaster situation in southern Henan in different counties. Pan Weixin and members of the School Council accompanied the reception throughout the process, and provided many reports such as various tabular schemes for the reference of the delegation. (See the picture above in the picture above, Henan Education Monthly, Volume III, No. 78, the journal contains the Inspection Report of Henan Provincial Seventh Middle School))
Shi Jingzhi (female, graduated from the Art Education Department of the College of Education of national central university in January 1930, and is a song lyricist and composer of the provincial seventh middle school) written by the inspector of the inspection mission, "My Opinion on the Fundamental Relief of the Henan Special Administrative Region", was included in the "Special Inspection Report of the Special Administrative Region" of the ninth issue of the third volume of the Henan Education Monthly Magazine (published on July 15, 1933, page 152) after the return of the special inspection delegation.
Ms. Shi Jingzhi's article "My Opinion on the Fundamental Relief of the Henan Special Administrative Region" was included in the ninth issue of the third volume of Henan Education Monthly
"Henan Seven Middle Schools in one year" includes the "Provincial Seventh Middle School Song" composed and composed by Ms. Shi Jingzhi
From April 8 to 10, 1933, the delegation visited the homes of the refugees fleeing in various districts of Huangchuan and called all parties to beg for relief for the victims. On the 11th, Chen Jiji, the administrative inspector of the Ninth District, came to the Provincial Seventh Middle School to explain the recent situation to the inspection team. Due to the rainy weather for several consecutive days and the muddy roads, the group of inspection groups had planned to go to Renhe, Jiangjiaji, Shuangliushu, Guangshan, and Xinji, and Chen Ji sent people to assist in the first inspection of Shilitou, Shahedian, and Cypress Shops in the south of Huangchuan. On April 15, a group of Luoshan team members fell into the Bamboo Pole River, and Zhang Qishan led the team to walk to Zhaihe and Fudian, and then looked for a car to huangchuan. On April 17, the delegation took a group photo in front of the newly renovated library auditorium of The Provincial Seventh Middle School (see the group photo of all the members of the Education Inspection Mission in the Tu zone below, noting that the background flower lattice windows are unique to our school and were still preserved until the 1950s). After the sky was clear on the 20th, the inspection team went to Renhe, Guangshan, Baiqueyuan, Shangcheng and Xinji to investigate and visit, during which they encountered many scenes of war disasters such as fighting, casualties, and abandoned corpses, and recorded the photographs one by one. On the 24th, it returned to Kaifeng from Xinyang via the Pinghan Railway and the Longhai Express. On the 28th, a meeting of the editorial department was held in Bie, where the printing work was arranged and the inspection report was summarized and published.
On April 17, 1933, all members of the SAR Education Inspection Mission took a group photo in front of the newly renovated Auditorium of the Provincial Seventh Middle School
In the 1950s, the students of the provincial Huang Middle School bid farewell to Teacher Zhang Chunxiu for a group photo (the background glass window lattice pattern is the same as that of 20 years ago, but the middle has been changed to the entrance hall aisle)
In May 1933, the manuscript of "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in one year" was compiled, and Pan Weixin, through his old friends Wu Qingsong and Wang Jialu, invited Wang Jinglan, then the secretary of the provincial education department, to write the school motto "Sincerity, Love, Diligence, and Park" for Henan Provincial Seventh Middle School, which was printed on the title page of the book. Wang Jinglan's inscriptions, iron paintings, silver hooks, and zhuang zhuangjie, with simple and clumsy penmanship and elegance, are rare and important school history materials. (See figure below the school motto inscribed by the Republic of China calligrapher Wang Jinglan for the Provincial Seven Middle Schools)
