The "shame of Jingkang" directly led to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Song Huizong Zhao Tuo and the Song Qinzong Zhao Huan Second Emperor were taken captive by the Jin people, forcibly removed the dragon robe, and was deposed by the Jin ruler Jin Taizong Guanyan Sheng (real name Completed Yan Wu Begmai, the second emperor of the Jin Kingdom) and demoted to a commoner, and the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, Tokyo (also known as Fenjing), was attacked and fallen.
Emperor Huizong of Song was imprisoned by the Jin Dynasty for nine years and tortured and humiliated for nine years. On the thirteenth year of the Jin Dynasty (5th year of Song Shaoxing, 1135 AD), on the day of Jiazi, Emperor Huizong of Song died of mental torture at the age of 54. Emperor Zhao Heng of song was even more bitter, and when his father Emperor Huizong of Song saw the tension in the northern song court, he was in charge of himself, and finally only served as emperor for more than a year, and was taken captive by the Jin people, tortured and imprisoned for life for thirty years, and died in Yanjing in the twenty-sixth year of Shaoxing of the Southern Song Dynasty (1156), at the age of 57.
In addition, a large number of more than 3,000 people, including the Zhao royal family, harem concubines, princesses and princesses, and princes and ministers, were captured. In addition, more than 10,000 people, including royal maidens, women, palace women, official women, folk women, religious musicians, and skilled craftsmen, were transported to the Jin Kingdom, and most of the women were used as prostitutes and slaves. The Jin army also carried a large number of national maps, treasures and magic objects, and the public and private savings in the city of Tokyo were empty, and eventually some of the people of the Song Dynasty, no less than 100,000 men and women were sent to the Jin kingdom.
In the "Shame of Jingkang", the number of people taken captive by the Jin State in the Song Dynasty was as large as the number of a large army. Not only the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty was humiliated, but also the royal family relatives and the poor people also suffered, most of them were slaves in the Jin Kingdom, whether it was the emperor's concubines or the royal princesses, it was difficult to get rid of the humiliation.
After arriving at the territory of the Jin people, the Jin Dynasty demanded that the captured royals and courtiers perform the "sheep-leading ceremony" to be surrendered, of which Empress Zhu was humiliated and ashamed to commit suicide after performing the sheep-leading ceremony, and later some people wondered what this "ceremony" was, was it really so powerful?
As a kind of surrender ceremony of the Jin Dynasty, the main purpose of the sheep leading ceremony is to highlight its own honor. In order to exhaust the captives' self-esteem, during the sheep-leading ceremony, the soldiers would directly pull the captives' clothes clean, and then ask the captives to be naked on their upper bodies, and then wear only a piece of sheepskin on their lower bodies, and at the same time tie a rope around the captives' necks, and be led like sheep.
This was an indescribable insult to the Song captives of the time, when many chose to commit suicide because they could not bear the humiliation.
Empress Zhu's name was Zhu Lian, and she was the empress dowager of Emperor Qinzong of Song. Empress Zhu was talented and was also loved by Zhao Huan at that time. After the Jing Kang Rebellion, Empress Zhu and the emperor and others were escorted to the Jin Dynasty, and because of their thin clothes, they were often frozen on the road and could not sleep.
Not only that, because Empress Zhu was very beautiful, and at the same time had to endure the flirtation of Jin Bing, Empress Zhu could be described as extremely painful at that time. Later, after entering the Golden Kingdom, Empress Zhu was forcibly stripped naked for the sheep ceremony, and Empress Zhu was actually on the verge of collapse in the process of walking around the Temple of Yan A bone.
Later, he heard jinren say that he and the empress dowager were going to enter the golden palace to "give baths", which made Empress Zhu completely collapse and choose to commit suicide by throwing water that night.
Furious hair rushes to the crown, and rests in the rain.
Look up at the eyes, look up at the sky and scream, and be fierce.
Thirty meritorious deeds of dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and moons.
