Study until yonghe
From Wang Xi Shen Shu Runge on its calligraphy art
Wen\ Anjian
Veteran media personality
He is a columnist of essays on literature and history, and a member of the China South Society Research Association
(Pictured: Photo of Wang Xishen.) )
Liangxi, there are mountains called the Western God, Huishan is also called; some people call the Western God, Wang Yunzhang's other name is also. In the early years of the Republic of China, Wang Xishen was very famous in the literary world. In the early years, he tended to be in the Nanshe Society, which stimulated the text, and founded the "Novel Monthly", as the first editor-in-chief, serving for ten years, and then Shen Yanbing and Ye Shengtao took over.
Wang Xishen was a generalist, proficient in poetry, especially good at four or six piao, was a lexicographer, and was also a calligrapher, and his calligraphy skills were very deep. Zhang Daqian's teacher Zeng Nong's hair called Wang Xishen's calligraphy "Guilin a branch, Kunshan piece of jade". Wang Xishen not only wrote well, but also wrote a variety of works such as "A Branch of Merlin", "Ink Figurines Yu Shen", "Stele LinQi Characters", etc., but unfortunately it has not been passed down to this day, and it has been obliterated.
Wang Xishen was very conceited about his calligraphy, and he once said to himself: "After becoming a Buddha, kenju linger, study books until before Yonghe." "The tone is very big, and his calligraphy is indeed excellent, and he is well-known in the republic of China's book world." However, the years have sold gold and the sand has buried jade, and now some calligraphy researchers have forgotten about it. On the bookshelf of the inspection, Wang Jiakui's "Records of Modern Books and Forest Products", which contains 120 people. Zhao Runtian's "Calligraphy demeanor of the Republic of China" contains 211 people, and Guan Jiping's "Temperament on Paper: Calligraphy of the Literati of the Republic of China" includes 90 people, none of whom have seen Wang Xishen. Of course, there are also those who have not forgotten, and Chen Zufan, the father of Chen Zhenhao, vice chairman of the China Book Association today, has written a book entitled "Modern Book Garden Caiying", which includes a section on Wang Xishen. Li Haimin, a senior scholar of Nanshe Studies, "Nanshe Book Circle Point General Record", is naturally indispensable to Wang Xishen, who has more ink. Li Haimin divided the Nanshe calligraphers into three classes, namely calligraphers, calligraphers, and good calligraphers, a total of 75 people. There are 6 calligraphers, yu youran, Li Shutong, Shen Yinmo, Huang Binhong, Xiao Hui'an, and Xie Wuliang. There are 15 calligraphers, Wang Yunzhang ranks second, after Ma Sulun and before Deng Erya, the evaluation is very high.
The author is also a fan and admirer of Wang Xi's divine calligraphy, and usually pays attention to and observes his Hanmo. This article intends to talk about the art of calligraphy and its social function from the perspective of Wang Xishen's Book Runge and his Runge poems.
Runge, also known as Runxian and Runbi, refers to the remuneration paid by the recipient to the author. Runge's provenance can be traced back to the Sui Shu Zheng Translation Biography: "Shangling Neishi ordered Li Delin to make an edict, and Gao Xi's joke was translated as: Pen Gan." 'Translation answer: Out of the Fang Yue, the staff policy returns, not a penny, how to polish the pen. Tang and Song Officials wrote official documents, such as Fengrun pen objects. Later, it generally refers to the remuneration paid to those who write poetry and painting as polishing pens. According to legend, the first Runge poem was the tang Dynasty Yin Wengui's "Yi Li Nanping" seven-sentence sentence: "The purple hall west head of the moon wants to tilt, and the grass is lined with Huai On Xiang ma." Runbi has already played thanks, and more Fei Zhang asked Zhang Hua. This poem is contained in the 707 volumes of Quan Tang Poems. The most famous Runge poem in ancient times is Zheng Banqiao's "Painting bamboo is more than buying bamboo, and the paper is six feet high and costs three thousand." RenQu said that the old theory was handed over, only when the autumn wind passed in the ear". Although the Runge poems written by Wang Xishen are far less famous than Zheng Banqiao, they are the most written books from ancient times to the present, and Wang Xishen has written more than ten poems about Runge, which no one can match in ancient times.
Judging only from the information I have consulted, in the 20s and 30s of the last century, Wang Xishen published nine books in Shanghai newspapers and periodicals (incomplete statistics), mainly published in the "Declaration", which contained seven words and thirteen sentences, as well as a chapter of Qinyuan Spring Words and Four or Six Pieces. In these poems, there is not only Wang Xishen's perception of the art of calligraphy, but also a sense of social responsibility for running a school with a character, which shows his temperament.