Wang Jinglan (1888-1935), also spelled Ji, late Chengzhai , was a member of YiKouShengsheng , a native of Ji County ( present-day Weihui ) in Henan. Wang Jinglan's family style is very strict, his father is particularly heavy on "training children to study hard, and to travel from the sages and friends", backward in the family road, with the financial support and encouragement of Li Shican and others, he studied hard, and later engaged in politics, quite a political voice, and once served as the chief secretary of the Department of Education of Henan Province of the Republic of China. Wang Jinglan is brilliant in literature, especially good at calligraphy, proficient in various bodies, the Republic of China educator Zhang Jiamou once called him "sexually pleasing to calligraphy and painting, sealed to Maomei", his calligraphy is simple and thick, his pen power is abundant, and he is clumsy and has a spirit. Wang Jialu, born in 1917, is a native of Datong Hutong, Yandian Street, Jixian County. He joined the revolution in 1937. During the Liberation War, he served as a political work intelligence officer of the Jixian Branch of the Yubei Intelligence Station of the Taihang Military Region and an intelligence officer of the City Engineering Department of the Jixian County CPC Committee. Wang Jinglan is Wang Jialu's cousin. Wang Jinglan had four sons, namely: Wang Jiayou, graduated from Henan University and served as a clerk in the Anhui Provincial Government; Wang Jiazhang, a member of the Agricultural College of Henan University; Wang Jiachen, an ordinary civilian official, an intern of the Henan Construction Department, and a section member of the Ji County Government; Wang Jiaxiang, graduated from the Huangpu Military Academy, and his wife was Zhang Wenjing. Wang Jinglan also has two daughters: Wang Jiayun (a female teacher training graduate) and Wang Jiayun. Wu Qingsong, a native of Jixian County, entered jixian no. 12 Middle School in 1920, and taught at Yubei Middle School and Provincial Jixian Middle School (now Weihui No. 1 Middle School) after graduating from Yenching University. Wu Qingsong is the sixth oldest, and his fifth brother Wu Qingliu (Ziming Wu) is Wu Qingliu, who founded Yubei Middle School introduced above. Wang Jialu's cousin Wang Jiayun married Wu Qingsong, the sixth brother of Wu Qingliu, and Pan Weixin's brother Pan Zuoxin and Wu Qingsong's fifth brother Wu Qingliu gathered funds to build Yubei Middle School. Because of the relationship between his brother Pan Zuoxin and Wu Qingliu, Pan Weixin was acquainted with Wu Qingsong from an early age, and was a classmate when he was in the Twelfth Provincial High School of Jixian County, Wu Qingsong was admitted to Peking Yenching University in 1925, and in 1926, Pan Weixin was admitted to the Provincial Zhongzhou University. In 1933, Wang Jialu defected to his cousin Wang Jinglan, who was then the chief secretary of the Department of Education of Henan Province, and was then arranged to be an apprentice at the Kaifeng Zhonghua Bookstore, and in June of the same year, "Seven Middle Schools in Henan in one year" was printed at the Kaifeng Kaiming Bookstore and handed over to the Kaifeng Commercial Press and the Kaifeng Zhonghua Bookstore for sale and distribution.
Henan Provincial No. 7 Middle School Training Restoration Map (Huangshui Chuxiang Mapping)
Since arriving in 1932 for nearly a year, Pan Weixin has gained a certain understanding and familiarity with the Provincial Seventh Middle School, and he has led teachers and students to the border of the special administrative region and the poor places in counties and townships on many occasions to inspect the rural situation on the spot. In April 1933, in response to the measures of the Two Departments of Education and Construction of the "Outline of the Measures for the Preparation of the Establishment of Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Schools", Pan Weixin combined the current situation of the rural areas of southern Henan and the focus of social economy, taking into account that for many years due to wars and natural disasters, the rural agricultural livelihood had withered away, the rural population was hungry and cold, desperate and risky, there were no fields to cultivate, and there were houses that could not be lived, in order to actively rectify the countryside, increase production, train and train skilled peasants and village management talents, especially for southern Henan to cultivate talents with rich production skills, and help rural peasants complete the basic economic accumulation of their families. Reducing the drop-out of poor peasants, improving the students' agricultural production and sideline production expertise and knowledge, and compiling the "Outline of the Seventh Reform Plan" with expectations, but because of his departure, he did not put it into practice.
