Changping, the "bloody" war (6) Armageddon, Zhao Kuo died and martyred

Outside the battlefield, the State of Qin paid close attention to the diplomatic movements of the State of Zhao and the attitudes of the States of Qi and Chu, and if qi and Chu saved Zhao and fought together, the State of Qin would retreat; if they were scattered, the State of Qin would take the opportunity to defeat the State of Zhao. [1] Because the State of Zhao pursued a strategy similar to that of the State of Chu, instantaneously and vertically, and sometimes horizontally, when the State of Qin threatened national security, the State of Zhao joined forces to resist Qin, and when the pressure eased, the State of Zhao encroached on the territory of neighboring countries, especially the State of Qi, so at this juncture of the Great Decisive Battle, the Shandong states were unwilling and afraid to lend a helping hand.

[1] "Warring States Strategy, Qi Er, Qi Attack zhao changping": Qin attacked Zhao Changping, qi and Chu saved it. Qin Ji said: "Qi and Chu save Zhao, and if they are close, they will retreat; if they are not close, they will attack them." ”

When the news of the cut-off of the grain route of the main force of the Zhao army reached Xianyang, the nervous King Zhaoxiang of Qin was overjoyed, and at this time, the Shandong states were indifferent to the dangerous situation of the Zhao army. Therefore, King Zhaoxiang of Qin immediately rushed to Hanoi County personally, crowned the local people with the title of first class, and recruited all the young and middle-aged people over the age of fifteen in Hanoi County to form a large army to go to the Chang Binh Theater. The Hanoi army set out from the Wild King and marched north into Taihang, passing through Yang Gu Ban[2] and Tianmen[3]. After that, the terrain was all river valleys and rivers, and the Hanoi army went straight northeast to the south of the Zhao Army's Dan River defense line, that is, the village of Hedi in Beiyi Town, Zezhou County, and then followed the Dongda River-Pushui Valley Road northeast to the Ma Saddle At the eastern end of the Great Wall of the Zhao Army, circled to the north of the Zhao Army of the Great Wall, folded northwest to meet the "Strange Soldiers", and completed the encirclement of the Zhao Army on DaliangShan. At this point, the Hanoi army and the "strange soldiers", cavalry, and the Qin Western Barrier completed the encirclement of all the Zhao troops, the reinforcements and grain and grass in the direction of Handan in the Direction of the Zhao State were intercepted, and the rear road of the Zhao Army was completely cut off. [4]

[2] The sheep intestine is an extremely rugged and dangerous hole in the middle of the Taihang Dynasty, such as the sheep intestine hundred times. After the Eastern Han Dynasty built a bowl city on this hole road, Guo Ziyi in the Tang Dynasty rebuilt it, and the bluestone barrier was built, with two gates in the east and west, the north cliff, the south deep valley, and the stone mountain road passed through the city, because the city was strangely small and round bowl-shaped. Bowl City is located in Dakou Village, Jinmiaopu Town, Zezhou County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, on Mengliang Mountain in the Taihang Mountains, near Changping Village in Changping Township, Qinyang, Henan, ninety miles south of Jincheng.

[3] Tianmen is located at the top of Taihang Mountain, forty-five miles south of Jincheng, and the situation is precarious. In the third year of the Western Han Dynasty (22 BC), the Tingting Pass was established here, named after the unfathomable spring water of the three eyes of the courtyard honey, the outer tip road, and the cool water in the south of the guannan. The Tang Dynasty called it Taihang Pass, and in the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty Jing Kang (1126), it was renamed Xiongding Pass, and at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was named Pingyang Pass. About sixteen miles south of Tingting Pass (caodipu village of Jinmiaopu Town, Zezhou County), Taihang is divided into two lines: the eastern line is the Changping Line, and about sixteen miles south along the eastern line, there is Dakou Pass, also known as Hengwang Pass; the western line is the Yaotou Line, and about eight miles south along the Yaotou Line is the Xiaokou Village of Jinmiaopu Town, and there is a small mouth pass on Magao Mountain. Both Dakou Pass and Xiaokou Pass are located at the top of the Taihang Mountains. Between Dakou Pass and tianchiling (located in Changping Village, Changping Township, Qinyang, Henan) about six miles south of It is the Great Wall of Zhao, which stretches for about seven miles from east to west, and the city wall is about 2 meters wide and 1-3 meters high. The "History of the Zhao Shijia" :(Zhao Suhou, 333 BC) seventeen years, Wei Huang, Buke. Build the Great Wall. Huang, Weiyi, northwest of present-day Neihuang County, Anyang City, Henan Province. Zhao Suhou besieged Huangcheng, and the Great Wall built on the Taihang Mountains was this.

[4] "History of The Biography of King Qi of Baiqi": Zhao Kuozhi sent troops to attack the Qin army. The Qin army was defeated and left, and Zhang Erqi's soldiers robbed it. The Zhao army won one victory after another and pursued Qin Bi. Bi Jian refused to enter, and after Qin Qi's 25,000 soldiers killed the Zhao army, another army of 5,000 rode away from the Zhao army, and the Zhao army was divided into two, and the grain road was cut off. And Qin sent a light army to attack it. Zhao Zhan was unfavorable, and he insisted on building a wall to wait for rescue. The King of Qin heard that Zhao was absolutely esophageal, and the king from Hanoi gave the people a knighthood of each rank, and sent more than fifteen years old to learn Changping, covering Zhao's rescue and grain.