(Pictured: The "Declaration" masthead.) )
The first example
Wang Xishen's first example: published in the 1922 "Declaration" (date unknown), the text is as follows: "Clearly marked price: in the summer vacation, the number of people who ask for books, the revision of the run is as follows: fan seal, li, line book one yuan per page, gong kai two yuan, lian each pair of binary, Yu and the text are detailed run single, the letter is sent." Receiving place: Inside the green iron gate of No. 179 at the bottom of lane 3 in Cunrenli, Baoshan Road, Shanghai, Wang Yunzhangqi. ”
In 1922, Wang Xishen resigned from the Novel Monthly, and for more than a decade, he successively taught at Hujiang University, Southern University, Jinan University, and founded the Shanghai Zhengfeng Literature College, where he personally served as its dean. In this runge, it is said that "there are many people who ask for books in the summer vacation", summer vacation is the longest vacation of the teacher's year, there are more spare time, coupled with Wang Xishen's reputation in the Shanghai literary circle, as well as the deep knowledge of calligraphy, so there are many people who ask for books, so he changed the original run. It is explained that there has been a runge before, but whether it has been published in the newspaper or not, it is impossible to find out. All that can be seen now is the first runge of Wang Xishen.
I consulted the famous artist Of the same period of the same period, mainly to see the name, of course, the art of calligraphy is also in line, Zhang Taiyan's runge is the highest, he wrote a four-foot couplet for twenty yuan a pair, the late Qing Dynasty Yuanyuan Zhang Jian's four-foot couplet twelve yuan a pair, Kang Youwei's four-foot couplet ten yuan a pair, than Wang Xishen's "two yuan per pair", five to ten times higher. Of course, these are some of the best names. In fact, Wang Xishen's runge is not too low, and the couplet of Nanshe Qi Su Gao Blowing Wan is only three yuan. Li Haimin's "Nanshe Bookworm Point General Record" is listed as one of the six masters of Nanshe calligraphy, and the couplet of Xiao Hui'an, a famous calligrapher in Jiangnan, is also a binary pair like Wang Xishen. It can be seen that Wang Xishen's status in the book world at that time was not low.
The second example is run
Wang Xishen's second example: published in 1923 in the 5th issue of the "Shenzhou Jiguang Collection", preceded by a word, which is: "Non-human grinding ink, ink grinding people, Mo laughing and interpreting foolishness." Laughing at the young man's sword, the rear car was mistakenly hit, and the half-raw lead was covered with scorn. The lotus curtain is red withered, the lotus clothes are refined, and the moth's eyebrows are not intrusive. At the hedding place, try to look at the mirror, the sideburns have become silk. The floating sea is unprovoked, but the sense of swinging qi and intestines is not supported. Counting the east and the west, the dust is like a dream, five hexagons, who knows? Autumn heart on the river, lamentations in the world, accompanied by my sorrows, there are only poetry and paintings, no worries, aid banqiao precedents, selling clichés. "Qinyuan Spring". ”
An example is attached after the word: "Example: Shou Order Prose Twenty-Five Yuan, Piao Wen Fifty Yuan, Poetry Inscription Biyuan per Piece ..., Book Example: Shou Ping Each Three Yuan, Kaishu Seal Book Four Yuan, Yang Lian Four Feet Two Yuan, above each foot plus one yuan." The banner is four feet and four dollars, and the above is added to one dollar per foot. The hall width is four feet and four yuan, and the above is added to each foot plus one yuan. The list book is binary per word (seal book). Fan-sided binary (seal line grass). Doubled the number of small letters. Album binary. Inscriptions and other pieces are discussed separately. Add polishing ink cost 10%. ”
Compared with the previous year, the couplet price is the same as that of the previous year, and there is no change. The fan surface is added from one to two. At that time, Wang Xishen had receded from the state of waving Fang Shuo from the literary circles in the early days of the Republic of China, and he resigned from the editor-in-chief of "Novel Monthly" and "Women's Magazine" successively, teaching Mandarin in schools and writing calligraphy idly. At that time, Wang Xishen was already forty years old, and he felt the passage of time, so he sighed in the words, "Half-born lead, covered with the same scorn." The lotus curtain is red withered, the lotus clothes are refined, and the moth's eyebrows are not intrusive. At the hedding place, try to look at the mirror, the sideburns have become silk. When he resigned as editor-in-chief of Novel Monthly a few years ago, he had a similar exclamation. At that time, he resigned as the editor-in-chief, both unwilling and helpless, so he asked Huang Binhong to paint "Ten Years of Dream Map", and all the friends inscribed it, most of them were Nanshe fans. And he wrote his own "Ten Years of DreamIng and Illustrating", which is a canon of the four lis and six, which says: "Selling infatuation is not exhausted, pity Xihua's single cold; Often the riders come and go, and the gods are entrusted to the ruler; the evil promises correspond, and the microwaves are in the heart. Silverfish eat and seek the gods, chickens chirp and think about the wind and rain. So Inz said, comforting him. The body that remains outside the body is even more a dream in the dream. Then Stuye, its windy reeds, obsolete and in the forest, the face of the wrinkled water, the river to self-mirror the person! Speaking of dream naming, why not? After withdrawing from the noisy literary world, Wang Xishen, in addition to teaching Chinese in school, actually had more time to grind ink and write in the study, so he said to himself, "Non-human grinding ink, ink grinding people, Mo laughing and interpreting."
