Source: Overseas Network
In 1959
On March 28, the State Council issued the Order on the Dissolution of the Local Government of Tibet, deciding that the Preparatory Committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region would exercise the functions and powers of the local government of Tibet. Earlier, on March 10, the upper reactionary clique in Tibet tore up the "Seventeen-Point Agreement" on the methods for the peaceful liberation of Tibet and launched an armed rebellion. On the 20th, the People's Liberation Army troops stationed in Tibet were ordered to carry out counterinsurgency operations. On the 22nd, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a directive to carry out democratic reforms in counterinsurgency. By the end of 1960, Tibet's democratic reform was basically completed, completely destroying the feudal serfdom system of integrating politics and religion, and realizing the liberation of millions of serfs and slaves.
From April 17 to 29, the first session of the third session of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Mao Zedong as honorary chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and Zhou Enlai as chairman.
From April 18 to 28, the first session of the Second National People's Congress was held. The meeting elected Liu Shaoqi as president and Zhu De as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and decided that Zhou Enlai would be the premier of the State Council.
From July 2 to August 1, the enlarged meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee was held in Lushan, Jiangxi. The original topic was to sum up the lessons learned since the "Great Leap Forward" and continue to correct the mistakes of the "Left", but later in the meeting, the criticism of Peng Dehuai and others was mistakenly launched. From August 2 to 16, the Eighth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Lushan. After the meeting, the "anti-rightist" struggle was mistakenly launched in the whole Party.
On September 17, Liu Shaoqi signed and issued the "Amnesty Decree of the President of the People's Republic of China", the first batch of amnesties for the Chiang Kai-shek clique that has changed from evil to good, and the war criminals of the puppet state of Manchukuo. By March 1975, all detained war criminals had been pardoned and granted citizenship in seven batches.
On September 26, the Central Military Commission issued the Circular on the Composition of the Central Military Commission, with Mao Zedong as Chairman of the Central Military Commission.
On the same day, China's petroleum geological exploration work achieved major results - the discovery of Daqing Oilfield, ending China's history of oil depletion. In February 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to concentrate on the Daqing area for the battle of the Petroleum Exploration and Development Conference. The Daqing petroleum workers represented by Wang Jinxi have created the Daqing spirit and iron man spirit of patriotism, entrepreneurship, truth-seeking, and dedication. On February 5, 1964, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Notice on Conveying the Report of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry on the Battle of Daqing Petroleum. The "Industrial Jubilee" campaign was launched throughout the country. Before and after this, China also developed and built the Yumen Oil Mine, Shengli Oilfield, Dagang Oilfield and so on.
On November 1, the first tractor manufacturing plant was completed and put into operation in Luoyang, Henan Province.
In 1960
January 28 China and Myanmar sign the Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Government of Myanmar on the Border Question between the two countries and the Treaty of Friendship and Non-Aggression between the People's Republic of China and the Union of Myanmar. On October 1, the two sides signed the Treaty of border between the People's Republic of China and the Union of Myanmar. This is the first case of China's successful settlement of the border issue with its neighbors, and it sets a good example for resolving similar issues in the future. Since then, China has successively signed border agreements or treaties with countries such as Nepal, Mongolia, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
On March 22, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved and forwarded the "Report of the Anshan Municipal Party Committee on the Development of Technological Innovation and Technological Revolution Movement on the Industrial Front". Mao Zedong drafted instructions on behalf of the Central Committee, calling the management system of "two references, one reform, and three combinations" implemented by Angang Steel "Angang Constitution" and calling for its promotion on the industrial front.
On November 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Letter of Urgent Instruction on the Current Policy Issues of Rural People's Communes", calling for resolutely correcting the "communist style" of rural people's communes.
In 1961
From January 14 to 18, the Ninth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the principle of "readjusting, consolidating, enriching, and improving" the national economy, and the national economy turned to the track of adjustment. Mao Zedong delivered speeches at the plenum and the central work conference held earlier, calling on the whole party to vigorously promote the trend of investigation and research. After the meeting, the central leading comrades went to the grass-roots level one after another to conduct investigations and studies. By the end of 1965, the task of national economic adjustment was fully completed.
From March 15 to 23, the Central Work Conference was held in Guangzhou. The meeting discussed and adopted the "Regulations on the Work of Rural People's Communes (Draft)" ("Sixty Articles on Agriculture") to adjust rural policies. Subsequently, the fields of industry, commerce, handicrafts, science, education, literature and art were also adjusted, and work regulations were successively formulated.
On April 9, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China forwarded the "Report of the Central Committee on the Adjustment of Rural Labor Force and the Streamlining and Decentralization of Workers" of the Central Committee's Five-Member Group for Streamlining Cadres and Arranging Labor Force. By June 1963, the country had reduced the number of employees by 18.87 million and the urban population by 26 million.
In 1962
From January 11 to February 7, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an enlarged Central Work Conference (7,000 people's congress). The meeting initially summed up the lessons and lessons of the "Great Leap Forward," carried out criticism and self-criticism, stressed the need to strengthen democratic centralism, and earnestly implemented the principle of readjusting the national economy in order to quickly reverse the difficult situation in the national economy.
On February 13, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Instruction on Changing the Basic Accounting Units of Rural People's Communes", proposing to change the basic accounting units of the people's communes from a production brigade to a production team.
On 2 March, Zhou Enlai delivered a report entitled "On the Question of Intellectuals," reaffirming that the overwhelming majority of China's intellectuals are already intellectuals of the working people, and stressing the need to give play to the role of science and scientists in socialist construction.
On March 20, an express freight train supplying Fresh and Frozen Goods from Hong Kong departed from Jiang'an Station in Hubei Province. Subsequently, Shanghai and Zhengzhou also opened express trains.
On October 20, the Chinese border guards were ordered to conduct a self-defense counterattack against the armed offensive of the Indian army. Since December 1, the Chinese border defense forces have unilaterally retreated 20 kilometers from the Line of Actual Control of the two sides on November 7, 1959, and set up a civil affairs checkpoint on the Chinese side of the Line of Actual Control.
On December 14, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on the Establishment of a Special Committee of Fifteen Members. The main task of the Commission is to strengthen the leadership of the atomic energy industry and the acceleration of the development and testing of nuclear weapons and nuclear science and technology. Zhou Enlai served as director.
In 1963
On January 4, Zhou Enlai summarized the relevant principles put forward by Mao Zedong on the Taiwan issue as "one program and four items" and conveyed them to the Taiwan side through relevant channels. The first principle is: Taiwan must be reunified with China. The four objectives are: (1) After Taiwan's return to the motherland, in addition to the need to unify diplomacy with the central authorities, all military and political powers and personnel arrangements are entrusted to Chiang Kai-shek (Jieshi), and Chen Cheng and Chiang Ching-kuo are also informed that They are reused by Chiang Yi; (2) all military, political, and construction expenses are insufficient and are allocated by the central authorities; (3) Taiwan's social reform can be eased and must be carried out with Chiang Kai-shek's consent when conditions are ripe; (4) Mutual agreements will not send spies and will not undermine each other's unity.
From February 11 to 28, the Central Work Conference was held. The meeting decided to carry out a socialist education campaign in the rural areas with the "four cleanses" (cleaning up accounts, cleaning up warehouses, cleaning up property, and cleaning up work points) as the main content, and launching the "five antis" campaign against corruption and theft, speculation, extravagance and waste, decentralism, and bureaucracy in the cities.
On March 5, people's daily published Mao Zedong's inscription "Learn from Comrade Lei Feng." The whole country has set off an upsurge of learning from Lei Feng's advanced deeds. The spirit of Lei Feng has become a symbol of the social trend of new China.
On April 6, China sent a foreign aid medical team to Algeria. This is the first medical team sent by the Chinese government to African countries.
On June 14, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Proposal on the General Line of the International Communist Movement". From 6 September to 14 July 1964, nine articles entitled "Controversy on the General Line of the International Communist Movement" ("Nine Commentaries") were published in succession. The polemic between the Chinese and Soviet parties reached a climax. From March 1966, sino-Soviet relations were basically broken.
On November 17, Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for the Exhibition of The Struggle against Floods and Rescue in Hebei, "We Must Eradicate the Haihe River." By November 1973, the five major river systems such as the Ziya River, the Daqing River, the Yongding River, the North Canal and the South Canal, as well as the backbone rivers such as the Tufa River and the Majie River, were universally treated.
On December 2, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council approved in principle the report of the Central Science Group and the Party Group of the State Science and Technology Commission on the 1963-1972 Science and Technology Development Plan, the Outline of the Science and Technology Development Plan and the Science and Technology Undertaking Plan.