In the appendix of "Henan Seven Middle Schools in the Past Year", the full text of Pan Weixin's "Outline of the Seventh Middle School Plan for Reform" is included, and he plans to reform the provincial Seventh Middle School into an experimental school for rural construction, in order to alleviate the urgent needs of society and students' families, build the Seventh Middle School into a school urgently needed to serve the current situation of agriculture and rural areas, train more agricultural technicians and village management talents for the society, and hope that the Seventh Middle School can be better built and developed in the environment of that time. (See figure below of Pan Weixin's Outline of the Seventh Reform Plan))
The appendix of "Henan Seventh Middle School in the Past Year" includes the first page of the "Outline of the Seventh Reform Plan"
At the end of 1933, the Henan Provincial Department of Education sent a telegram ordering all provincial schools to change the names of the original sequence of schools in the name of the territory.
In February 1934, the Provincial No. 7 Middle School was renamed the Provincial Huangchuan Junior High School in accordance with the order of the Department of Education. In the years before the War of Resistance Against Japan, the provincial government was well-known in Henan and even in neighboring provinces (Hubei and Anhui). In addition to southeast Henan, there are also candidates from western Anhui and northern Hubei who come to the examination, with more than 1,000 candidates per year, and the admission of new students is only 100 in two classes every year, less than 10 percent of the number of candidates, and its fierce competition is conceivable. Teachers in all subjects are selected on the basis of merit, so the quality of education is very good, and they participate in the provincial unified examination, and each score ranks among the best. By the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, the school had three grades, the second class of each year, a total of six classes, more than 300 students, more than 40 teaching staff.
In July 1934, Huangchuan conscription adopted the method of drawing lots, the successful recruits enlisted in the army, the unsuccessful candidates received national soldier training, the conscription stipulated that among male citizens, 18 to 35 years old were Grade A Zhuang Ding, 36 to 45 years old were Grade B Zhuang Ding, the only son of the orphan son was not conscripted, the college, teacher, and middle school students were slowly conscripted, and the disabled mentally ill patients were exempted from conscription. Most of the provincial students did not participate in the conscription and were exempted from conscription.
Autumn colors in the mountains of Han Laowu Villagers Group in Helong Village, Xinxian County, Henan (Photo: Xinxian Radio and Television Station)
In February 1935 (the 24th year of the Republic of China), Han Jiaxue (1906-1997, Zi Boming, Han Laowu, a native of Han Laowu, Helong Village, Xinxian County, was heavily regarded by Wang Shijie, the first president of The National Wuhan University. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to the United States to study, and returned as the secretary of the Major General of the Kuomintang Central Training Corps) from Luoyang Girls' High School to succeed Pan Weixin as the principal of Huangchuan Middle School. Pan Weixin was transferred north to the Henan Provincial Department of Education as an inspector, and also served as an inspector of the Sixth District Commissioner's Office of Henan Province, inspecting the school and education in 13 counties including Nanyang, Fangcheng, Tongbai, Tanghe, Wuyang and Yexian. In 1936, Pan Weixin was reappointed to the office of the Commissioner of the First District to inspect the school and education in Zheng County, Kaifeng, Zhongmu, Yu County and other counties. In 1937, by the order of the Henan Provincial Department of Education, the 1234 Special District was occupied by the Japanese Kou, and the schools under its jurisdiction moved south to Yu County, and Pan Weixin concurrently served as the chief of the civil affairs section of the Yu County Government as an officer of the Provincial Department of Education.
Old photo of the gate of The Yuxian County Government during the Republic of China period (Photo: Confucius Old Book Network)
In October 1937, the iron hooves of the Japanese Kou had trampled into the Yellow River Valley, Anyang was lost, northern Henan and eastern Henan fell, the provincial capital of Kaifeng was in danger, all colleges of Henan University began to evacuate Kaifeng in batches, and provincial schools moved south. In the winter of 1937, the three provincial secondary schools of Jizhi, Jizhong and Jishi and the private Yubei Middle School of Jixian County were moved to Yu with the help of Li Shican (1866-1943, Zi Minxiu, late Qing Dynasty Jinshi, famous scholar, educator and bibliophile) in the Central Plains.