(Pictured: The "Novel Monthly" edited by Wang Xishen)
The third example is run
Wang Xishen's third example was published in the Declaration on June 9, 1924 (see figure below): "Jia Zi Nian re-revised [Wen] Shou Order 50 yuan per article, epitaph 100 yuan, poetry biyuan, dot scenery double straight; [character] fan lian each three yuan, xingcao seal Li Gong Kai with the dot, Yu detailed runge, letter is sent." Communications Office: Shanghai "News" Pavilion and Qiujiang Road Chengdri Lane one lane two, first run and then ink, with the seal plus one, not as promised. Introducers: Wu Changshuo, Jiang Kanghu, Zhou Mengpo, Tianxu Isheng, Yan Duhe, Zhu Guwei, Wang Yiting, Li Hongran, Yang Hanxi, Tiantai Shannong, Zhou Shuangjuan Tongqi. ”
In the past, the practice of runge was to have self-order runge and also to order runge on behalf of runge. And some famous artists and predecessors signed the name of Runge, which can increase their self-worth. For example, Qi Baishi's early calligraphy and painting seal engraving example was signed by Fan Fanshan and Wu Changshuo, the leaders of the literary and art circles at that time. The famous Suzhou painter Lu Lianfu's early runge was ordered by the great collector Pang Xuzhai of Nanxun. In this example of Wang Xishen, there are many co-signatories, including famous calligraphers and painters Wu Changshuo, Wang Yiting, and Tiantai Shannong, literary celebrities Tianxu Isheng, Yan Duhe, Zhu Guwei, Zhou Shuangjuan, and Yang Hanxi, a celebrity in the Tongyi business community, which shows that Wang Xishen's circle of friends is extraordinary. Sure enough, the famous artists signed it, and their value rose immediately. This year's shou shou prologue article, Runge doubled compared with last year, and the fan face Lian Runge also increased by 50%.
(Pictured: "Declaration" Wang Xi Shenrun example.) ）
The fourth example is run
Wang Xishen's Fourth Run: Published in the "Declaration" on August 29, 1925, this run example is a run example of Wang Xishen's cooperation with the famous Jiangnan painter Xie Gongzhan in calligraphy and painting, preceded by a passage of four or six poems: "The lotus wind sends summer, the banana rain welcomes the cool, and the boat of small calligraphy and painting is bound by the deed of Tess." For the sake of Karma Hanmo, please take a january period, sprinkle smoke clouds, and talk about the prosperity of the three autumns. The back runge is "Fan face Western God Book Binary, Public Exhibition Painting Three Yuan." The screen is eight yuan per book and twelve yuan for painting. Double the dot view. Yu Detail Runge. ”
Calligrapher and painter cooperation is a practice in the art world, especially like the fan, are one side of calligraphy and one side of painting, except for those like Wu Changshuo who are good at calligraphy and painting, can be one person to take care of, generally are calligraphers and painters cooperate. Xie Gongzhan, who cooperated with Wang Xishen, was a Famous Painter of Modern Times, who was especially good at painting chrysanthemums, and was sometimes known as "Xie Jiaju". Xie Gongzhan was quite famous in the Jiangnan area at that time, in addition to painting well, and he also taught in the fine arts academies around Shanghai and Nanjing, he had taught at the Nanjing Academy of Fine Arts, the Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts, the Xinhua Art College, and the Chinese Painting Department of Jinan University. Of course, in the art market, the same size, the same grade, painting is usually more expensive than calligraphy, because the appreciation of painting is more elegant than calligraphy, and it is easier to be accepted by the public, so the folk have the saying that "good words are not as good as bad paintings".