From December 14 to February 29 of the following year, Zhou Enlai visited 14 countries in Asia, Africa and Europe and put forward five principles for China's relations with Arab and African countries and eight principles for foreign economic and technical assistance.
In 1964
On February 10, People's Daily published an editorial and newsletter introducing the deeds of the Dazhai Brigade in Xiyang County, Shanxi Province, which worked hard and developed production. Since then, the "Agricultural Dazhai" movement has been launched throughout the country.
From May 15 to June 17, the Central Work Conference was held. The meeting discussed the issue of "three-line" construction. In the summer of 1965, the construction of the "third line" entered the substantive implementation stage. Since the 1980s, the state has carried out comprehensive adjustment and transformation of the "third line" construction.
October 16 China's first atomic bomb was successfully detonated. The Chinese Government issued a statement solemnly declaring that China will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances.
From December 20 to January 5 of the following year, the first session of the Fourth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Mao Zedong as honorary chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and Zhou Enlai as chairman.
From December 21 to January 4 of the following year, the first session of the Third National People's Congress was held. Zhou Enlai pointed out in the "Report on the Work of the Government" that it is necessary to build our country into a socialist power with modern agriculture, modern industry, modern national defense, and modern science and technology in a short historical period. The meeting elected Liu Shaoqi as president and Zhu De as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and decided that Zhou Enlai would be the premier of the State Council.
In 1965
On March 1, the Dongjiang-Shenzhen Water Supply Project, built to solve the difficulties in the supply of fresh water in Hong Kong, officially supplied water to Hong Kong.
On April 5, the Hongqi Canal in Linxian County, Henan Province, realized the main trunk canal to water. The people of Linxian County relied on themselves and worked hard to build the "artificial Tianhe" Red Flag Canal.
On June 26, Mao Zedong proposed in a conversation with medical personnel that the focus of medical and health work should be placed on the countryside. On September 21, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved and forwarded the "Report on Placing the Focus of Health Work on Rural Areas" by the Party Committee of the Ministry of Health. By the end of the year, the national urban and rural medical and health network had basically taken shape, and a considerable part of rural areas had implemented a cooperative medical system.
September 17 China synthesizes crystalline bovine insulin for the first time in the world.
On December 31, the first 10,000-ton ocean-going cargo ship "Dongfeng" independently designed and built by China was successfully delivered.
In 1966
On February 7, Xinhua News Agency broadcast a newsletter titled "The Role Model of the Secretary of the County Party Committee - Jiao Yulu". The whole country set off a wave of learning jiao Yulu. With his own practical actions, Jiao Yulu interpreted the spirit of being close to the people and loving the people, working hard, being scientific and realistic, facing difficulties, and selfless dedication.
On March 8 and 22, strong earthquakes of magnitude 6.8 and 7.2 on the Richter scale occurred in the Xingtai area of Hebei Province. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission, and with the vigorous support of the people of the whole country and the People's Liberation Army, the people in the disaster-stricken areas have actively carried out earthquake relief work.
From May 4 to 26, the enlarged meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee was held. The meeting adopted the "May 16 Notice". In August, the Eleventh Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adopted the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. The convening of these two meetings marked the comprehensive launch of the "Cultural Revolution."
On July 1, the leading body of the Second Artillery Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army was established.
October 27 China successfully detonates its first surface-to-surface missile with a nuclear warhead.
In 1967
Around February, Tan Zhenlin, Chen Yi, Ye Jianying, Li Fuchun, Li Xiannian, Xu Xiangqian, Nie Rongzhen, and other revolutionaries of the older generation strongly criticized the erroneous practices of the "Cultural Revolution" at different meetings. The protest was later suppressed and attacked by falsely accusing it of being a "February counter-current".
On March 19, the Central Military Commission issued the "Decision on Concentrating Forces on Carrying Out the Tasks of Supporting the Left, Supporting Agriculture, Supporting Industry, Military Management, and Military Training." By August 1972, the People's Liberation Army had dispatched more than 2.8 million commanders and fighters to carry out the task of "three branches and two armies".
On June 17, China's first hydrogen bomb was successfully tested.
On September 5, the Chinese government and the governments of Tanzania and Zambia signed an agreement in Beijing on the construction of the Tanzania-Zambia railway. On July 14, 1976, the Tanzan Railway was completed and the handover ceremony was held in Zambia.
In 1968
From October 13 to 31, the 12th Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session made a completely wrong political conclusion and organizational handling of Liu Shaoqi. On November 12, 1969, Liu Shaoqi died unjustly in Kaifeng, Henan. In February 1980, the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China rehabilitated Liu Shaoqi.
On December 22, the People's Daily published Mao Zedong's instructions: "It is very necessary for intellectual youth to go to the countryside and receive re-education from the poor and lower-middle peasants. "The whole country has set off a climax of intellectual youth going to the mountains and going to the countryside. In November 1981, the movement of urban intellectual youth to go to the mountains and go to the countryside ended.
On December 29, the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge was fully completed and opened to traffic. This was the largest railway and road dual-purpose bridge designed and built by China at that time.
In 1969
In March, Soviet troops invaded Zhenbao Island on the Chinese side of the main channel of the Ussuri River, causing serious bloodshed. Chinese border guards were forced to engage in self-defense counterattack operations.
From April 1 to 24, the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. There were 1,512 delegates to the congress, and there were about 22 million party members in the country at that time. The Congress affirmed the "theory of the continuation of the revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat" and legitimized the erroneous theory and practice of the "Great Cultural Revolution". The ideological, political, and organizational guidelines of the Ninth Congress are wrong.
April 28 The First Plenary Session of the Ninth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elects Mao Zedong as chairman of the Central Committee. The first meeting of the Politburo of the Ninth Central Committee adopted the list of the Central Military Commission, with Mao Zedong as chairman.
September 23 China successfully conducts its first underground nuclear test.
On October 1, the first phase of China's first urban subway line, the Beijing Underground Railway, was officially completed and opened to traffic.
In 1970
On April 24, China's first artificial earth satellite was successfully launched.
On December 25, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the construction of the Gezhouba Water Conservancy Hub Project on the Yangtze River. In December 1988, the project was completed.
In 1971
September 13 Lin Biao and others fled for treason and were killed in a plane near Öndörkhaan in the Mongolian People's Republic. The downfall of Lin Biao's counter-revolutionary clique objectively declared the failure of the theory and practice of the "Cultural Revolution."
October 25 The Twenty-sixth Session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 2758 by an overwhelming majority, restoring all the legitimate rights of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations and immediately expelling the "representatives" of the Chiang Kai-shek clique from the United Nations and all its subordinate organs. On 15 November, the delegation of the People's Republic of China attended the United Nations General Assembly for the first time.
In October, Zhou Enlai presided over the daily work of the Central Committee with the support of Mao Zedong. Since then, Zhou Enlai has put forward the idea of criticizing the ultra-left ideology and implementing the party's various policies, and there has been a marked improvement in all aspects of work. In December 1972, adjustments were interrupted.
In December, China's first self-developed guided-missile destroyer was delivered and officially incorporated into the army's combat sequence.
In 1972
February 21-28 US President Richard Nixon visits China. Previously, a U.S. table tennis delegation was invited to visit China in April 1971; U.S. President's National Security Adviser Henry Kissinger visited China twice in July and October 1971. On the 28th, China and the United States issued a "Joint Communiqué" in Shanghai, marking the beginning of the process of normalization of relations between the two countries.
September 25-30 Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka was invited to visit China to negotiate and resolve the normalization of Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations. On the 29th, the Chinese and Japanese governments issued a "Joint Statement", announcing the establishment of diplomatic relations from now on.
On November 8, the 27th session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution removing Hong Kong and Macao from the list of colonies to which the Anti-Colonialism Declaration applies, clarifying that Hong Kong and Macao do not have colonial status.
In 1973
March 29 According to Mao Zedong's opinion, Zhou Enlai presided over a meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee and decided that Deng Xiaoping would formally participate in the work of the State Council Business Group and participate in foreign affairs activities as vice premier of the State Council. On December 22, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a notice that Deng Xiaoping would participate in the leadership of the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission.
From August 5 to 20, the State Council held the first national environmental protection conference and formulated the Several Provisions on the Protection and Improvement of the Environment (Trial Draft). This is the first comprehensive regulation on environmental protection in China.
From August 24 to 28, the 10th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. There were 1,249 delegates to the congress, and there were 28 million party members in the country at that time. The Tenth Congress continues to affirm the political and organizational line of the Ninth Congress.