In the autumn of 1938, Wu Qingliu, the former principal of Yubei Middle School, began to organize the Yuxian School Department. A year after the establishment of the school in Yu, Hou Ziqi, the director of training and education, was recommended as the police chief of Yu County, and he cooperated with the Civil Affairs Kepan Weixin to jointly help Wang Huanwu, the county magistrate of Yu County, implement a series of new policies. Through the joint efforts of enlightened people from Jiyu and Yu County, the traditional habit of "Yuxian teenagers like to do business and apprentice" has been reversed, and it has played a certain role in promoting the development of Yuxian's cultural and educational undertakings. The Chronicle of Yu County," which was revised by Wang Linglin and others in the eighth year of the Republic of China (written by "Yu County Sanjie" Wang Yulin and Chen Jiahuan and interviewed by Tian Chuntong), was written in the 24th year of the Republic of China, and the woodcut edition of the County Chronicle was printed in 30 volumes, and it was also printed in this year.
The Chronicle of YuXian County, which was revised by Wang Yulin and others in the eighth year of the Republic of China, was printed in 1938 and photocopied by The Taipei Chengwen Publishing House in 1976
In February 1939 (the 28th year of the Republic of China), the Nationalist Government appointed Fang Ce as acting chairman of the Henan Provincial Government. In November, Hou Muyi (Zi Yixing, a native of Meixian County, Guangdong), a graduate of the Department of Political Science and Law of Peking University, was appointed as the county magistrate of Yu County. At this time, Pan Weixin's eldest son, Pan Haohan, had already studied with Jizhong Laiyu, and his daughter Pan Yanli had also reached the age of attending primary school. Pan Weixin and Zhao Ziyi, with several children, rented a family in Kangjiaqiao Street, not far from the Yuxian county government. (See the new look of Kangjiaquan where Pan Weixin lived when he was in Yu County below)
The Kang family where Pan Weixin lived when he was in Yu County is a new look today
The location of Kangjiaqiao Street in the Juntai Subdistrict Office of Yuzhou City in the present-day map
From 1940 to 1941, in order to consolidate its occupied areas, the Japanese North China Front actively implemented the "public order and rectification" plan, practiced "total force warfare," and at the same time carried out "encroachment" and "public security strengthening campaigns" with "sweeping" as the main form of operation. In particular, in the battlefield of North China, under the bitter blows of the Communist Party of China with the two huge iron fists of "anti-encroachment and anti-sweeping," the Japanese and Kosovars suffered heavy blows from our army in every battlefield. The Japanese were at the end of their ropes, on the verge of collapse. However, the aggressive Japanese imperialists were not content with defeat, and since the autumn of 1941, they have continuously dispatched a large number of aircraft to bomb our central plains indiscriminately.
The platform of Zhengzhou Railway Station of the Pinghan Railway after the Japanese bombing
In May 1941 (the 30th year of the Republic of China), more than 60,000 Japanese troops launched the "Battle of Zhongtiao Mountain", the left Wing Japanese army attacked from Northern Henan Boai, Qinyang to Jiyuan and Mengxian, and more than 300,000 Kuomintang troops retreated south of the Yellow River, and by May 25, all the Zhongtiao Mountain area had fallen. At the end of June, many counties in northern and western Henan suffered from floods, droughts, hail, frosts, locusts and other disasters. In October, Japanese aircraft bombed Yu County again, killing more than 200 people. In the winter, the Workers of Shenao in Yu County went on strike.