The fifth example
Wang Xishen's fifth example: published in the "Declaration" on March 5, 1928, the text says: "The servant book has been at sea for more than ten years, and the words and gods have been in love with each other, and I don't know who he is. A small poem, talking about the autobiography of Wu Liuzhi. "Seven absolute five songs are attached:
Short ink grinders do not talk to themselves, and autumn hearts are rolled up in the snow.
The family style is ashamed of the red goose change, and runge pro-topic learning banqiao.
The famous field is used to running and busy for a few days, and the floating sea has returned to the sideburns.
But for Zhou's wife He meat tired, Jiang Guan Xiaoser could not be crazy.
The palm book is in the curtain to repeat the conscription, and the game is close to the chess piece.
After turning over the ten eyebrows of the new sample, Pengmen is an old student.
Hu Niu Hu Ma Ren Ren Shi, Cui Di Long Feng is a dream.
Cha Xi Yu Yang family law is there, and the title of the disabled guest is exchanged for a poem.
Daya Rotary, how about boarding the car without falling?
The reward is unforgettable and vulgar, and the cursive cursive is hastily cursive.
The poem is followed by an example: "[Book Example] Screen Lian 34 feet 4 yuan, 5 feet 6 yuan, 6 feet 8 yuan, 7 feet 12 yuan, 8 feet 16 yuan; hall width 3 feet 6 yuan, 4 feet 8 yuan, 5 feet 12 yuan; fan four yuan, small Kai eight yuan, double line Xiao Kai twenty yuan; album page four yuan; Shou screen each eight yuan." [Examples] 200 yuan of epigraphic transmission; 100 yuan of Shou Shu Biao body, 60 yuan of prose; 4 yuan of poetry and absolute sentences, 10 yuan of vinaya, 8 yuan of words and small orders, 16 yuan of middle tone, 200 yuan of long tone; 8 yuan of joint sentences, and 1 yuan of book piece ink. Receiving place: Shanghai major note fan zhuang, Yu detail runge. ”
Wang Xishen said in the poem that after returning from the literary circles of the past, although he regarded fame and fortune as a floating cloud, he was tired of the worldly life of "Zhou's wife and meat", so he could only sell Wen Yu characters and look like a sour scholar. Fortunately, his literary titles are becoming more and more popular, he has Wang Xizhi's writing style, Wang Yuyang's writing, manipulating Han and making ink, and the remuneration is not thin, from runge's point of view, the price of the shou order and the joint fan he wrote is much higher than in previous years. Here I particularly mention the last sentence of the fifth sentence, "Cursive Laborer Cursive Writing", which comes from the verse "Proud and Good, Laborer Grass" in the "Book of Poetry, Xiao ya", and the predecessor interpreted "Grass" as "慅", false borrowing, the meaning of sorrow. And Wang Xishen here is another reference, refers to his calligraphy, Wang Xishen's calligraphy is good at all aspects, the seal is in the line of Kai, all are exquisite, the single cursive is slightly indebted, so usually do not often write, if someone points to the four screens of the seal, he will generally write a slightly sloppy stroke of the line to replace the cursive, and he often in this kind of informal cursive works on the side of the "cursive cursive" seal. Wang Xishen was quite fond of the Six Dynasties, saying, "After the Shangcheng Jin Dynasty, the lower Tang Dynasty, the circle of the seal, the Fang of the Subordinate, the Tang Dynasty known as the Tang Ou Yu Chu Xue, the Song Of Su Huang Mi Cai, and the Yuan Song Xue, the Ming Xiang Guang, the Six Dynasties have all led their way." "I think that among Wang Xishen's various writing styles, his calligraphy and seal writing are the best, and he once wrote a cloud: the carved insects chased after Qin Xiang, and the dust and clear talk were like Jin people. He considered himself a seal master to inherit Li Si, and a calligrapher to inherit the Sui and Tang dynasties of the Six Dynasties. As for his self-proclaimed "study of books until before Yonghe", it is his conceited language, there is no need to take it seriously, his seal can be said to be before Yonghe, and the book is beneficial to the Wei Monument, and the petal incense rate is even more important, all after Yonghe.