August 30 The First Plenary Session of the 10th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elects Mao Zedong as chairman of the Central Committee.
This year, Yuan Longping, a member of the China Indica Hybrid Rice Scientific Research Collaboration Group, successfully cultivated indica hybrid rice with strong advantages for the first time in the world.
In 1974
January 19-20 the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) was ordered to conduct a self-defense counterattack against the armed offensive of the Saigon forces in South Vietnam, and successfully defended the territory of the Paracel Islands.
From April 6 to 16, Deng Xiaoping led the Chinese delegation to the Sixth Extraordinary Session of the United Nations General Assembly. On the 10th, at the meeting, Mao Zedong's theory on the division of the "three worlds" and China's foreign policy were comprehensively expounded.
On August 1, the Central Military Commission issued an order to name the first nuclear submarine designed and built by China itself as the "Long March 1" and officially included it in the naval battle sequence. The People's Navy has entered a new phase of possessing nuclear submarines.
In 1975
From January 13 to 17, the first session of the Fourth National People's Congress was held. The meeting reaffirmed four modernization goals; Zhu De was elected chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and Zhou Enlai was appointed premier of the State Council and Deng Xiaoping as vice premier. Previously, Deng Xiaoping was appointed vice chairman of the Central Military Commission on January 5 and elected vice chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at the Second Plenary Session of the 10th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on January 8-10.
In February, with the support of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping began to preside over the daily work of the State Council. In July, he began to preside over the daily work of the central government. During the period of presiding over the work, the work in all aspects of the country was rectified and remarkable results were achieved. In November, the reorganization was interrupted.
On November 26, China successfully launched a retrievable remote sensing artificial earth satellite and successfully recovered it as planned, becoming the third country after the United States and the Soviet Union to master satellite recovery technology.
In 1976
January 8 Zhou Enlai died.
From late March to April 5, a mass movement in Beijing, Nanjing, and other places broke out to mourn Zhou Enlai and oppose the "Gang of Four." On April 5, the mourning service of the people in Tiananmen Square in the capital was erroneously characterized as a "counter-revolutionary incident."
On April 7, Hua Guofeng was appointed First Vice Chairman of the CPC Central Committee and Premier of the State Council. Deng Xiaoping was wrongfully removed from all posts inside and outside the party.
July 6 Jude dies.
On July 28, a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale occurred in Tangshan and Fengnan areas of Hebei Province, and affected Tianjin, Beijing and other places, killing more than 242,000 people and seriously injuring more than 164,000 people. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, and the Central Military Commission, and with the vigorous support of the people of the whole country and the People's Liberation Army, the masses in the disaster-stricken areas struggled to fight the earthquake and provide disaster relief.
September 9 Mao Zedong dies. On the 18th, millions of people in the capital held a solemn memorial meeting in Tiananmen Square. Mourning activities were held in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
October 6 The Politburo of the CPC Central Committee implements the will of the Party and the people and takes drastic measures to smash the "Gang of Four" in one fell swoop. The decade-long Cultural Revolution ended.
In 1977
April 10 Deng Xiaoping sent a letter to Hua Guofeng, Ye Jianying and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In view of the erroneous view of "two whatevers," we pointed out: We must guide our whole Party, the whole army, and the people of the whole country with accurate and complete Mao Zedong Thought from generation to generation. On May 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China forwarded the letter.
July 16-21 The Third Plenary Session of the 10th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted a resolution on posthumously recognizing Hua Guofeng as chairman of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, and decided to reinstate Deng Xiaoping from the posts of vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, and vice premier of the State Council.
From August 12 to 18, the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. There were 1,510 delegates to the congress, representing more than 35 million party members across the country. The congress declared that the "Cultural Revolution" had come to an end and reiterated that China would be built into a socialist modern power in the 20th century, but it failed to fundamentally correct the mistakes of the "Cultural Revolution".
On August 19, the First Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Hua Guofeng as the chairman of the Central Committee. The plenary session approved the list of the Central Military Commission, with Hua Guofeng as chairman.
On September 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Notice on Convening a National Science Conference", requiring the implementation of the party's intellectual policy, the rapid restoration of dismantled scientific research institutions, the restoration of the technical titles of scientific research personnel, the establishment of an assessment system, and the implementation of a technical post responsibility system. Later, the Chinese Academy of Sciences promoted Chen Jingrun, who has made world-leading achievements in the study of the "Goldbach Conjecture", as a researcher.
On October 5, the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee discussed and approved in principle the Opinions of the Ministry of Education on the Enrollment of Colleges and Universities in 1977. On the 12th, the State Council approved and forwarded this opinion, and decided that from this year onwards, the enrollment of colleges and universities should adopt the methods of voluntary registration, unified examination, and merit-based admission, and restore the college entrance examination system that was abandoned during the "Cultural Revolution." From November to December, about 5.7 million people across the country took the unified examination organized by each province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government, and 273,000 people were admitted.
In 1978
From February 24 to March 8, the first session of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting adopted the "Constitution of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference" and elected Deng Xiaoping as chairman of the CPPCC National Committee.
From February 26 to March 5, the first session of the Fifth National People's Congress was held. The meeting reaffirmed the goal of achieving the four modernization goals in the 20th century; elected Ye Jianying as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee and Hua Guofeng as premier of the State Council.
March 18-31 National Science Congress was held. In his opening speech at the meeting, Deng Xiaoping stressed that science and technology are productive forces and pointed out that the mental workers who serve socialism are part of the working people. The meeting formulated the Outline of the National Science and Technology Development Plan for 1978-1985 (Draft).
On April 5, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the "Report on Requesting Instructions on Removing all rightist hats" issued by the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Public Security. On September 17, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved and forwarded the "Implementation Plan for implementing the Central Committee's Decision on Removing all the Hats of Rightists", pointing out that those who have made mistakes in the past should do a good job in correcting them. By November, the work of removing the hat of the rightists throughout the country was complete. The work of correcting the right wing of the right and wrong lines was basically completed in 1980.
On May 10, theoretical dynamics, an internal journal of the Central Party School, published an article entitled "Practice is the Only Criterion for Testing Truth." On the 11th, Guangming Daily published this article in the name of a special commentator, and Xinhua News Agency forwarded it to the whole country. Under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping and with the support of many revolutionaries of the older generation, a great discussion on the criterion of truth was rapidly launched in the whole party and society. This profound and extensive ideological emancipation movement has become the ideological precursor of clearing the source, rectifying chaos, and reforming and opening up.
October 22-29 Deng Xiaoping visits Japan. This is the first visit to Japan by a Chinese state leader after the founding of New China.
From November 10 to December 15, the Central Work Conference was held. The meeting discussed the issue of shifting the focus of the work of the whole party to socialist modernization from 1979 onwards. Chen Yun put forward suggestions on resolving problems left over from history, which were echoed by the participants. On November 25, the Politburo announced that it had rehabilitated the Tiananmen Square incident and other wrongful convictions. On December 13, Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech entitled "Emancipating the Mind, Seeking Truth from Facts, Uniting as One and Looking Forward", which actually became the theme report of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and was a declaration to open up a new road in a new era.
On November 25, the construction of the shelter forest system in the Three Norths (Northwest, North China and Northeast China) was started. On May 7, 1990, the construction project of shelter forest system in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River was fully launched.
December 16 The United States and China issued a joint communiqué on the establishment of diplomatic relations, announcing mutual recognition and establishment of diplomatic relations from January 1, 1979. On the same day, the United States announced that it would sever so-called "diplomatic relations" with the Taiwan authorities on 1 January 1979.
From December 18 to 22, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session criticized the erroneous policy of "two whatevers," fully affirmed the need to fully and accurately grasp the scientific system of Mao Zedong Thought, and spoke highly of the discussion on the issue that practice is the only criterion for testing truth; resolutely stopped using the slogan of "taking class struggle as the program" and made the historic policy decision of shifting the work center of the party and the state to economic construction and carrying out reform and opening up; decided to improve the party's democratic centralism, strengthen the party's leading organs, and establish the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Chen Yun was elected as the first secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission. The plenary session marked that the CPC had re-established the Marxist ideological, political, and organizational lines, realized a great turning point of far-reaching significance in the history of the party since the founding of New China, and opened up the great journey of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
On December 23, Shanghai Baoshan Iron and Steel General Plant held a groundbreaking ceremony. By November 1985 and April 1992, the first and second phases of the project were completed and put into operation. In May 2001, the third phase of the project passed the completion acceptance.