In April 1942 (the 31st year of the Republic of China), the Henan Provincial Government and its subordinate organs moved from Luoyang to Lushan. The Henan Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang and the Henan Republic of China Daily also moved here. In June, more than 10,000 Japanese troops invaded Lin County and Hui County. In September, the Japanese Twelfth Army and more than 10,000 Japanese puppet troops carried out a "iron wall encirclement" sweep to the Jiluyu District. At the same time, the drought in the province was very serious, and the bark and grass roots in Gong County, Dengfeng, and Mi Counties were all eaten by the starving people; between Zhengzhou and Luoyang, the victims fled along the way, and Yu County also poured in a large number of fleeing victims, and natural and man-made disasters appeared at the same time. According to the "Liberation Daily" and other newspapers, Henan Province was widely affected by disasters (mainly drought), the annual grain harvest was less than 1/12, the number of victims reached 10 million, more than 1.5 million people died of starvation, and about 3 million people fled.
Refugees and victims displaced during the Great Famine in Henan in 1942
In December 1942, Chairman Mao Zedong delivered a report entitled "Economic and Financial Problems in the Period of Resistance Against Japan" at a meeting of senior cadres of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, pointing out that "developing the economy and ensuring supply are the general principles of our economic and financial work." Since then, the base areas under the leadership of our party have successively launched a vigorous large-scale production campaign. (See the figure below, the military and civilians in the base areas carried out a large-scale production campaign, and set up a hand spinning wheel to spin yarn and weave cloth)
The military and civilians in the base areas carried out large-scale production campaigns, setting up hand-cranked spinning wheels to spin yarn and weave cloth
In March 1943 (the 32nd year of the Republic of China), heavy rain and snow generally fell in western Henan. In June, there was an epidemic in Henan Province. Luoyang, Yanshi, Xuchang, Yuxian and other places and some huangpan areas were plagued by locusts. This year, Pan Weixin's niece Pan Fulian came to Yu County to study. According to Pan Fulian's memoirs "Memories of the Past":
It was the dry period of the first month, and the Yellow River was calm and calm. The landscape of crossing the river is very different, because the national army changed the river, the villagers were forced to migrate, coupled with the drought, flood, locust plague in those years, year after year, the people did not have a good life, hungry and dead along the way, wild dogs devoured corpses and bones, miserable to see, day and night, more than ten days later, An arrived in Yu County, all the way to see and hear, are yellow-skinned old and weak women and children, ragged begging, wind and dust servants, where is home, a blank face, only speechless to ask the sky.
In the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the schools in Ji county, such as Jishi, Jizhong and Northern Henan were all moved to Yu County, the former class leader taught, the second uncle served as the head of the civil affairs section, the first father and I arrived in late February of the 3rd year of the Republic of China, brothers and friends were reunited for a long time, they had dinner for several days, and The father of The Tenth Yu returned to his hometown, I entered the first year of the middle school, and since I was a child, the second uncle has loved me very much, regarded me as his daughter, and the second aunt cared more about me, and the love was greater, which made me feel warm. Unfortunately, the good times were not normal, the Japanese army launched a large-scale attack to the south, and although the central authorities diverted the Yellow River to block the offensive, a large area of jiangshan in several provinces in the southeast and north had fallen under the enemy's iron heel, the Nanjing Massacre, looting and rape, and hundreds of thousands of compatriots were brutally killed. Japan is eager to attack from the north and the south, victory is just around the corner, and wants to eliminate China in one fell swoop, bombers are dispatched every day, bombing everywhere, Emergency alarms in YuXian County, several cases a day, schools are forced to close, the people flee to the suburbs every day, life is disorderly, miserable, look up, see bombs and machine gun bullets, like hail falling from the sky, flames are everywhere, screaming and wailing, panic all day long.