(Pictured: Wang Xishen calligraphy four screens.) ）
The sixth example is run
Wang Xishen's Sixth Run Case: Published in the "Declaration" in February 1930, the title of this run case is "Wang Xishen's Recruitment and Construction of School Building Cooperation to Reduce RunShu Poetry and Painting Notice", the content is:
"In order to raise the school building of the Zhengfeng Liberal Arts University (this semester, in accordance with the departmental and branch university system, renamed the Zhengfeng Literature College), Xishen reduced the number of books. Although it is a small skill, it is not too much to be ashamed of the carving insects and the elegance? Scabies luo has been cursed, and the pen and ink are tired. Recently, Mr. Zhao Ban lame in Xiangyang (Gonghuahua flowers, poultry and fish, patriarchal green vines and snows, each with an inscription poem), Mr. Wu Ziding of Hui She (specializing in painting detailed figures, defei Xiaolou Fa Milk), And Ms. Qian Tang Wang Fuyuan (Luo Nian from the granddaughter of his brother He Shi, ShanShui to the poetry of the right vein) enthusiastically educated and joined the cooperation. When the spring light is beautiful, when a few clean windows are clear, Zhang Zhusubi can be used as a sleeping tour; feeding relatives and friends, especially Zheng Fengya. The cost is not much, but the blessing is great. Sincerely, the inscription version, with a tribute brief chapter: Wang Xi Shenshu four or five feet to lianlian jade plate notes pay two yuan and five corners, such as using various gold notes to pay three yuan octagons per day, screen strips with four feet of paper four yuan per hall four twelve yuan, five feet sixteen yuan, six feet twenty-four yuan, the middle hall four feet with paper each five yuan, five feet eight yuan, the outer port sending fee. The stamp is 10% off and is limited to 1:40. The font is in the right line, divided into eight kinds of dots, printed with samples, a corner of the letter is attached to the mail, and the yellow light and picturesque, Zhao Half-limp painting are each linked into one piece, picked up in a week, and more are added. Examples of cooperative poetry calligraphy and painting couplets, screen strips, and fans: Zhao Ban's lame paintings in the middle hall of three or four feet and six yuan (lianlian eight yuan five corners), five feet eight yuan (lian lian ten yuan five corners), four feet four screen strips (four consecutive words) reading four yuan, five feet four strips (four consecutive words) thirty-two yuan, fan one book and one painting each page six yuan, all inscribed poems, the fan surface comes with its own. Wu Ziding's paintings in the middle of the hall four feet to read two yuan (lianlian nian four yuan five corners), two feet vertical axis nine yuan (lian lian eleven yuan five corners), three feet vertical axis fourteen yuan (lian lian sixteen yuan five corners) fan surface four yuan per page, lianshu seven yuan five corners, two weeks to hand over. Ms. Wang Fuyuan painted three yuan per page and ligatures for six yuan per page. The above cooperation pieces must be the same as the painting and calligraphy, and the single painter should not be killed. The various poems of the Western Gods are reduced to 20% within three months, and the expiration is as usual, as detailed. Collection office: Shanghai Jiuhuatang Record and major note fan zhuang, all add ink fee of 10%. General receiving office: (1) Shanghai News Office; (2) Qiuping Office, No. 1662 Yannianfang opposite Jing'an Temple, Shanghai; (3) Zhengfeng Literature College, No. 345, Jing'an Temple Road, Shanghai.
Attached a small poem, with a smile:
(1) Not to be a merchant or an official, and the silverfish are accompanied by a remnant of the livelihood; the family style only loves the red goose exchange, winning the poet a blind cold.
(2) It is difficult to hope for Yan Tian Feng with a false name, and Wen has not become a family and has not worked; he coldly embraces the winter heart and listens to the glory and fall, and sees him marry the east wind.
(3) Chickens chirp in the wind and rain and close the door, and the thick tears are stained with light ink marks; stealing the Words of Ding gonghao, and the gold is exchanged all over the souls of the beauties.
(4) The Yanchi pond is dotted with flying flowers, and when I fall asleep, I see the sun's shadow obliquely; only the white clouds are lazy like me, and the spring wind cannot blow out of the mountain home.