In 1979
On 1 January, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress issued a "Message to Taiwan Compatriots," solemnly declaring the general policy of striving for the peaceful reunification of the motherland. On the same day, Defense Minister Xu Xiangqian issued a statement to immediately stop the shelling of Kinmen and other islands that began on August 23, 1958. A new chapter has thus been opened in cross-strait relations.
From January 4 to 22, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection held its first plenary meeting. Since then, discipline inspection institutions at all levels throughout the country have been gradually restored and rebuilt.
From January 18 to April 3, the party's theoretical work retreat was held. On March 30, Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech entitled "Upholding the Four Cardinal Principles" at the meeting. He stressed that it is necessary to adhere to the socialist road ideologically and politically, adhere to the dictatorship of the proletariat (later expressed as the people's democratic dictatorship), adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party, and adhere to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought. These four cardinal principles are the fundamental prerequisites for realizing the four modernizations.
January 29-February 5 Deng Xiaoping paid a state visit to the United States. This is the first time that a Chinese national leader has visited the United States since the founding of New China.
On January 31, the CENTRAL Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council decided to establish the country's first open industrial zone in Shekou, Guangdong Province, the Shekou Industrial Zone.
From February 17 to March 16, the Chinese border defense forces launched a self-defense counterattack against Vietnam.
On March 21, Deng Xiaoping proposed the concept of "four modernizations in the Chinese style" when meeting with foreign guests. On December 6, he proposed the concept of "moderate prosperity" during a meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Masayoshi Ohira.
From April 5 to 28, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a working conference and decided to implement the policy of "adjustment, reform, rectification and improvement" for the national economy.
On 15 June, Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech at the Second Session of the Fifth NATIONAL COMMITTEE of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, clearly pointing out that the task of the united front and the CPPCC in the new period is to mobilize all positive factors, strive to turn negative factors into positive factors, unite all forces that can be united, work with one heart and one mind, pool wisdom and efforts, maintain and develop the political situation of stability and unity, and strive to build our country into a modern socialist power. On 19 October, in his speech to the representatives of the democratic parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, he pointed out that the united front has developed into the broadest alliance of all socialist workers, patriots who support socialism and patriots who support the reunification of the motherland.
On July 1, the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress passed the Resolution on Amending Several Provisions of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures.
On July 15, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council approved and forwarded two reports of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the Fujian Provincial Party Committee on the implementation of special policies and flexible measures for foreign economic activities, and decided to first set up special export zones in Shenzhen and Zhuhai. On May 16, 1980, the Cpc Central Committee and the State Council approved and forwarded the Minutes of the Meetings of Guangdong and Fujian Provinces, officially renaming the export special economic zones as special economic zones. In August, the 15th session of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress approved the establishment of special economic zones in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Xiamen by Guangdong and Fujian provinces. Under the impetus of the central policy decision, the sarists have created the spirit of the sar that dares to try new things, dares to be the first, and immerses themselves in hard work.
On September 13, the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress passed in principle the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (for Trial Implementation). On December 31, 1983, the Second National Conference on Environmental Protection clearly stated that environmental protection is a basic national policy of our country. On December 26, 1989, the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress passed the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China.
On September 29, Ye Jianying delivered a speech at the meeting to celebrate the 30 th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, preliminarily summing up the experiences and lessons learned in the past 30 years since the founding of New China, and clearly proposing to proceed from China's reality, to forge a road of modernization suited to China's conditions and characteristics, to develop socialist democracy and the legal system, and to build socialist material and spiritual civilization.
On October 30, Deng Xiaoping delivered a congratulatory speech at the Fourth Congress of Chinese Literary and Artistic Workers, pointing out that it is necessary to build a high degree of socialist spiritual civilization while building a high degree of material civilization.
In 1980
On January 16, Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech entitled "The Present Situation and Tasks" at a meeting of cadres convened by the CPC Central Committee, proposing the three major tasks of opposing hegemonism, safeguarding world peace, returning Taiwan to the motherland, realizing the reunification of the motherland, and stepping up the four major tasks of modernization.
February 23-29 The Fifth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The Plenary Session adopted the "Several Guidelines on Political Life within the Party".
From March 14 to 15, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a forum on the work of Tibet, proposing to make Tibet prosperous and prosperous in a planned and step-by-step manner.
From April 15 to 18, Deng Xiaoping, Hu Yaobang, and others first proposed the basic principles of inter-party exchanges when meeting with Bellinger, chairman of the Italian Communist Party. In 1982, the Twelfth National Congress of the Communist Party of China formally put forward the four principles of independence, autonomy, complete equality, mutual respect and non-interference in internal affairs in handling inter-party relations.
April 17 China regains representation in the International Monetary Fund.
May 15 China resumes representation at the World Bank.
On May 18, China's launch of its first launch vehicle into the predetermined waters of the Pacific Ocean was a complete success.
On August 18, Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech entitled "Reform of the Party and State Leadership System" at the enlarged meeting of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee. It is pointed out that the problems of the leadership system and the organizational system are more fundamental, overall, stable and long-term, and the various shortcomings of the current system must be reformed. The reform of the leadership system of the party and the state is not aimed at weakening the party's leadership and weakening the party's discipline, but precisely to uphold and strengthen the party's leadership and to uphold and strengthen the party's discipline.
On September 2, the State Council approved and forwarded the State Economic Commission's "Report on the Pilot Work of Expanding Enterprise Autonomy and Future Opinions", calling for the work of expanding enterprise autonomy to be comprehensively carried out among state-owned industrial enterprises from 1981 onwards.
On September 25, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued an "Open Letter to All Communist Party Members and Communist Youth League Members on the Issue of Controlling Population Growth in China", advocating that a couple should have only one child. The 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1982 established the practice of family planning as a basic national policy of China.
In November, Chen Yun pointed out during the third forum on the implementation of "Several Guidelines on Political Life within the Party" held by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection that the issue of party style in the ruling party is an issue related to the life and death of the party, and the issue of party style must be carried out with great speed and forever.
In 1981
On February 25, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and nine other units jointly issued an initiative to the people of the whole country, especially young people, to carry out the "five stresses and four beauty" civilized and polite activities with the main contents of stressing civilization, politeness, hygiene, order, morality and spiritual beauty, language beauty, behavior beauty, and environmental beauty. After the Twelfth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1982, many localities carried out the "three loves" activities of loving the motherland, socialism, and the party. It is combined with the original "five stresses and four beauty" activities into a unified activity of "five stresses, four beauty and three loves".
June 27-29 The Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Resolution on Several Historical Issues Concerning the Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China," which correctly summed up the party's major historical events, especially the "Great Cultural Revolution," in the 32 years since the founding of New China, realistically evaluated Mao Zedong's historical status, and scientifically expounded the great significance of Mao Zedong Thought as the party's guiding ideology. The adoption of the "Resolution" marks the completion of the party's task of rectifying chaos in guiding ideology. On the 29th, the plenum elected Hu Yaobang as chairman of the Central Committee and Deng Xiaoping as chairman of the Central Military Commission.
From August 27 to September 25, senior cadres of the whole army were trained, focusing on the organization and implementation of the defensive campaign of the front army in the early stage of the war. During this period, the troops of the Beijing Military Region and the Air Force organized defensive campaign exercises for the front army in North China. In his speech at the military parade held after the exercise, Deng Xiaoping pointed out that it is necessary to build our army into a powerful modernized and regularized revolutionary army.
On September 30, Ye Jianying delivered a speech to a Xinhua reporter to further expound the nine-point principle and policy on Taiwan's return to the motherland and the realization of the motherland's peaceful reunification.
On October 17, the Cpc Central Committee and the State Council issued the Several Decisions on Opening Wide Doors, Invigorating the Economy, and Solving the Problem of Employment in Cities and Towns.
From November 7th to 16th, the Chinese women's volleyball team won the world championship for the first time in the 3rd World Cup Women's Volleyball Tournament held in Osaka, Japan. By 1986, the Chinese women's volleyball team had won the world championship five times in the World Cup, world championships and Olympic Games.
In 1982
On January 1, the CPC Central Committee approved and forwarded the Minutes of the National Rural Work Conference, affirming that all kinds of production responsibility systems, such as contracting production to households, are production responsibility systems for the socialist collective economy. From 1982 to 1986, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued five consecutive No. 1 documents on agriculture and rural issues.
On January 11, Deng Xiaoping met with Li Yaozi, chairman of the Chinese American Association, and for the first time proposed the concept of "one country, two systems." On June 26, 1983, he met with Yang Liyu, a professor at The University of The East in New Jersey, and further expounded the six-point principle on the peaceful reunification of the mainland and Taiwan.
