In the eighth year of Daye (612), the Sui Emperor launched a million-strong expedition to Gaogu (gōu) Li, which was the greatest stroke of the Sui Emperor, which was a shocking gamble on the imperial order, and the Sui Emperor gambled on the future of the empire.
The history of Goguryeo is much older than that of the Sui Dynasty, and in 37 BC, The Buyeo People Jumong established the Goguryeo regime, which was in the Western Han Dynasty. Goguryeo also had its own glorious period, the largest time was east of the Sea of Japan, south of the Han River basin, west across the Liaoshui River, north to the Songhua River. In other words, today's Liaoning, Jilin and North Korea.
The Goguryeo regime did not have any special hobbies, and its greatest hobby was to flirt with the Central Plains Dynasty.
When the Han Dynasty was strong, pretending to be a well-behaved boy, Wang Mang immediately came out after usurping the Han Dynasty, and when Liu Xiu established the Eastern Han Dynasty, he began to attach himself to the Eastern Han Dynasty, and during the Three Kingdoms period, he extended his fangs to Boss Cao, and the city that was beaten by Boss Cao was no longer wanted.
All in all, the Goguryeo regime lived up to its name gōu.
When the Sui Dynasty was first established, Goguryeo began to be dishonest and frequently attacked western Liaoning, which Emperor Wen of Sui could not bear, and what is the unification of the world, even a piece of land can not be less.
Emperor Wen of Sui sent an army of 300,000 to attack Goguryeo, and in the face of the menacing Sui army, Goguryeo directly sent envoys to apologize for their sins and seek peace, and Emperor Wen of Sui decided to strike after considering the physical condition of the soldiers.
After Yang Guang succeeded to the throne, Goguryeo began to be dishonest again, repeatedly operating on the border, and refusing to obey the edicts, which made Yang Guang, who had just ascended to the throne, very angry.
Emperor Taizong said: "In the land of Liaodong ben China, the Sui clan went out of the four divisions and could not get it; The Eastern Crusade wants to avenge the sons of China, and the shameful ear of the father of Goryeo Xuejun" Zizhi Tongjian
The Sui Emperor was very angry, and the consequences were very serious.
More than a million people, claimed to be two million, or millions of people transported supplies, the Sui Emperor marched into the Liaodong Peninsula, but after the war began, it greatly exceeded the expectations of the Sui Emperor.
Whoever has one hundred and thirteen thousand three thousand eight hundred, and two million, multiplies his carriers. Zizhi Tongjian
Before the war began, the Sui Emperor issued an important military order: any combat order should be reported to me before making a decision. The battlefield was changing rapidly, and this order of the Sui Emperor simply pit the army.
Goguryeo held on to the cities, and the Sui Emperor, who wanted a quick battle, could not attack for a long time.
The Sui Emperor ordered Lai Hu'er to lead tens of thousands of water troops to take the sea route, and Lai Hu'er selected 40,000 elite soldiers, but none of them touched the city of Pyongyang, and they were ambushed by the enemy outside the city, and the Sui army was defeated, and only a few thousand people escaped back.
The land attacked Liaodong from Zhuo County, and it was tossed around for several months, not to mention that Liaodong City was not fought down, and the soldiers did not climb up. The army suffered numerous casualties and lost all its supplies, but supplies were sent to Goguryeo.
The first expedition to Goguryeo was defeated.
After returning home, the Sui Emperor felt that his face was lost, and the second attack began. Just when the two armies were unable to hold each other, the Backyard of the Sui Emperor caught fire. Libu Shangshu Yang Xuan felt that the army rebelled, and the Sui Emperor, who had received the news, returned to his aid, and the second expedition was declared a failure.
The third expedition was also accompanied by a peasant uprising in the country, coupled with goguryeo's overtures and hastily concluded.
In these three campaigns against Goguryeo, millions of troops and laborers were recruited, a large number of soldiers and peasants died on the battlefield, the cultivated land was seriously abandoned, the social economy was seriously damaged, and a large-scale uprising broke out, and the dominance of the Sui Emperor was challenged.
This was the largest war waged by the Sui Emperor during the period, it was a big gamble on the imperial order, and it was obvious that the Sui Emperor lost this bet, and the bet was on the throne of the emperor and the ordinary people of the whole country.