Attached: Mr. Qi Rice Niu's book is two yuan per paper; Mr. Tao Shoubo engraves five corners per word. Receiving location: Shanghai Jing'an Temple Road 345, Zhengfeng Literature College. ”
There are many texts and rich contents, mainly to raise funds for the construction of the Zhengfeng Literature Academy, and Wang Xishen invited a group of friends from the field of calligraphy and painting to participate in this activity. After Wang Xishen retired from the front line of the literary world, he was once very enthusiastic about teaching, he served as a professor at a number of universities, and in 1926, he initiated the establishment of Zhengfeng Middle School with his colleague Hu Pu'an of the Southern Society, and later added a university department and renamed the Zhengfeng Literature College, with Traditional Chinese Studies as the focus of teaching, and Wang Xishen served as the dean. By 1938, Wang Xishen resigned as dean, and he devoted more than ten years of efforts to the Zhengfeng Academy of Literature. According to Jiang Weiyun, a student of zhengfeng literature college at that time, "Zhengfeng Literature College was the highest institution specializing in Chinese literature in Shanghai Beach, and its trustee was Wu Zhihui, an elder of the National Government. Dean Wang usually befriended scholars, so the professors he hired, such as Hu Pu'an, Hu Jichen Brothers, Zhu Xiangwan, Yao Minghui, Qian Jibo, Lü Simian, Pan Lanshi, Chen Zuren, Chen Yantong, Sun Gongda (grandson of Sun Yaorang, who taught Zhuangzi) and others. Zhang Binglin and Chen Shiyi also came to study. ”
Jiang Weiyun's claim that the Zhengfeng Academy of Literature was the highest literary institution in Shanghai at that time was not a lie, as can be seen by looking at the strong faculty of the college. Among these teachers, some of them are Wang Xishen's friends in the Southern Society, such as Hu Pu'an, Hu Jichen, Pan Lanshi, etc., and some are relatives of the villagers, such as wuzhihui, the school director, although he is a Wujin person, he has lived in Wuxi since childhood, speaks Wuxi dialect, claims to be a Wuxi person, and is quite friendly with Wang Xishen. Qian Jibo was Wang Xishen's brother-in-law, and many of Qian Jibo's early articles were published in the journals edited by Wang Xishen. With the increase of teachers and students, the school building has gradually become tight, and the early school building of zhengfeng College of Literature was rented, which is not a long-term solution.
Therefore, Wang Xishen was ready to find new plots of land and build new school buildings, but it needed a lot of funds, but Wang Xishen could not raise so much money for a while. They tried to use their brains to raise funds from all sides, and selling paintings was also one of the ways to raise funds. Wang Xishen invited the painter's friends Zhao Ban lame, Wu Ziding, Wang Fuyuan, as well as Nanshe shujia Qi Rice Niu, Wuxi painter Tao Shoubo and others to reduce the charity sale and raise funds to build a school. He attached four poems to the end of the example, including "do not be a businessman, do not be an official, silverfish livelihood with cong remnants", "false fame is difficult to hope Yan Tian Feng, Wen has not become a family book has not worked", "chickens singing wind and rain closed the door, thick tears stained into light ink marks" and other sentences, revealing the helplessness of hard work in running schools and lack of funds, not businessmen are not officials, people are difficult everywhere in the rivers and lakes. Fortunately, there is the kung fu of the red goose to change words, and the help of friends, let them talk to masturbate. After more than two years of fundraising, a new school building of Zhengfeng Literature College was finally built in Zhabei, Shanghai.
(Pictured: Zhengfeng Literature College", "Commemorative Journal")
The seventh example
The Seventh Case of Wang Xishen: Published in the "Declaration" on April 26, 1931, the title is "Wang Xi Shen Shu Shu Wen Lian Run Case", and the first run case is two songs and seven absolutes:
The east wind supports the red wall of the willow, and the washing stone cooking tea is getting longer and longer.
Tang Yan is busy and lazy, and only uses pen and ink to send spring light.
Qin Quan Zhou Ding was able to follow, and the Jin Ti Tang Monument was also my teacher.
An art is not believed, and graffiti dares to forget the rules of tin.