Mo waited for idle, white teenager's head, empty and sad.
Jing Kang shame, Still Snow.
When the courtiers hate, when to extinguish.
Drive a long car and step through the Helan Mountain.
Zhuangzhi was hungry for meat and laughed about thirsting for The blood of the Huns.
Wait to start from scratch, clean up the old mountains and rivers, and go to the sky.
This song "Man Jiang Hong" is from the hand of the patriotic hero Yue Fei, and the whole word is passionate, generous and magnificent, and it makes people's blood boil when read. Oh, yes! Jing Kang's shame has not been repaid, when will the hatred in our hearts be broken!
The Southern Song Dynasty and the Mongols' north-south attack brought the already corrupt Jin Dynasty to the moment of its final demise. In the early spring of 1234, the Southern Song General Meng Jue and the Mongol general Tacha'er successfully met and attacked Caizhou, the last fortress of the Jin Kingdom, and the Emperor of the Jin Dynasty, Yan Shouxu, was killed. In the process of destroying the Jin Dynasty, the Southern Song army did show more courage, and the Mongol cavalry was not good at siege warfare. At this time, Mongolia and the Southern Song Dynasty were still superficial brothers, and the two sides reached a tacit understanding after dealing with yan Shouxu's remains.
In 1161 AD, Emperor Yan Liang of the Jin Dynasty tore up the "Shaoxing Peace Agreement" and personally led a large army to invade the Song Dynasty.
The Jin army divided the eastern, central and western roads south to attack the three regions of Huainan, Jingxiang and Sichuan-Shaanxi in the Southern Song Dynasty. The central and western roads were only used for leading purposes, and three-quarters of the Jin army's troops were concentrated on the east road.
Yan Liang personally led a large army to attack Huainan at The Eastern Road, intending to cross the Yangtze River and take Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou), and at the same time sent Shangshu Su Baoheng to lead the water army to Lin'an from the sea. In this way, it can form a pincer-shaped attack on Lin'an.
Su Baoheng led the Jin army's 70,000 sailors and more than 600 warships to march to the vicinity of Tangdao (located in the sea near present-day Qingdao). However, the former Southern Song General Wei Sheng organized a civilian "loyal rebel army" in Haizhou (present-day Lianyungang), raised troops against Jin, and captured Haizhou, disrupting Su Baoheng's plan to go south. In order to relieve Su Baoheng's worries, Yan Liang sent an army of 100,000 to besiege Haizhou.
Li Bao, a general of the Southern Song Dynasty's water army, took the opportunity to lead the water division north and joined Wei Sheng at Haizhou. Li Bao not only repelled the siege of the Jin army at Haizhou, but also joined forces with the "loyal rebel army" to defeat the Jin army's marine division near TangDao, using rockets, thunderbolts and other weapons.
The Jin army's plan to attack Lin'an by sea came to an end, and the Jin army's naval division was no longer able to dye the Eastern Zhejiang Sea of the Song Dynasty.
On the land battlefield of the Eastern Road, after Yan Liang crossed the Huai River, Wang Quan, the southern Song general in charge of the defense of Huaixi, fled from hezhou (present-day Hexian County, Anhui). Liu Kui, a general who was guarding the mouth of the QingHe River (present-day western Huaiyin, Jiangsu), was in Huaidong and led his army to retreat south of the Yangtze River and moved to Zhenjiang.
Yan Liang soon led his army to approach the Yangtze River, and he ordered his men to build warships on the riverside, and the soldiers could not rest day and night. He prepared to cross the river to capture Quarry Rock (located on the east bank of the Yangtze River in the west of Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province) and capture the bridgehead for the Jin army to cross the river.
In order to prevent the Jin army from crossing the river, the Southern Song court recalled the king's power, let Li Xianzhong, the commander of Chizhou (a temporarily dispatched general who commanded the various armies), lead his army on his behalf, and sent Yu Yunwen, a Zhongshu Sheren (正四品, in charge of the clerical work of the emperor and the six ministries), to the quarry to treat the army.