On January 13, Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech at the enlarged meeting of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee, proposing the principle of "four modernizations" of revolutionizing, rejuvenating, knowledgeable, and professionalizing the cadre contingent.
On February 20, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on Establishing a Retirement System for Veteran Cadres.
On March 31, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Basic Viewpoints and Basic Policies on Religious Issues in China's Socialist Period", which clearly expounded the issues of respecting and protecting freedom of religious belief, striving for, uniting and educating people in religious circles, and implementing the party's various religious policies.
On April 13, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Decision on Cracking Down on Serious Criminal Activities in the Economic Field.
August 17 The Chinese and American governments issued the Joint Communiqué of the People's Republic of China and the United States of America (August 17 Communiqué) on the step-by-step and final settlement of the issue of US arms sales to Taiwan.
From September 1 to 11, the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. The congress has 1,600 official delegates and 149 alternate delegates, representing more than 39 million party members across the country. In his opening speech, Deng Xiaoping proposed that we should integrate the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete reality of our country, take our own road, and build socialism with Chinese characteristics. The report adopted by the congress, "Comprehensively Opening Up a New Situation in Socialist Modernization," put forward the goal of quadrupling the annual output value of industry and agriculture by the end of the 20th century in two steps. The congress adopted the new Constitution of the Communist Party of China. The Congress decided to establish the Central Advisory Committee.
From September 12 to 13, the First Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Hu Yaobang as general secretary of the Central Committee, decided that Deng Xiaoping was the chairman of the Central Military Commission, approved Deng Xiaoping as the director of the Central Advisory Committee, and approved Chen Yun as the first secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission.
September 24 Deng Xiaoping met with British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to expound the Chinese government's basic position on the Hong Kong issue. It was noted that the issue of sovereignty was not an issue that could be discussed. In 1997 China will take back Hong Kong, not only in the New Territories, but also in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon.
On October 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Decision on the Education of Cadres of Central Party and Government Organs, requiring the regularization, regularization and institutionalization of cadre education in central party and government organs. On April 18, 1983, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made the Decision on Formalizing Party School Education.
October 12 China successfully launched its first launch vehicle from underwater to a predetermined sea target area by a submarine.
On December 4, the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress adopted and promulgated the comprehensively revised Constitution of the People's Republic of China (the current Constitution). Provisions: Strengthen the system of people's congresses and expand the functions and powers of the NPC Standing Committee; restore the establishment of the state president; the state establishes the Central Military Commission, and the Central Military Commission implements the chairman responsibility system; the State Council implements the premier responsibility system; the state may establish special administrative regions when necessary; change the system of "integration of politics and society" in rural people's communes and establish township political power; and clarify the nature and role of the CPPCC in the preamble to the Constitution. Since then, in order to meet the needs of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, China has amended the Constitution five times in 1988, 1993, 1999, 2004 and 2018.
In 1983
On April 5, the headquarters of the Chinese Militia Armed Police Force was established in Beijing.
On April 24, the State Council approved and forwarded the Ministry of Finance's Trial Measures on The Conversion of Profits from State-Owned Enterprises to Taxes.
From June 4 to 22, the first session of the Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Deng Yingchao as chairman of the NATIONAL COMMITTEE of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
June 6-21 The First Session of the Sixth National People's Congress was held. The meeting elected Li Xiannian as president, Peng Zhen as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and Deng Xiaoping as chairman of the State Central Military Commission.
On August 25, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on Severely Cracking Down on Criminal Activities.
On October 1, Deng Xiaoping wrote an inscription for Jingshan School: "Education should be oriented toward modernization, the world, and the future." ”
From October 11 to 12, the Second Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on The Whole Party" and decided to carry out a comprehensive rectification of the party's work style and party organizations in stages and batches over a period of three years. The party was basically over in May 1987.
On October 12, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Notice on the Establishment of Township Governments separately from the Administrative Societies. By the end of 1984, the separation of political and social affairs had been basically completed throughout the country.
On December 6, China's first billion-time supercomputer, the "Galaxy-I." computer, successfully developed by the National Defense Science and Technology University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, passed the national appraisal in Changsha, filling the gap in the development of domestic giant computers.
In 1984
From January 22 to February 17, Deng Xiaoping inspected the three special economic zones of Shenzhen, Zhuhai, and Xiamen and Shanghai, and fully affirmed the decision to set up special economic zones on a trial basis and open up to the outside world.
On March 1, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council forwarded the Report of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries on Creating a New Situation in Social Enterprises, agreed to rename the social enterprises as township enterprises, and proposed a number of policies for the development of township enterprises.
On April 8, China successfully launched the first test communications satellite Dongfanghong-2, becoming the fifth country in the world to master satellite communication capabilities.
On May 4, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council approved and forwarded the Minutes of the Symposium on Some Coastal Cities, decided to further open up 14 coastal port cities in Tianjin, Shanghai, Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang and Beihai, and proposed to gradually establish economic and technological development zones.
On May 31, the Second Session of the Sixth National People's Congress passed the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy. On February 28, 2001, the 20th session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress adopted the Decision on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, which clearly stipulates that regional ethnic autonomy is a basic political system of the country.
On October 1, the capital held a military parade to celebrate the 35th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China and a mass parade. Deng Xiaoping inspected the troops under parade and delivered a speech.
On October 20, the Third Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on The Reform of the Economic Structure," which stipulates the tasks, nature, principles, and policies of the economic structural reform focusing on cities; and proposes that the socialist economy is a planned commodity economy on the basis of public ownership.
In October, the second edition of the Complete Works of Lenin Chinese began to be published in volumes. The collection consisted of 60 volumes and was published by 1990.
On December 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Decision on Strictly Prohibiting Party and Government Organs and Party and Government Cadres from Doing Business and Running Enterprises.
On December 19, the Chinese and British governments formally signed the Joint Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on the Question of Hong Kong in Beijing, and the Chinese Government decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on July 1, 1997.
In 1985
On January 1, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Ten Policies on Further Enlivening the Rural Economy", and decided to reform the system of unified purchase and dispatch of agricultural products, and implement contract ordering and market purchase from 1985.
On January 21, the Ninth Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress passed the Decision on Teachers' Day, deciding that September 10 is Teachers' Day.
On February 18, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council approved and forwarded the Minutes of the Symposium on the Yangtze River, pearl river delta and the Zhangquan Triangle in southern Fujian, and decided to open up coastal economic opening zones in the Yangtze River Delta, pearl river delta and zhangquan triangle areas in southern Fujian. On March 18, 1988, the State Council issued the Notice on Expanding the Scope of Coastal Economic Open Zones, which decided to newly assign 140 cities and counties to the Coastal Economic Open Zones, including the three provincial capitals of Hangzhou, Nanjing and Shenyang. Since then, the State Council has successively decided to open up a number of cities along the river, along the border, inland and provincial capitals, forming a multi-level, multi-channel and all-round pattern of opening up.
On February 20, China's first Antarctic research station, the Great Wall Station, was completed on King George Island in Antarctica. Since then, China has successively built the Antarctic Zhongshan Station, Kunlun Station and Taishan Station.
On 4 March, Deng Xiaoping pointed out during a meeting with foreign guests that the really big problems in the world now have global strategic issues, one is the issue of peace and the other is the issue of development. The issue of peace is an East-West issue, and the development issue is a North-South issue. To sum up, it is the four words of east, west, south, and north. The North-South issue is at the heart of the matter.
On March 13, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Decision on the Reform of the Science and Technology System", which put forward the strategic principle that economic construction must rely on science and technology and that scientific and technological work must be oriented toward economic construction.
From May 23 to June 6, the Central Military Commission held an enlarged meeting. At the meeting, Deng Xiaoping put forward a new judgment on the international situation and two important changes in China's foreign policy, announcing that the Chinese People's Liberation Army would reduce its posts by 1 million. The meeting made a major policy decision on the strategic transformation of the guiding ideology of army building.
On May 27, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on the Reform of the Education System. It is necessary to clarify the fundamental purpose and main measures for the reform of the education system, propose the step-by-step implementation of nine-year compulsory education, vigorously develop vocational and technical education, reform the enrollment plan and the distribution system of graduates in institutions of higher learning, and expand the autonomy of institutions of higher learning in running schools.
In May, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council approved the implementation of the "Spark Plan" aimed at relying on science and technology to promote rural economic development.
