It is said that Liu Zhi, the Emperor huan of Han, was the eleventh emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, his grandfather Liu Kai was the Prince of Hejian Filial Piety, and his father Liu Yi was Liu Kai's son-in-law, who was given the title of Marquis of Liwu, and his rank was not high, which was far from the imperial power. However, Emperor Han offended Liang Ji, the brother of Empress Dowager Liang, who controlled the government, and was poisoned by Liang Ji. After Liang Ji killed the king, he had to appoint Liu Zhi as emperor, and in this way, the 15-year-old Liu Zhi entered Beijing from Hejian and ascended the throne.
Stills of the Han Huan Emperor
According to the general historical law of development, Liu Zhishao did not care, but also suddenly transferred from the local to the central government, the surrounding environment suddenly changed, coupled with the fact that there was no foundation and contacts in the DPRK, so it seems that he could only honestly let Liang Ji be at the mercy of Liang Ji and be Liang Ji's puppet. In fact, Liang Ji thought so, so he made Liu Zhi emperor, and the Tangtang Han Emperor was all toyed with by Liang Ji, so how big a wave could Liu Zhiyou, who had no political experience and was not dry, turn over? However, Liang Ji probably didn't even dream that Liu Zhi was a genius emperor.
After Liu Zhi ascended the throne, TaoGuang cultivated obscurity, secretly accumulated strength, and then dealt Liang Ji a fatal blow, uprooting Liang Ji's forces and pulling them to the end. Ironically, liang ji originally controlled most of the capital garrison, but because Liu Zhi shot like electricity, Liang Ji's forces had no time to react, and they all tied their hands and captured them. After Liu Zhi confiscated Liang Ji's general Yin Shou, he distributed it to Bijing County, which was in the remote south, far from Luoyang, and Liang Ji, in desperation, committed suicide to thank the world.
Subsequently, the imperial court arrested Liang Ji's son Yin Liangyin of Henan, his uncle Liang Rang of the Tun Riding School, as well as his close associates Liang Shu (梁淑), The Lieutenant Liang Zhong of the Yue Riding School, and Liang Ji (梁戟) of the Changshui School, as well as the Liang family and the Sun family's internal and external clan relatives, all arrested and sent them to prison, and were sentenced to death, young and old, and violently died on the streets. Dozens of other officials who were implicated and died were killed, and more than three hundred of Liang Ji's original officials and guests were removed from their official positions, so that the imperial court was empty.
On the same day, the emissaries ran back and forth outside the palace, the three princes and nine secretaries and other court ministers lost their normality, the official palace, the street market, the alleys were like boiling water in the ding, a boiling, the people of the capital looked at each other, did not know what happened, and when the news of Liang Ji's suicide came out, the people seemed to have just woken up from their dreams, and they were all happy, singing and dancing.
This is not all, Liu Zhi ordered that Liang Ji's property be confiscated and sold by the government, and after the sale, the income totaled more than three billion yuan! According to the "Chronicle of Food Goods", the price of one stone of rice at that time was 50 yuan, one stone is equivalent to 60 pounds now, through conversion, one dollar is about equal to 2 yuan now, then, three billion dollars is about equal to about 6 billion yuan now, you can buy sixty million stones of rice! My obedient, Liang Ji's case is second only to the Qing Dynasty's He yan case, and the he Yan case is converted into silver is 100 million and two, and 66 million stone rice can be purchased! It really responds to a sentence: the back wave of the Yangtze River pushes the front wave, and the generation is stronger than the next!
It is also a corruption case, but the two emperors handled the stolen money differently. Liu Zhi put all the money into the state treasury and reduced half of the taxes of that year; the stolen money obtained by the Jiaqing Emperor and Yan was equivalent to the state's tax revenue for 20 years, but did not reduce the tax for the people by one penny. Subsequently, Liu Zhi dispersed Liang Ji's gardens to the commoners for cultivation, and announced that the post of general would no longer be set up, and another secretary and supervisor would be set up to strengthen imperial power.