The war continued into the evening, with more than half of the Jin army's casualties but not yet retreating. A fleeing Song soldier arrived at the quarry from Gwangju (present-day Huangchuan, Henan), and Yu Yunwen commanded the drummers to beat the war drums. After the Jin army heard the drums, it suspected that reinforcements from the Song army had arrived, and immediately fled in fright.
The next day, Yan Liang ordered the Jin army to forcibly cross the river again, and after engaging the Song army's marine division, it was defeated. After Yan Liang was not willing to fail, he was ordered to cross the river in three days after moving to Yangzhou, otherwise he would be executed.
Yan Liang was originally a king who sat on the throne, and he spent a lot of manpower and money in the Jin State in order to fight the Song Dynasty, and many people in the Jin State plotted to overthrow his rule. After the Battle of the Quarry, there was a coup d'état in Liaoyang, the Jin state, and Wanyan Yong (Jin Shizong) ascended the throne as emperor, and issued an edict deposing Wanyanliang as a Shuren.
At that time, Guan Yanliang, who was on the front line, not only encountered domestic rebellion, but also faced the problem of unstable hearts of the frontline generals. After Yan Yongji succeeded to the throne, he immediately purged Li Yuanfei and other foreign forces, but he himself fainted and appointed the wrong people, coupled with the decline and chaos of the Jin Dynasty's national strength, and was unable to resist in the face of the Mongol invasion. In 1206, genghis Khan of the Mongols unified the north and south of the desert and established the Great Mongol State.
At that time, the Mongols maintained a serious hostility to the Jin Dynasty and intended to break away from the control of the Jin Dynasty, and Genghis Khan also knew that Yan Yongji was an incompetent man, and thought that this was a good time to attack the Jin Dynasty. Genghis Khan first attacked Western Xia to break up the Jinxia alliance and avoid being held back by it while cutting gold. At that time, the Western Xia asked the Jin Dynasty for help, and the Jin Emperor Yan Yongji sat idly by and did not save the attack on his neighbors, and finally the Western Xia surrendered to the Mongols and turned to the Mongol Fajin. After eliminating his worries, Genghis Khan severed diplomatic relations with the Jin Dynasty in 1210. The following year, the Mengjin War was launched, and at Yehuling (located at the junction of Zhangbei County and Wanquan County in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province), the 400,000 Jin army led by Yan Chengyu and the general Du JiSizhong was destroyed, and the Jin Emperor completed Yan Yongji and replaced the minister with a disciple who was good at strategy.
The Mongol army then invaded northern China and plundered everywhere, and finally besieged the Capital of the Jin Dynasty, Zhongdu (present-day Beijing).
Withdrawn because of the fortification of the central capital. In 1212, Genghis Khan again invaded the Jin Dynasty in the south, and once besieged Datong Province in Jinxijing. In the same year, the Khitan Yelü Liuge rebelled against Jin and Mongolia in the northeast, and defeated the Jin soldiers at Diji'er (near present-day Changtu, Liaoning), and the Mongol army once again approached Zhongdu. In 1213, the general Hu Shahu (纥石烈持中) killed the Jin Emperor Yan Yongji, and established Jin Zhangzong's brother-in-law GuanYan Xun to succeed him as Emperor Xuanzong of Jin.