From June 9 to 15, the National Conference on Publicity and Education on the Legal System was held. The meeting adopted the Five-Year Plan for the Basic Popularization of Legal Knowledge to All Citizens. By 2021, a total of eight five-year plans for legal popularization will be implemented.
From September 18 to 23, the National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. The meeting adjusted the membership of the Central Committee, the Central Advisory Committee and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.
On September 24, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenum adjusted the members of the Politburo and the Secretariat of the Central Committee, and further realized the replacement of the members of the central leading organs.
In 1986
On March 5, Deng Xiaoping gave instructions on the proposals put forward by four scientists, Wang Daheng, Wang Ganchang, Yang Jiaqi, and Chen Fangyun, on tracking and studying the development of foreign high technology. On November 18, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council forwarded the Outline of the High-Tech Research and Development Plan. This plan was first approved by Deng Xiaoping in March 1986, also known as the "863 Plan".
On April 12, the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People's Congress passed the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China, the Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Foreign-Funded Enterprises.
On July 8, China's domestic satellite communication network was officially completed.
On August 10, the General Staff Department, the General Political Department, and the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army issued a notice stipulating that the reserve forces should be officially included in the order of the people's liberation army.
On September 15, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Regulations on the Work of grass-roots organizations of industrial enterprises owned by the whole people of the Communist Party of China.
On September 28, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Resolution on the Guidelines for the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization", which expounded the strategic position, fundamental tasks and basic guidelines for the construction of socialist spiritual civilization. The building of socialist spiritual civilization has played a positive role in promoting the improvement of party style and social atmosphere, and a number of models of the times have emerged, such as Jiang Zhuying, Luo Jianfu, Zhu Boru, and Gu Wenchang.
On December 5, the State Council issued the Several Provisions on Deepening Enterprise Reform and Enhancing Enterprise Vitality.
On December 30, Deng Xiaoping pointed out in a conversation with several responsible comrades of the Central Committee that it is necessary to take a clear-cut stand in adhering to the four cardinal principles and opposing bourgeois liberalization. On January 28, 1987, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Circular on Several Issues Concerning the Current Opposition to Bourgeois Liberalization.
In 1987
On 13 April, the Chinese and Portuguese governments formally signed the Joint Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Portuguese Republic on the Question of Macao in Beijing, confirming that the Chinese Government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Macao on 20 December 1999.
On April 17, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council approved and forwarded the "Report of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee" and the State Nationalities Commission on Several Important Issues Concerning Ethnic Work, expounding the general guiding ideology and fundamental tasks of ethnic work in the new period.
On October 16, the General Office of the State Council promulgated the measures for receiving and receiving relatives visiting Taiwan compatriots. On November 2, the first batch of Taiwan compatriots visiting their relatives went to the mainland via Hong Kong. At this point, the 38-year-long state of cross-strait isolation has been broken, and cross-strait personnel exchanges and economic and cultural exchanges have gradually unfolded.
From October 25 to November 1, the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. There are 1,936 official delegates and 61 specially invited delegates, representing more than 46 million party members across the country. The report adopted by the congress, "Advancing along the Road of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," expounds the theory of the primary stage of socialism, puts forward the party's basic line in the primary stage of socialism, and formulates a three-step development strategy for realizing modernization by the middle of the 21 st century. The congress adopted the Amendment to Some Articles of the Constitution of the Communist Party of China.
On November 2, the First Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Zhao Ziyang as general secretary of the Central Committee, decided that Deng Xiaoping was the chairman of the Central Military Commission, approved Chen Yun as the director of the Central Advisory Committee, and approved Qiao Shi as the secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission.
On November 24, the 23rd session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress passed the Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on Villagers' Committees (for Trial Implementation). On November 4, 1998, the Fifth Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress passed the Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on Villagers' Committees.
In 1988
On February 25, the State Council issued the Implementation Plan for implementing the reform of the housing system in stages and batches in cities and towns across the country. On July 18, 1994, the State Council issued the Decision on Deepening the Reform of the Urban Housing System, and the housing supply management gradually changed from unitization to socialization and specialization. On July 3, 1998, the State Council issued the Notice on Further Deepening the Reform of the Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction, proposing to stop the distribution of housing in kind and gradually implement the monetization of housing distribution.
On March 14, the People's Liberation Army Navy conducted a self-defense counterattack operation in the Spratly Islands.
From March 24 to April 10, the first session of the Seventh National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Li Xiannian as chairman of the CPPCC National Committee.
From March 25 to April 13, the First Session of the Seventh National People's Congress was held. The meeting decided to establish Hainan Province and establish the Hainan Special Economic Zone; approved the State Council's institutional reform plan; and for the first time since then, it has carried out the "three determinations" of "defining functions, institutions, and establishments" for various departments; and passed the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Sino-Foreign Cooperative Joint Ventures." The meeting elected Yang Shangkun as president, Wan Li as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and Deng Xiaoping as chairman of the State Central Military Commission.
On June 1, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Circular on the Need to Maintain Integrity in Party and State Organs.
On July 1, the Second Session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress passed the Regulations on the Ranks of Officers of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and the People's Liberation Army implemented a new rank system.
In August, the State Council approved the implementation of the "Torch Plan" aimed at developing high-tech industries.
On September 5, deng Xiaoping pointed out during his meeting with foreign guests that Marx had said that science and technology are productive forces, and facts have proved that this statement is very correct. In my opinion, science and technology are the primary productive forces.
On the same day, the Third Session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress adopted the "Regulations on the Service of Officers on Active Duty in the Chinese People's Liberation Army." On December 28, 2000, the 19th session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress passed the Law of the People's Republic of China on Officers on Active Duty.
On September 12, when listening to the work report, Deng Xiaoping put forward the idea of "two overall situations." He pointed out that the coastal areas should speed up the opening up to the outside world so that this vast area with a population of 200 million people can develop relatively quickly and lead to better development of the hinterland. The hinterland must take into account this overall situation. On the other hand, when the development reaches a certain time, the coastal areas are required to show more strength to help the development of the inland, which is also a big situation. At that time, the coast must also be subordinated to this overall situation.
September 14-27 China's self-developed missile nuclear submarine conducts underwater launch vehicle tests in the East China Sea and is successful.
From September 26 to 30, the Third Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session put forward the principle of managing the economic environment, rectifying the economic order, and comprehensively deepening reform.
October 16 China's first high-energy accelerator, the Beijing positron-negative electron collider, was successfully collided.
In 1989
At the turn of spring and summer, political turmoil broke out in Beijing and some other cities, and the party and the government relied on the people, took a clear-cut stand against the turmoil, quelled the counter-revolutionary riots that took place in Beijing, defended the socialist state power, safeguarded the fundamental interests of the people, and ensured the continued progress of reform, opening up, and modernization. On June 9, when receiving cadres at and above the military level of the martial law forces in the capital, Deng Xiaoping pointed out that the political turmoil in Beijing was determined by the general international climate and China's own microclimate, stressing that the basic line, principles, policies, and development strategies formulated since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China are correct and must be unswervingly carried out.
On May 16, Deng Xiaoping met with Gorbachev, chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union and general secretary of the Central Committee of the CpSU, to normalize Sino-Soviet relations.
On 16 June, Deng Xiaoping pointed out in a conversation with several responsible comrades of the Central Committee that any leading collective must have a core, and leadership without a core is unreliable. He also pointed out that we must grasp reform and opening up on the one hand and punish corruption on the other, and combine these two things.
June 23-24 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Report on Comrade Zhao Ziyang's Mistakes in the Anti-Party and Anti-Socialist Turmoil" and elected Jiang Zemin as general secretary of the Central Committee. In his speech at the plenary session on 24 July, Jiang Zemin pointed out that on the most basic issue of dealing with the line and basic policies since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China, it is necessary to make clear two sentences: One is unswerving and unswerving; the other is to comprehensively implement and be consistent.
From July 27 to 28 and August 28, the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee held plenary meetings and adopted the "Decision on Doing Several Matters of Concern to the Masses in the Near Future," the "Circular on Strengthening Propaganda and Ideological Work," and the "Circular on Strengthening Party Building."
September 4 In view of the drastic changes in the international situation, Deng Xiaoping put forward the guidelines for foreign affairs work of calm observation, steady position, and calm response.
On September 29, the conference to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China was held. Jiang Zemin delivered a speech.
From November 6 to 9, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the Decision on Further Governance, Rectification and Deepening Reform. He agreed to Deng Xiaoping's resignation as chairman of the Central Military Commission and decided that Jiang Zemin would be the chairman of the Central Military Commission.
