Two mothers compete for a child, both claim to be the child's biological mother, and the stalemate ensues. In an era without paternity testing and DNA testing, it was impossible to prove the truth with scientific and technological means. King Solomon, who presided over the mediation, ordered his men to come with a knife and told them to cut the child in half, and each of them would get half of it.
At this time, one mother's reaction was "I can't get the child, and she doesn't want to get it, just behead it", and another mother pleaded, "O king, please don't behead the child, I will give her the child", and King Solomon, who now knew that the child was the real mother, sentenced the child to her.
The King Solomon judgment is a typical case of information screening. In a market economy, consumers are faced with a wide variety of goods and a variety of information, and screening is a very complex task. Information screening is a trading method proposed by a party without private information in a market transaction in order to reduce the adverse effects of asymmetric information on itself and distinguish between different types of trading objects.
In the case of Solomon's judgment, King Solomon did not split the child in half, but sent a signal of "splitting the child in half" to identify who was the mother of the child. When we play, information transmission and information screening are relatively common. For example, the following story:
One day, the neighbor stole Washington's horse, and Washington knew who stole the horse, so Washington took the police to the neighbor's farm where he stole his horse and found his horse. But the neighbors refused to admit that the horse belonged to Washington. As soon as Washington moved, he covered the horse's eyes with both hands and said, "If this horse is yours, you must know which of its eyes is blind." "Right eye." The neighbor answered. Washington removed his hand from his right eye, and there was nothing wrong with the horse's right eye. "Ah, I'm mistaken, it's the left eye." Neighbor corrected. Washington removed his left hand again, and there was nothing wrong with the horse's left eye.
The neighbor still wanted to defend himself, but the policeman said: "Don't say anything, doesn't this prove that this horse is not yours?" ”
Washington used the hint that "which of its eyes is blind" to cause neighbors to conclude that "a horse has one eye that is blind." He succeeded in setting this trap for his neighbor, exposing flaws, and the neighbor's defense was self-defeating.
In the market game, if the goods in his hand may not be familiar to customers, but the quality of the goods is indeed relatively high, he will take the initiative to pass the product information to the buyer, so that the buyer can understand the information of the goods. We can see in the market that the watermelon vendor will ask you if you want to cut a triangle in the watermelon you have picked, if it is not a bright red melon, you will not want your money, this is the signal sending.
The buyer in the market game, because of the fear of not getting the real information of the goods and losses, in the face of a variety of information sources, the buyer must use their information screening ability to make decisions. For example, if you want to buy a down jacket, you have to find a way to know whether it is chicken feathers or duck down.
In order to reduce the cost of information screening, buyers often require sellers to provide reliable evidence of private information. When you buy a more expensive item, the actual value and price can not be distinguished, is hesitating whether to buy, the boss may be his purchase invoice in front of you, to indicate that such a price he only makes a little gross profit. When you really see the price on the invoice, you are determined to buy.
In general, there are mainly the following methods of identifying information:
1. Judge according to the source of information. First-hand information is relatively reliable, and if it is hearsay, the degree of reliability will be reduced.
2. Don't blindly believe in the information you have obtained. Judge according to your own rational judgment and original experience, and do not easily draw conclusions about the information obtained.
3. Multi-channel access to information. Expand access to information, and a wide range of information helps you make rational decisions.
4. Verify with an authoritative body. For example, if you can't identify the high-fidelity banknotes on the market, you should check with the bank or other departments.
Information is not in the size, lies in whether it is useful or not, countless business opportunities are hidden in small information, to be a person who pays attention to the information and analyzes the information, in order to win the game.