At this time, Yu County can be called the central hinterland of Henan Province, or the center of gravity of the War of Resistance against the enemy. The Japanese are bound to win. With the continuous harassment of the Japanese army and the bombing of aircraft, the teachers and students of Yu County, JiShi, Ji Zhi, and Ji Zhongyu County were once again evacuated to the mountainous areas of western Yu County. Pan Weixin led the villagers of Yu County to the mountains of western Henan to carry out guerrilla struggles against the Japanese Kou. On April 22, 1944, the Yu County government issued an evacuation order, mobilizing the residents of the city to move to the western mountains, and at the same time, notified all organs, schools, and organizations to stop working and immediately move all documents, archives and important materials to Liujiazhai in Beishan. On May 1, Xuchang fell. On May 2, the Japanese 62nd Division divided into three routes and attacked Yu County; the Nationalist 29th Army took advantage of the stubborn resistance in the mountains to fight the Japanese army near Huanggangdian for a day, and the defenders were forced to retreat and break through. On May 3, the Japanese army continued to attack Yu County, forming a siege on Yu County. The Defenders of Yu County were unable to return fire under the pressure of Japanese artillery fire. On the evening of May 3, Yu County fell. Part of the defenders of the Nationalist 29th Army retreated into the Yuxi Mountains. From May 4 to 8, the Japanese army launched a frenzied encirclement and suppression of the remnants of the Yu County defenders in Wenshu, Fangshan, Jingao, and Daliushan. The Chinese army, in turn, retreated from the gap along Ruzhou to Yichuan and Luoyang.
The mountainous area in the western part of Yu County overlooks the fang cottage
Thousands of villages fall like cold food, and there are no people and flowers. The scourges inflicted on the people by the frenzied attack of the Japanese Kou and the people's livelihood caused by the war cannot be expressed unless they have experienced it themselves. The tragic situation here is recorded in detail in Ms. Pan Fulian's memoir "Remembrance of the Past":
Remember the thirty-three years of the Republic of China, I was in late February to the second uncle's house, that year the lunar calendar leap April, the first Four Months of April (the author's note: the fourteenth day of The fourth month before the lunar calendar is May 6, 1944, Saturday), the family sent coal, I signed for the harvest, the date written April 14th, because 4 is written specially, so the memory is deep. Walking to the door of the second uncle's room, I suddenly felt that both knees were soft at the same time, standing straight and kneeling on the ground, when the workers were beside me, I felt very embarrassed, and I did not expect that after April 14 (the author's note: June 4, 1944, Sunday), that is, the day of the second uncle's suffering, could it be providence in the darkness, or was it a sign, that there was such a coincidence, fate! Weird!
In June of the solar calendar, the Japanese soldiers attacked the county seat, the whole family fled to Xishan a few days earlier, the second uncle led the county government colleagues, and the teachers of the same township, all fled to the mountainous areas, the next day war reports were frequent, the nationalist army also retreated to the mountainous areas, the sound of guns and bullets, getting closer and closer, obviously there were short troops, shouting and shouting, the sound shook the valley, the nationalist army retreated while fighting, and the soldiers were defeated like mountains. The battle situation was critical, we fled to the mountains at night, and found few uninhabited caves in the deep mountains, and the sound of gunshots and bullets in the early morning was close at hand, and at about seven o'clock in the morning, the Japanese soldiers loaded their guns, and the bayonets on the guns were dangling, and they went into the hole and stabbed at the inner hole.
At this time, the Japanese army escorted the second uncle and the third brother Yang Han into the cave, and they were arrested somewhere. The second aunt and we begged to be released, the Japanese soldiers made a gesture to stab us to death, and had to succumb to the enemy's obscenity, and soon the Japanese soldiers escorted the second uncle and the third brother to leave the cave, knowing that the murder was more than auspicious, the moment of life and death, the liver and intestines were broken, weeping and wailing, the second uncle and the third brother turned back step by step, the eyes of sorrow and fear and reluctance, never forget, the pain and grief, the miserable state, the incomparable, the heart weeping blood, the sorrow, the feelings of shame, how unbearable, the hateful devil lost his conscience, so that the people were destroyed, and the hatred was great, and there was no such thing.