On December 21, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Notice on Strengthening and Improving the Party's Leadership over the Work of Trade Unions, the Communist Youth League and the Women's Federation.
On December 26, the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress passed the Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban Residents' Committees.
On December 30, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Opinions on Upholding and Improving the System of Multiparty Cooperation and Political Consultation Under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China, pointing out that "long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity, and sharing weal and woe" is the basic policy of cooperation between the Communist Party of China and various democratic parties, and it is clear that the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is a basic political system in China.
In 1990
From March 9 to 12, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Strengthening the Party's Ties with the Masses."
From March 20 to April 4, the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress was held. The meeting adopted the "Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China," the "Decision on the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China," and the "Decision on the Establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region." The meeting decided to accept Deng Xiaoping's request to resign as chairman of the State Central Military Commission and elect Jiang Zemin as chairman of the State Central Military Commission.
On April 12, the Politburo meeting of the CPC Central Committee approved in principle the Plan for the Development and Opening Up of Pudong submitted by the State Council. Shanghai Pudong New Area has become the first state-level new area in China. Since then, Tianjin Binhai, Chongqing Liangjiang and other new areas have been approved for establishment. By June 2021, a total of 19 state-level new areas will be established across the country.
In April, the Chinese government sent five military observers to the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization for the first time, kicking off China's participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations. In April 1992, the Chinese government sent a 400-strong peacekeeping engineer brigade to the United Nations Provisional Authority in Cambodia for the first time, setting a precedent for our military to participate in United Nations peacekeeping operations as a structure.
On May 25, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Several Provisions on the Democratic Life Meeting of Party Members and Leading Cadres of Party and State Organs at and above the County Level.
On July 7, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on implementing the System of Exchange of Leading Cadres of Party and State Organs.
On September 1, the earliest expressway built in Chinese mainland, the Shenyang-Dalian Expressway (Shenyang-Dalian), was officially opened to traffic. By the end of 2020, the length of highways nationwide will reach 161,000 kilometers.
From September 22 to October 7, the 11th Asian Games was held in Beijing. This is the first comprehensive international sports competition hosted by China.
On November 4, the CPC Central Committee approved and forwarded the Opinions of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection on Strengthening the Building of Party Style and Clean government, stressing the importance and urgency of understanding the party style and the building of a clean and honest government from the perspective of the survival of the party and the country and the success or failure of reform and opening up.
On November 26, the first stock exchange opened in Chinese mainland since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange, was officially established. On December 19, the Shanghai Stock Exchange officially opened. On July 3, 1991, the Shenzhen Stock Exchange was officially opened.
On 1 December, Jiang Zemin put forward the "five-sentence" general requirement for army building that is "politically qualified, militarily competent, has a fine work style, has strict discipline, and has effective guarantees" at the all-army military work conference.
In 1991
From January 10 to 16, the National Work Conference on Supporting the Military and Its Subordinates, Supporting the Government and Loving the People was held in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. The name of the meeting commended the first batch of national double-support model cities (counties).
On March 6, the State Council issued the Notice on Approving the National High-tech Industrial Development Zone and Relevant Policy Provisions. It was decided that after the approval of the Beijing Municipal New Technology Industry Development Pilot Zone in 1988, 26 development zones, including the Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone, would be selected as national high-tech industrial development zones among the high-tech industrial development zones that have been established in various localities. By June 2021, a total of 169 national high-tech industrial development zones (including Suzhou Industrial Park) will be built.
On June 26, the State Council made the Decision on the Reform of the Pension Insurance System for Employees of Enterprises. On July 16, 1997, the State Council made the Decision on Establishing a Unified Basic Pension Insurance System for Enterprise Employees. On December 3, 2005, the State Council made the Decision on Improving the Basic Old-age Insurance System for Enterprise Employees.
In June, the second edition of volumes 1 to 4 of The Collected Works of Mao Zedong was published.
On July 1, the conference to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China was held. Jiang Zemin delivered a speech expounding on the basic characteristics and main contents of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the economy, politics, and culture.
In July and August, with the approval of the Central Leading Group for Party History, the first volume of "History of the Communist Party of China" and "Seventy Years of the Communist Party of China" compiled by the Central Party History Research Office were published separately. In September 2002, the first volume of the History of the Communist Party of China was revised and renamed as the first volume of the History of the Communist Party of China, which was published with the approval of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In January 2011 and June 2016, the second volume of "History of the Communist Party of China" and "Ninety Years of the Communist Party of China" were published with the approval of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
On September 6, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on Accelerating the Training of Young Cadres in Education.
From November 25 to 29, the Eighth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The Plenary adopted the Decision on Further Strengthening Agricultural and Rural Work. It is pointed out that it is necessary to regard the responsibility system with household co-production contracting as the main responsibility system and the combination of unified and decentralized management as a basic system of China's rural collective economic organizations for a long time and stabilize it for a long time, and constantly enrich and improve it.
On December 15, Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China's first self-designed and self-built nuclear power plant, was connected to the grid for power generation.
In 1992
On 14 January, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the Central Nationalities Work Conference that it is necessary to consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations characterized by equality, unity, and mutual assistance, uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and resolutely safeguard the reunification of the motherland.
From January 18 to February 21, Deng Xiaoping inspected Wuchang, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shanghai, and other places and delivered speeches, clearly answering many major questions of understanding that had long plagued and shackled people's thinking. He pointed out that the key to adhering to the line, principles, and policies since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China lies in adhering to "one central task and two basic points," and the basic line must be managed for a hundred years; the criterion for judging the surnames of "society" and surname "capital" should mainly depend on whether it is conducive to developing the productive forces of socialist society, whether it is conducive to enhancing the comprehensive national strength of socialist countries, and whether it is conducive to improving the people's living standards; we must seize the opportunity to develop ourselves, and development is the last word. In particular, it is emphasized that a little more planning or a little more market is not the essential difference between socialism and capitalism. The essence of socialism is to liberate the productive forces, develop the productive forces, eliminate exploitation, eliminate polarization, and ultimately achieve common prosperity. This speech is another manifesto for emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts in pushing reform, opening up, and modernization to a new stage.
On February 25, the 24th session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress passed the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Areas.
On March 8, the State Council issued the National Program for the Development of Science and Technology in the Medium and Long Term.
From October 12 to 18, the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. The congress officially represented 1989 people, specially invited representatives 46 people, representing more than 51 million party members across the country. The report adopted by the congress, "Speeding Up the Pace of Reform, Opening Up, and Modernization, and Winning Greater Victories in the Cause of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," summed up the practical experience of the past 14 years since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, decided to seize the opportunity and speed up development; determined that the goal of China's economic structural reform is to establish a socialist market economic system; and proposed to arm the whole party with Comrade Deng Xiaoping's theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. The congress adopted the "Constitution of the Communist Party of China (Amendment)", which wrote Comrade Deng Xiaoping's theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and the party's basic line in the initial stage of socialism into the party constitution.
On October 19, the First Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Jiang Zemin as general secretary of the Central Committee, decided that Jiang Zemin was the chairman of the Central Military Commission, and approved Wei Jian as secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission.
In November, the Association for Cross-Strait Relations and the Taiwan Strait Exchange Foundation reached a consensus on how to express adherence to the one-China principle in cross-strait transactional negotiations, and reached a consensus that "both sides of the strait belong to one China and work together to seek national reunification", which was later called the "1992 Consensus".
In 1993
From January 13 to 19, the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission formulated the military strategic principle of active defense in the new period, requiring that the basis for preparations for military struggle be placed on winning local wars under modern technology, especially high technology. The enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission held in June 2004 pointed out that it is necessary to clearly put the basis of preparations for military struggle on winning local wars under the conditions of informationization.
On February 13, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Outline of China's Educational Reform and Development. It is pointed out that by the end of the 20th century, China will achieve basic universal nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people.
From March 14 to 27, the first session of the Eighth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Li Ruihuan as chairman of the NATIONAL Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
March 15-31 The First Session of the Eighth National People's Congress was held. The "Amendment to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China" adopted by the meeting affirmed that China is in the initial stage of socialism and that the state implements a socialist market economy; clarifies that the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China will exist and develop for a long time; adopts the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, the Decision on the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, and the Decision on the Establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. The meeting elected Jiang Zemin as president of the state and chairman of the State Central Military Commission, Qiao Shi as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and Li Peng as premier of the State Council. The meeting approved the State Council's institutional reform plan, and for the first time clearly stated that the focus of institutional reform is to transform government functions.