At the beginning of The succession of Emperor Xuanzong of Jin in 1213, Hu Shahu (纥石烈持中) held the power of the Jin Dynasty. Hu Shahu (纥石烈治中) threatened the general Gao Qi (高琦), a defender of the capital, and was eventually killed by him. In the autumn of the same year, Genghis Khan's army attacked Jin in three ways, he sent the crown prince Shu Chi through Shanxi, the emperor's brother Hesar to Hebei, he and his young son Tuolei to Shandong to develop, the Jin Dynasty only Zhongdu, Zhending, Daming and other eleven cities have not been lost. The following year, Jin Xuanzong asked for peace, and the princess of Qiguo and Genghis Khan and Mengjin reached a peace agreement. After Emperor Aizong of Jin ascended the throne, he encouraged agricultural production and made peace with the Southern Song Dynasty and Western Xia. Establishing a loyal and filial army directly under the central government, appointing famous anti-Mongol generals such as the Yan Chen monk (完燕彝), in 1228 Dachangyuan (present-day Taichang Township, Ning County, Gansu Province) defeated the Mongol army. Later, the Jin army recovered a lot of land, so that the Jin Dynasty came back to life. However, its ally Western Xia declined due to previous wars, and was finally destroyed by the Mongols returning from the Western Expedition in 1227. Genghis Khan died in the same year, and in 1229 he was officially succeeded by his third son Wokoutai as Emperor Taizong of Yuan.
After that, the Mongols again attacked the Jin Dynasty again, and in 1230 Wokoutai Khan launched a three-way cutting of gold, Wokoutai Khan led a large army to cross the Yellow River to attack Fenjing, Chen Nayan led the Eastern Route Army to Jinan, and his fourth brother Tuolei led the Western Route Army from Hanzhong to borrow the Song Road along the Han River to attack Fenjing. In 1232, Tuolei successfully detoured to Fenjing, and the Jin'ai sect completed Yan Heda (完燕瞻) and Moved Pu'a to lead a large army to block Dengzhou. At this time, Wokoutai Khan led a large army to cross the river and sent Subutai to attack Beijing. However, Guanyan Heda (完燕瞻) rushed to lead his army north to aid Fenjing, and engaged the Mongolian army led by Tuolei in an encounter at Sanfeng Mountain (三峰山, in present-day Yuzhou, Henan), and the elite Jin army was defeated, and the famous generals Zhang Hui, Guanyan Heda (完燕瞻), Wanyan Chen Monk (完燕彝) and Qianla Pu'a were killed and captured. The Mongol army besieged Beijing, forcing Emperor Jin to seek peace. Jin then killed the Mongol emissaries, and the Mongols once again besieged Fenjing. Emperor Aizong of Jin insisted on abandoning Fenjing until the end of the year and moving the capital to Defu (德府, in present-day Shangqiu, Henan), where the defender cui Li surrendered to Mongolia. The Mongol general Shi Tianze pursued him all the way, Jin Aizong fled to Caizhou, and the Mongol army of the Song generals Meng Jue and Jiang Hai jointly besieged.
In order to show their military achievements, the Mongol cavalry obtained one arm of Yan Shouxu, and most of his remains were sent to Lin'an to hold sacrifices at the Taimiao Temple, paying homage to Emperor Huizong of Song and Emperor Qinzong of Song, which was a wash of the shame of Jing Kang. However, this was also the last highlight of the Southern Song Dynasty, and since then the Southern Song Dynasty has been under the threat of Mongol cavalry and eventually perished.
Emperor Aizong of Jin insisted on abandoning Fenjing until the end of the year and moving the capital to Defu (德府, in present-day Shangqiu, Henan), where the defender cui Li surrendered to Mongolia. The Mongol general Shi Tianze pursued him all the way, Jin Aizong fled to Caizhou, and the Mongol army of the Song generals Meng Jue and Jiang Hai jointly besieged. In the first month of 1234, Cai Prefecture was in danger, and Emperor Aizong of Jin did not want to be the king of the fallen country, and passed the throne to the commander-in-chief Yan Chenglin, who was the emperor of the late Jin Dynasty. At this time, the city of Caizhou fell, Jin Aizong committed suicide, the last emperor died in the rebellion, and the Jin Dynasty fell. The Jin Dynasty also thought of using the Southern Song Dynasty as a springboard, and these excessive acts eventually led to the collapse of their own country, which can also be regarded as self-inflicted.