During Liu Zhi's reign, the domestic economy of the Eastern Han Dynasty continued to develop, and militarily, he won consecutive battles in foreign wars, with a population of more than 56 million, more than any era in the Western Han Dynasty, and basically the same as the Sheng Tang Dynasty, reaching the upper limit of the ancient land capacity. In December of the first year of the reign of Emperor Huan of han (167 AD), Liu Zhi died at the age of 36, and was given the nickname "Huan", the same as the Duke huan of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Five, which means "to cut the land and serve the distance, to respect the people". It can be said that in the eyes of the Eastern Han courtiers at that time, Liu Zhi was their Duke Huan of Qi.
However, such a good emperor who could compete with the Duke of Qi Huan, the evaluation of him by posterity was very low, for example: Zhuge Liang in the "Table of Renunciation" juxtaposed the Han Huan Emperor and the famous faint emperor Han Ling Emperor:
"Pro-Xianchen, far lesser, this first Han so Xinglong also; pro-villain, far-reaching Xianchen, after that Han so fell into decadence also." When the former emperor was there, whenever he discussed this matter with his subjects, he did not hesitate to sigh and hate Huan and Lingye. ”
Why? It turned out that Emperor Huan of Han had to conspire with the eunuchs in order to kill Liang Ji and his henchmen, and from then on, the power belonged to the eunuchs. After the removal of Liang Ji, Emperor Huan of Han gave five eunuchs, Shan Chao, Zuo Qi, Xu Huang, Gu Yan, and Tang Heng, five eunuchs on the same day, each with 10,000 households, of which Shan Chao added 10,000 households on this basis, known in history as the "Five Marquises". At that time, the total population of the empire was more than 56 million, and the number of households should be around 11 million, and Emperor Huan's rewards on that day were too luxurious. In addition, Shan Chao served as a general on the horse, and was appointed as the third duke, which was also the most generous reward for eunuchs in history.
Emperor Huan of Han rewarded eunuchs in this way, and the officials of the DPRK were uncomfortable, and they and the students formed a party of scholars to jointly oppose the eunuchs' reign, and Emperor Huan of Han created the infamous "scourge of the party" and ordered the arrest of more than 200 people. The disaster of the party happened twice, and everyone believed that this move hurt the fundamentals of the Han Dynasty and was also the reason for the decline and demise of the Han Dynasty, so the Han Huan Emperor was tied together by his descendants and the Han Ling Emperor and labeled faint.
To be fair, emperor Wuhou of Han Huan also had five or six good years of good life, and when The Five Hou were blessed and affected the rule of the empire, Emperor Huan of Han huan was not soft-hearted: first he forced Zuo Qi and Gu Yan to die; later, he demoted all the raiders of Shan Chao, Xu Huang, and Tang Heng to townships, and his sons and sons were all exempted from knighthood, which is called "one removal from the inner concubine" in history.
Although later a new generation of eunuchs such as Hou Lan and Duan Jue came up, Emperor Huan never gave them the opportunity to sit on the throne: Hou Lan and Duan Jue's disciples oppressed the people, and Ji Beixiang, with the support of Emperor Huan of Han, brandished his sword on the spot and let dozens of people die violently on the street, and this Jibei Xiang was also promoted to Jing Zhaoyin; the eunuch Zhang Rang's younger brother Zhang Shuo was the county commander of Yewang County (present-day Qinyang City, Henan Province), and good things were not done, bad things were done: murderous and perverted, dismembered pregnant women, and Li Yi, a lieutenant of the Si Li Colonel, ordered Zhang Shuo to be arrested and brought to justice. He was chased from Yewang County to Luoyang, brought him out of Zhang Rang's home, interrogated him in a round, and executed immediately. Zhang Rang complained to Emperor Huan of Han, and Emperor Huan asked Li Yi why he had executed Zhang Shuo without asking for instructions. Li Bing's righteousness was awe-inspiring: "Confucius once served as the Grand Secretary of the State of Lu, and killed Shao Zhengdi in seven days, and now that I have been in office for ten days, I am afraid of negligence caused by the delay in handling things, but I did not expect to be convicted of the crime of handling cases too quickly." The subject did know his guilt, and the time of death was coming. Hereby request that I be spared five days, that the great evil be destroyed within a time limit, and that I come back to be tortured by cooking. After hearing this, Emperor Huan did not say anything more, but turned back to Zhang Rang and said, "This is your brother's crime, what is the fault of Lieutenant Colonel Si Li (referring to Li Bing)?" Zhang Rang cried and mourned, speechless, and Li Bing came out.