Under this situation, neither the Zhao Army, Han Wangshan nor Daliangshan, could make a difference, and could only stand by helplessly waiting for help and waiting for an opportunity to break through. By September, the main force of the Zhao army in Hanwangshan had been starving for forty-six days, and a large number of Soldiers of the Zhao Army had broken through and died or starved to death, and the phenomenon of soldiers secretly killing each other for food began to appear. Zhao Kuo realized that the situation was extremely dangerous, so he organized the main force of the Zhao army, which was extremely troubled, into four breakthrough troops, broke through in the direction of the Zhao army's Daliangshan, and took turns to attack the Qin army camp, and the impact four or five times still could not open the gap. As a result, Zhao Kuo personally commanded the elite troops to break through, but failed, and Zhao Kuo was killed by random arrows from the Qin army. Due to the death of the commander of the Zhao army, unable to fight again, 400,000 soldiers surrendered to Bai Qi. Bai Qi plotted: "In the past, the Qin army took shangdang, and the people of shangdang were not willing to be subjects of the qin state and submitted to the zhao state. The soldiers of the Zhao State were capricious, and if they did not kill them all, I was afraid that they would cause chaos. Therefore, after Bai Qi fraudulently induced the 400,000 prisoners of the Zhao army who were extremely hungry to lay down their weapons, he ordered a massacre and mass burial in the mountains and wilderness, leaving only 240 young soldiers to be released back to the Zhao kingdom. According to legend, Zhao Kuo died in the besieged village, and the local people transported his body to ErxianLing, located in the lingpo village of Hexi Town, Gaoping City, for burial, and the village at the southern foot of the Erxian Mountains was named Zhao Zhuang (South Zhao Zhuang Natural Village), and the names of the villages such as the present-day Weicheng And qi (abandoned) Jiayuan were all witnesses to the tragic battlefield at that time.

In the Battle of Changping, the Qin army killed 450,000 Zhao soldiers before and after, and the Zhao state was shocked. [5] [6] [7] King Xiaocheng of Zhao regretted that he did not heed Pingyang Jun's advice, and because of his previous promise, he did not have the mother of Zhao Kuo.

[5] "History of The Chronicle of the White Qi Wang Qi Lie": By September, Zhao Was not allowed to eat for forty-six days, and all the internal yin and yin were killed. Come and attack Qin Lei, want to come out. For four teams, four or five times, can not come out. His general Zhao Kuo (赵括) fought himself, and the Qin army shot and killed Zhao Kuo. The army was defeated, and 400,000 men surrendered to Wu Anjun. Wu Anjun calculated: "Former Qin has been pulled up to the party, and the people of the party are not happy to return to Zhao for Qin." Zhao Shu repeatedly. If you don't kill them all, you're afraid of chaos. "He was blackmailed and killed with all his might, and two hundred and forty of his children were returned to Zhao." 450,000 people were beheaded. Zhao was shocked.

[6] "History of Qin Benji": In the forty-seventh year, Qin attacked Han Shangdang, Shangdang surrendered Zhao, Qin attacked Zhao, and Zhao sent troops to attack Qin, at a distance. Qin made Wu Anjunbai attack, destroyed Zhao Yu in Changping, and killed more than 400,000 people.

[7] "History of the Zhao Shijia": Zhao Sui sent troops to take the party. General Lian Po was commander Ping. In July, Lian Po was spared and Zhao Kuo was replaced. The Qin people besieged Zhao Kuo, and Zhao Kuo surrendered with an army, and more than 400,000 people were killed. Wang regretted that he did not listen to Zhao Bao's plan, so there was a disaster of Changping.

The Battle of Changping was the longest, largest and most tragic battle of the Spring and Autumn Warring States period. In this battle, the Zhao army was completely destroyed, and the Qin army also suffered more than half of the casualties, with more than 200,000 casualties and more than 650,000 casualties on both sides. Cai Ze said that "under Changping, the blood is shed into a river, and the boiling sound is like thunder", and the Emperor Fumian of the Western Jin Dynasty lamented in the "Imperial Century Hoshino, the Number of Reclamation Of The Land of The Past Dynasties", "The siege of Jinyang, the suspension of the kettle and cooking; the battle of Changping, the blood flowing". Zhao founded the country with the Battle of Jinyang, and then the rapid decline of the Warring States of Changping, the fierceness of the two wars of Jinyang and Changping is rare in the world, is there a fixed number in the underworld?

In the Battle of Changping, the State of Qin won a complete victory. After the war, the elite of the Zhao state was completely lost, the vitality was seriously injured, and it was no longer able to fight against the Qin state alone, the situation of the unification of the six kingdoms of the Qin state was irreversible, the Warring States era of the annexation of the nations was coming to an end, and an unprecedented centralized empire was coming.

Changping, the war of "blood drifting" (5) Fan Ju broke the situation and used the game in vain