After the poem is an example: "Three-four-five-six-foot couplet jade plate note is sent, each pair of four yuan, the font is really grass seal bell Ding oracle bone brick with dots, iron wire seal doubled." The poems of the Shou Preface are all in accordance with the 20% discount of the Gengwu Nian Run,000% and the Yu Xiang Run. Communication reception: Shanghai Jiaozhou Road No. 1 Xishen Yu, Shanghai News Office, Shanghai Nanjing Road Daqing Liwei Qianli Apartment, Shanghai Major Notes Fan Zhuang. Plus 10% ink fee. Runzi is full of zhengfeng college buildings for the purpose of building. ”
Since 1930, when the new school building of zhengfeng college of literature was prepared, Wang Xishen's run case was mostly to raise funds to build the school. At the same time, his poems and run examples also reflect Wang Xishen's calligraphy achievements, such as the verses "Qin Quan Zhou Ding Can Follow, Jin Ti Tang Stele is also my teacher", as well as the words and phrases in the Run Case, such as "The font is really grass li seal Zhong Ding oracle bone brick text with dots, iron wire seal doubled" and other words, it can be seen that Wang Xi Shen is in the art of calligraphy is chaotic, all bodies are good, quite see his traditional skills are very deep. Chen Zufan wrote a chapter on Wang Xishen in his book "Modern Shuyuan Caiying" (see picture below), saying that his calligraphy is "transforming the Northern Monument, the God to Yonghe", which is very well summarized. Chen Zufan also said: "Wang Yunzhang's calligraphy is thick and stable, and the patriarchal Ouyang inquires. The glyphs are more flattened and the turns are very powerful. The author speculates that he is only based on the main melody of the rate. Taste its penmanship, it seems to involve the Sui Dynasty's "Seven Emperors Temple Statue", Northern Qi's "Guo Tie Statue", Northern Wei's "Yuanjun Epitaph" and "Residual Xuan Epitaph", not limited to The European body. The author also agrees with this statement, Wang Xishen's calligraphy can be described as a transfer of many masters, in addition to the master Chengjin Tang yi vein, but also participate in the Fa Golden Stone Tablets, such as oracle bones, Zhong Ding, Jian Mu, stele, tile and so on, all involved in hunting. Among the various types of books, he was proficient in many mental methods in the seal book, such as the big seal, the small seal, the miao seal, and the iron wire seal. Calligraphy creation and research, there are two schools of epigraphy and theology, epigraphy benefited from the rise of Qingqianjia jinshi, and recently Bao Shichen and Kang Youwei have spared no effort in advocating steleology. Wang Xishen also studied this deeply, and wrote monographs on epigraphy such as "Stele Lynch Characters". Wang Xishen also set up a special calligraphy class at the Zhengfeng Literature Academy, where he personally taught the lectures and compiled his own lecture notes to teach him his lifelong experience in calligraphy.
(Pictured: Chen Zufan's writings.) ）
The eighth example
Wang Xishen's eighth example: published in the "Declaration" on July 17, 1932, with the title of "Wang Xishen Wu Ziding Cooperation in Reducing Wet Calligraphy and Painting": "The fan surface is eight yuan per page. The book, the true line of the seal is attached to the dot one, four yuan per page. The single line is eight yuan, and the four-body is ten yuan. Painting, the character lady with a point, but the point should not be. Only 78 months is limited to 200 pages, and the amount is full. General Receiving Office: Shanghai News Service. The rest of the various calligraphy and paintings are all uncompromising. The major notes fan zhuang collection, adding ink fee of 10%. Xishen Yu Shanghai Jiaozhou Road No. 1, Ziding Yu Suzhou Lu Qiu Fang Lane No. 11. ”
Wang Xishen and Wu Ziding's calligraphy and painting cooperation was run, and two years ago they cooperated to prepare for the establishment of the Zhengfeng Literature Academy. Wu Ziding, known as Ruifen, a native of Xiuning, Anhui, gongshanshui and figure, entered the governorship of Jiangsu in the late Qing Dynasty and was directly subordinate to the governor of Jiangsu, Chen Kuilong. Wang Xishen and Wu Ziding were both members of the "Autumn Ying Society" founded by Zhao Ban limp, zhao ban crippled, formerly known as Zhao Run, had a foot disease, so he called himself half a lame. A painter in the early republic of China, he was known for his flowers and grass insects. Founded in 1928, qiu ying hui is an elegant gathering activity in the maritime literary and art circles, and many big celebrities such as Zeng Nonghai, Pan Lanshi, Wang Xishen, Zhu Guwei, Wang Yiting, Wu Zhiqiu, Zhang Daqian, Zhang Shanxiao and so on often participate in the gathering. At the beginning of its establishment, an exhibition of calligraphy and paintings was held, with a large number of participants and an unprecedented grand event. Wang Xishen and Wu Ziding both exhibited calligraphy and paintings, so the two often had artistic exchanges and exchanges. What is the purpose of the two people's calligraphy and painting works? It is not stated in the run example. However, according to the author's speculation, it should also be for the purpose of raising funds to build the school, starting from 1930 to the completion of the new school building in the autumn of 1933, which was published in July 1932, which was the key moment in the construction of the school building.
The ninth example
Wang Xishen's ninth example: published in the "Declaration" on December 10, 1935. There are seven first ones:
When the Guangsha became a room, the autumn heart was depressed and cloud flat.