Portrait of Lee
Under the power of Li Bing, all the eunuchs were frightened and did not dare to breathe, did not dare to speak loudly, and even on the day of vacation, they huddled in the palace and did not dare to go out of the palace door, Emperor Huan was very surprised: "Why don't you go out to play?" The eunuch knelt down and prostrated his head: "I am afraid of Lieutenant Li, so I dare not go out!" "The reason why Li Bing was able to have such a great prestige was, of course, inseparable from Emperor Huan's acquiescence and support, so when Emperor Huan was in power, eunuchs were not enough to mess with the government. And the first disaster caused by Emperor Huan of Han was not executed, and all of them were released and returned home after only ten months of imprisonment. Note: Emperor Huan of Han did not kill the party members, but the party members killed more than 200 members of the whole family of Zhang Meiren, the favorite concubine of the Emperor of Han Huan, in order to vent their anger.
The eunuch who really made the eunuch sit big, so big that it was uncontrollably, was Liu Hong, the successor of Emperor Huan of Han, and it was Liu Hong, the Emperor of Han Ling, who killed countless party members and hurt the foundation of the empire. The second party disaster of the Han Ling Emperor Liu Hong killed 600 to 700 people, and a large number of soldiers fled, becoming a huge political disaster. Emperor Huan of Han enfeoffed the Five Eunuchs in one day, and Emperor Ling of Han took it to a higher level, appointing ten eunuchs at once: Zhang Rang, Zhao Zhong, Feng Chen, Hou Lan, Jian Shuo, Cao Jie, Chen Kuang, Xia Yun, Guo Sheng, Duan Jue, and other ten eunuchs collectively known as the "Ten Constant Attendants". People who have read the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" know that because of the ten constant chaos in the government, the rivers and rivers of the Eastern Han Empire are declining, the world is changing, and thieves are rampant. The Ten Constant Attendants promoted the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty and opened the prelude to the turmoil of the Three Kingdoms.
In the first episode of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Feasting on Taoyuan Haojie's Three Knots of Righteousness, Beheading the Yellow Turban Hero's First Meritorious Service", it is said that in April of the sixth year of Zhongping (189 AD), The Hanling Emperor was seriously ill, and he planned to make Liu Xie, the crown prince born to Wang Meiren, the crown prince, the prince of the Ten Constant Attendants, suggested to the Hanling Emperor: "If you want to establish Liu Xie, you must first kill the great general He Jin, only in this way, Liu Xie will be safe in the future!" ”
Therefore, Emperor Hanling passed on He Jin to enter the palace, but He Jin's sister was Empress He, and Empress He had a crown prince Liu Zhen, and He Jin knew that Emperor HanLing was going to kill himself, so he refused to enter the palace, and also summoned the ministers to his home to discuss how to deal with the Ten Constant Attendants. After the death of Emperor Hanling, Yuan Shao, a lieutenant of He Jin's order, led five thousand imperial forest troops into the imperial palace, and in front of the coffin of Emperor Hanling, he established his nephew Liu Jie to inherit the throne.
Liu Fei became emperor, and Empress Dong, the mother of Emperor Hanling, was very unhappy, and Zhang Rang, one of the "Ten Constant Attendants", suggested that Empress Dong bow to the curtain and let her make Liu Xie the Prince of Chenliu and her brother Dong Pet the General of Hussars, and Zhang Rang himself took control of the government.
He Jin and Empress He refused to give up on this, vowing to kill the Ten Constant Attendants, but the power of the Ten Constant Attendants was already deeply rooted, and He Jin alone could not shake it, at this time, Yuan Shao gave He Jin a bad idea: "Summoning Shi Dong Zhuo, the assassin who led the troops in Xiliang, into Beijing to kill the eunuchs!" ”
Dong Zhuo entered Beijing, the destructive power was huge, the country fell apart, and the chaotic world of the Three Kingdoms contending for dominance suddenly came!