Near noon, the Japanese army turned in, the mountain suddenly appeared calm, the second aunt asked Uncle Shi En to escort me and the villagers east down the mountain, she and her two sisters left to wait for the news. At dusk, I arrived at the second uncle's friend's house, it was a small village, the next day, the bad news was spread, said that the second uncle carried water for the Japanese soldiers, could not pick up, there was a service soldier, the chief of the Yan section could not move, by my behalf, the traitor told the Japanese soldiers, the chief of the Wen Department, that is, with the butt of the gun to push the second uncle into a sweet potato cellar, and burned grass, and then watered into the cellar, the door panel was covered, the second uncle was suffocated alive in the cellar, the next day the Japanese army turned in, the second aunt begged for the guidance of the landlord, and began to pull the second uncle out, but the sad second uncle was only 42 years old, in the heroic years, the ambition was not rewarded, leaving his wife small, hated to the end, and died without a blind eye Oh, what's the point?
From this recollection, it can be seen that Pan Weixin was unfortunately arrested after Yu County was captured by the 62nd Division of the Japanese Army, and when he followed the people of Yu County, teachers and students from the same township to flee to the western mountains in the direction of Forbidden Ditch and Fanggang, and on the way to go on a guerrilla attack to avoid the Japanese Kou. Pan Weixin refused the Japanese Kou's request to manage the puppet government of Yu County and take up the post of traitorous official, and was thrown into the cellar by the Japanese soldiers, burned with water, suffocated by poisonous smoke, and martyred. He died on June 4, 1944 (the fourteenth day of the fourth lunar leap month). (The picture below is the portrait of Pan Weixin, the original historical material of the Republic of China)
Ms. Pan Fulian's memoir "Memories of the Past" also records the situation of Pan Weixin's return to the burial of Zu Mo in Ji County after his death:
Poor Yang Han was thirteen or fourteen years old, he was arrested at a young age to become a military man, accompanied by the army to carry a heavy load on the mountain road, really did not catch him, begged to let him have a way to live, Kou Fa compassion, let his brother go home, lost in the mountains, fortunately guided by good people, found the home when he took refuge, at this time the second uncle was preparing to enter the funeral, poor can still see the last side of his father, the second brother is vast and burdened Sichuan, thousands of miles, do not tell the funeral, whining and mourning! The human tragedy is nothing more than this, the third brother is desperate for a family to hold their heads and weep, and those present do not have sour noses, shed tears of sympathy, and scold the Japanese devils who have lost their conscience, destroying humanity, and heaven is intolerable.
After yu returned to ji, his father almost died two or three months later, because the county magistrate of Jixian County was corrupt, exploited the people, and enriched himself, and his father spoke out in righteousness and exonerated the county magistrate, he colluded with the Japanese public security, and in the middle of the night, he searched my house, there were many candles in the house, they had a hand, they searched thoroughly, even Grandma's house and Cao Sheng's family, every house, no one was spared, fear and helplessness, indescribable.
Thirty-four years after the Republic of China, the victory of the War of Resistance, the whole country rejoiced, the father put another house, arranged properly, sent people to Yu to welcome the second uncle coffin back to his hometown, the whole family to the railway station to greet, the juniors kneel. It is said that there has never been a coffin into the city, only out of the city, but the father and the county magistrate and the garrison commander, quite a friendship, because they are related to the administrative affairs of the county town, in the evening to the house with their father to discuss the big plan, the guards stand guard, so they can make an exception to let the coffin into the city to go home, choose a day to hang out of the funeral, everything is carried out according to ancient rites, relatives and friends mourn the public sacrifice, the representative of the garrison national army also put on incense, and sent to the suburbs, so that the second uncle who was martyred for the country can bury the ancestral cocoon.