Only a tube of raw flower pens will win the whole family's quinoa soup.
Servants broke up their homes because of the construction of school buildings, because they broke down their homes, they had to sell literary characters for a living, they used words to make Zen escapes, pieces of paper were only words, and the servants regarded them as grains and plates of Chinese food, empty words, forgiveness. The guest asked whether the servant had changed or not and whether there was a clean run, and the mouth answered:
Boiling characters to cure hunger pen has a spirit, and three years of runge have not stopped.
No increase, no decrease, no end, no end, no more than one heart.
Shou wen is 100 yuan per article, Shou Screen is 8 yuan per piece, and it takes three days to pick up. The couplets of three or four feet are four yuan each, five feet six yuan, and six feet eight yuan. The screen strips are 4 feet 16 yuan per hall, 5 feet 24 yuan, 6 feet 32 yuan, and Yu Detail Runge. The letter is sent for two minutes. Communication reception: (1) Shanghai News Archive, (2) Qiuping Cloud Room, No. 17 Xiudri, Baike Road, Shanghai, (3) No. 30630, Zhengfeng College of Literature, Zhabei Jiaotong Road, Shanghai.
When this example was published, the new school building of the Zhengfeng Literature College had been built, but it had also exhausted all of Wang Xishen's family property, so there was a sigh that "the Guangsha Chengshi Room had fallen", and because of the establishment of the school, the family was broken, and had to sell wen and mane characters year after year to make up for the family, so Yun "boiled characters to cure hunger and pens had a spirit, and three years of Runge did not stop." In the early 1980s, the author asked Mr. Zheng Yimei to publish a column in Wuxi Daily, one of which was an article about Wang Xishen, which mentioned the hardships of Wang Xishen's establishment of the school, and wen said: "In order to establish the preparatory fund for the Zhengfeng Literature College, he reduced the run and sold the union, and had no time during the day, writing more than twenty pieces of the league every night, and his energy was exhausted. "Zheng Yimei and Wang Xishen are literary friends, and they are both from nanshe, and they used to gather and chat in Shanghai Park, and they knew a lot. Zheng Yimei's article, the author still keeps the original manuscript.
Wang Xishen is the author's ancestor of the villagers, has always admired his literary name and calligraphy, so he also pays attention to his Hanmo, and was fortunate to buy a pair of Wang Xishen's calligraphy couplets in the Boguzhai Gallery in Shanghai more than thirty years ago, the font is a large seal, the writing is round and simple, and the joint language is: "Recruiting talents for the country, such as working for wood; because of the talent of the instrument, Yusha gets gold." "At that time, the price was not expensive, and it was only about a month's salary bonus for me. Although the Si people have passed away, the ink fragrance still exists. The author often hangs this link on the white wall of the study on the spring and autumn days, appreciating it with his heart and pleasing his eyes.
(Pictured: The author's collection of Wang Xishen calligraphy couplets.) ）
In summary, calligraphy and painting Runge is an important media factor in artistic creation and circulation, and behind Runge there is the "invisible hand" of the market manipulating, which reflects the society and the market's evaluation of the artistic achievements of calligraphers and painters, and is also a barometer of the prosperity of the art market. The writing of Runge also expresses the artist's interest and heart, such as Zheng Banqiao and Wang Xishen's Runge poems. In the above nine rules of Wang Xishen, about half of them are written for the purpose of raising funds to run schools, which also reflects an artist's sense of social responsibility. This also gives calligraphy a social function in addition to the market function, which is the conscience of an artist. It has implications for today's increasingly utilitarian art world.
Reference:
1, Author of "Modern And Contemporary Jinshi Calligraphers and Painters Run". (Published by Shanghai Pictorial Publishing House in July 2004.) Author:Wang Zhongxiu,Mao Ziliang,Chen Hui)
2, the article "From the Run Case to see the improvement of the economic awareness of calligraphers and painters in the Republic of China". (See Jiangsu Social Sciences, No. 6, 2013.) Author:Tao Xiaojun)
3, The article "From Running a Journal to Running a School: From the Declaration of < > to see the transmutation of Wang Yunzhang's life in the report", (see New Literary Review, No. 3, 2016). Author:Fu Hongxing)
illustrate:
This article is a paper written by the author to commemorate the 110th anniversary of the founding of the Nanshe Academic Symposium, and an exchange speech was made at the meeting. The paper has been included in the "Collection of Academic Papers commemorating the 110th Anniversary of the Founding of Nanshe" published by Unity Publishing House in October 2019.