Weihui Tanggang Pan Ancestral Tombstone of Pan Weixin (Tomb of Pan Weixin and Zhao Ziyi Buried Together)
On September 23, 2019, the article "The Traces of The Pan Clan of Wei Hui" written by Yonghua lists the pan clan and the Pan clan of the Tiger Palm Ditch, and specifically mentions the tombs of Pan Yingxuan and Pan Weixin in pan's ancestral home:
Pan's ancestral home is adjacent to Xu Shichang Zuying, and the villagers are commonly known as "Great Monument Land". The ancestral tombstones of Pan Clan of Tanggang still have the tombstones of Pan Yingxuan, Pan Weixin, and Pan Bingxin. Pan Tingxuan, character Yingxuan, student, is the founder of "One Finish Small". Pan Weixin, zi Zhongmin, graduated from Henan University, successively served as the principal of Xinyang Huangchuan Middle School, a section member of the Education Department of the Henan Provincial Government, an inspector of the Sixth District Commissioner's Office of Henan and the Commissioner's Office of the First District of Henan, and the chief of the Civil Affairs Section of the Yuxian County Government. In 1944, he was killed by Rikou and buried in Tanggang Pan's ancestral home. Pan Weixin, together with his brother Pan Zuoxin and others, founded the private Yubei Middle School in Jixian County (later merged into Weihui No. 1 Middle School). Pan Zuoxin, a native of GulouQianjie, Jixian City, graduated from the Law Department of Peking University, and served as the trustee of Jixian County No. 2 Primary School (now Yiquan Primary School), the director of teaching affairs and vice principal of the private Yubei Middle School. ......
The Pan family of Gulou Street in Weihui City has a deep family culture and talents. Especially at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, when the country was in turmoil, Pan Yingxuan and Pan Zuoxin's father and son, with a positive and upward gentlemanly style, faced with the mission of "the rise and fall of the world and the responsibility of the husband", took the initiative to respond to the awakening and transmutation of dreams, threw themselves into education, and actively explored the road to saving the country and the people. After a hundred years, the "One Complete Small" and Wei Hui No. 1 Middle School, which are only one wall away from the Pan Family Compound, are still the halls that Xinxin students yearn for after several name changes and reforms. ......
The sound of books under the Dabie Mountain is still bright, and the strings and songs on the Xiaohuang River have not been embellished for a hundred years. The provincial seventh middle period was named ordinal from 1921 by order of the government to 1933 when it was renamed provincial Huangzhong, counting more than 12 years before and after. Pan Weixin went to work in August 1932 and came to Han Jiaxue to take over Huangzhong, but for more than two years. However, the world is chaotic, wars are breeding, and there are hundreds of industries; the restoration of schools, the expulsion of garrisons, the improvement of institutions, and the agreement of charters; the addition of books and instruments, the promotion of training and moral conduct; the failure to make educators waste time; the emphasis on automatic study and active training; the indoctrination of passive indoctrination and passive sanctions; the exemption of tuition fees for students with economic difficulties, the assembly of progressive students, and the full support; and then the north to resist Japan, do not yield to foreign insults, and martyr the country!
The philosopher's day is far away, and the punishment is in the past.
Wind eaves exhibition book reading, ancient road illuminated color.
The Scythians are gone, but the Book of Veda is still alive.
(To be continued)
Sources of the "History of the Seven Provincial Middle Schools":
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5. In 1991, edited by Xu Youchun, published by Hebei People's Publishing House, Dictionary of Figures of the Republic of China;
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11. In 2018, "Selected Historical Materials of Huangchuan No. 2 Lieutenant Colonel";
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26. 2003, Memoirs of Ms. Pan Fulian (Taiwan), Reminiscences, Sina Weibo (Liu Zhujun), 2014;
27. In 2009, Zhang Shuixiang, editor-in-chief, Chronicle of Weihui No.1 Middle School;
28. Yin Weihua, "The Distant Yubei Middle School";
29. Cheng Yonghua, "Remembrance of the Passionate Years of Wang Jialu, an Underground Intelligence Officer in Jixian County";
30. Huo Dezhu, Wei Hui's Story of the Republic of China, "Talking About Wei Hui's Celebrity of the Republic of China "Wang Yongji"";
31. Cheng Yonghua, [Little Seven Scavenger Hunts], "Wei Hui Pan's Traces";
32. China Yuzhou Network, Yang Yurun, "The Strategy of successive county magistrates of the Republic of China of Yu County";
33. Sui Jifeng, The Battle of Yuzhong;
34. Baidu Encyclopedia, Henan Famine, Ruzhou Defense War, Fang Shanzhai, etc.
(This article is original content.) Please contact the author Huangshui Chuxiang for reprinting, thank you! ）