From April 27 to 29, Wang Daohan, president of the Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits, and Koo Chun-fu, chairman of the Taiwan Strait Exchange Foundation, held talks in Singapore and signed four agreements, including the "Joint Agreement on the Wang-Koo Talks". This was the first meeting between the leaders of the authorized non-governmental organizations on both sides of the strait.
On July 15, the State Education Commission issued the "Several Opinions on the Key Construction of a Number of Colleges and Universities and Key Discipline Points", proposing a plan for the construction of about 100 colleges and universities and a number of key discipline points in the 21st century, referred to as the "211 Project". In May 1998, Jiang Zemin proposed that China should have a number of first-class universities with advanced world standards. In January 1999, the State Council approved and forwarded the Ministry of Education's Action Plan for the Revitalization of Education in the 21st Century, proposing to create a number of first-class universities with advanced world standards and a number of first-class disciplines, referred to as the "985 Project".
On 21 August, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the Second Plenary Session of the 14th Central Discipline Inspection Commission that in punishing corruption, it is necessary to grasp it as a systematic project, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, comprehensively deal with it, and persistently deal with it.
In October, the third volume of The Selected Writings of Deng Xiaoping was published. In October 1994, the Selected Writings of Deng Xiaoping (1938-1965) and the Selected Writings of Deng Xiaoping (1975-1982) were supplemented and revised, and the second edition was published, which was renamed the first and second volumes of The Selected Writings of Deng Xiaoping.
On November 5, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Several Policies and Measures on the Current Development of Agriculture and Rural Economy", proposing to extend the original farmland contract period for another 30 years after the expiration of the original farmland contract period.
On 7 November, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the National United Front Work Conference that it is necessary to continue to consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations, uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and accelerate economic development and social progress in ethnic minority areas; it is necessary to comprehensively and correctly implement the party's religious policy, strengthen the management of religious affairs according to law, and actively guide religion to adapt to socialist society.
From November 11 to 14, the Third Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Several Issues Concerning the Establishment of a Socialist Market Economic System," which outlined the basic framework of the socialist market economic system. It is pointed out that the socialist market economic system is integrated with the basic socialist system, and the establishment of the socialist market economic system is to enable the market to play a basic role in the allocation of resources under the state's macroeconomic regulation and control. It is necessary to further transform the operating mechanism of state-owned enterprises and establish a modern enterprise system that meets the requirements of the market economy, has clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separates government administration from enterprises, and has scientific management.
On 20 November, Jiang Zemin attended and delivered a speech at the first APEC Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting held in Seattle, USA.
On December 15, the State Council issued the "Decision on the Implementation of the Fiscal Management System of the Tax-sharing System", which determined that from January 1, 1994, the local financial contracting system would be reformed, and the financial management system of the tax-sharing system would be implemented for all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities separately listed in the plan.
On December 25, the State Council issued the Decision on the Reform of the Financial System. It is proposed to establish a macroeconomic regulation and control system of the central bank that independently implements monetary policy under the leadership of the State Council; establish a financial organization system that separates policy-oriented finance from commercial finance, with state-owned commercial banks as the main body and a variety of financial institutions coexisting; and establish a unified, open, orderly competition, and strictly managed financial market system.
On December 26, the conference was held to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Mao Zedong's birth. In his speech, Jiang Zemin spoke highly of Mao Zedong's great achievements in his life and stressed that Mao Zedong Thought will always be the theoretical treasure house of Chinese communists and the spiritual pillar of the Chinese nation.
In 1994
On January 11, the State Council issued the Decision on Further Deepening the Reform of the Foreign Trade System. It is pointed out that the objectives of the reform of China's foreign trade system are: unified policies, liberalization of operations, equal competition, self-financing, integration of industry and trade, the implementation of the agency system, and the establishment of an operating mechanism that adapts to the common rules of the international economy.
On 24 January, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work: In propaganda and ideological work, it is necessary to arm people with scientific theories, guide people with correct public opinion, mold people with a noble spirit, and inspire people with outstanding works.
From February 28 to March 3, the State Council held a national work conference on poverty alleviation and development, deployed and implemented the national 87 poverty alleviation plan, and called for striving to basically solve the problem of food and clothing for 80 million poor people in the country in the last seven years of the end of the 20th century.
On March 19, the Second Session of the Eighth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference deliberated and adopted the Charter of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (Amendment), which listed political consultation, democratic supervision, and participation in the administration and discussion of state affairs as the main functions of the CPPCC.
On March 22, the Second Session of the Eighth National People's Congress passed the Budget Law of the People's Republic of China.
On March 25, the executive meeting of the State Council adopted China's Agenda 21, which determined the implementation of the sustainable development strategy.
On July 5, the Eighth Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress passed the Labor Law of the People's Republic of China.
From July 20 to 23, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council held the Third Tibet Work Forum. The meeting made a major policy decision of the central government to show concern for Tibet and to support Tibet throughout the country. Since then, the central authorities have continuously taken effective measures to increase support for Tibet's modernization development.
On August 23, the CPC Central Committee issued the "Outline for the Implementation of Patriotism Education," proposing to regard patriotism education as a basic project for improving the overall quality of the whole nation and strengthening the building of socialist spiritual civilization.
On August 31, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Several Opinions on Further Strengthening and Improving the Work of Moral Education in Schools.
From September 25 to 28, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning Strengthening Party Building," which raised party building to the height of the new great project.
In 1995
On January 7, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Regulations on the Protection of the Rights of Party Members of the Communist Party of China (for Trial Implementation). On September 22, 2004, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Regulations on the Protection of the Rights of Party Members of the Communist Party of China.
On 30 January, Jiang Zemin delivered a speech entitled "Continuing to Struggle for the Completion of the Great Cause of Promoting the Reunification of the Motherland," in which he put forward eight proposals for developing cross-strait relations and promoting the process of the motherland's peaceful reunification at the present stage.
On February 9, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Interim Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Party and Government Leading Cadres. On July 9, 2002, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Party and Government Leading Cadres.
On March 18, the Third Session of the Eighth National People's Congress passed the Education Law of the People's Republic of China.
On May 6, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Decision on Accelerating Scientific and Technological Progress, which determined the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education.
In June, the second edition of the Complete Works of Marx and Engels Chinese began to be published in volumes. As of June 2021, 32 volumes have been published.
From September 25 to 28, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the Proposal on Formulating the Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2010. It is proposed to implement the transformation of the economic system from the traditional planned economic system to the socialist market economic system, and the transformation of the mode of economic growth from extensive to intensive, which are two fundamental changes of overall significance. On 28 July, Jiang Zemin delivered a speech at the plenary session in which he systematically expounded the correct handling of 12 major relations in socialist modernization, such as the relations of reform, development, and stability.
On November 29, the reincarnation of the 10th Panchen Lama was confirmed by the Golden Vase, and the State Council specially approved Gyaltsen Nobu to succeed him as the 11th Panchen Erdene.
In December, the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission adopted the "Outline of the Army Building Plan for the Ninth Five-Year Plan Period", proposing the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the army through science and technology.
This year, China's GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT reached 6,134 billion yuan, and the original goal of quadrupling in 2000 compared with 1980 was achieved five years ahead of schedule. In 1997, the goal of quadrupling per capita GROSS DOMESTIC product was achieved ahead of schedule.
In 1996
From 8 to 25 March, in order to show that the Chinese people have full determination, methods, and ability to safeguard the reunification of the motherland and deter the "Taiwan independence" forces, the People's Liberation Army conducted missile training in the East China Sea and the South China Sea, conducted sea-air live-fire exercises in the East China Sea and the South China Sea, and conducted joint land, navy, and air force exercises in the Taiwan Strait. On June 30, 1998, when participating in a discussion with Shanghai citizens during his visit to China, US President Clinton openly reiterated that the United States does not support "Taiwan independence," "one China, one Taiwan," and "two Chinas," and does not support Taiwan's membership in any international organization that must be attended by sovereign states.
On March 19, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to study Xinjiang's stability work. In 1997, the central authorities began to send a number of backbone forces from inland provinces, municipalities, state organs, and important state-owned enterprises to work in Xinjiang. Since then, counterpart support for Xinjiang has continued to increase.
On April 5, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Regulations on the Work of the Local Committees of the Communist Party of China (for Trial Implementation). On December 25, 2015, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Regulations on the Work of the Local Committees of the Communist Party of China.
From October 7 to 10, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Resolution on Several Important Issues Concerning the Strengthening of the Building of Socialist Spiritual Civilization." It is pointed out that socialist society is a society with all-round development and all-round progress, and the cause of socialist modernization is the cause of the coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization.
From December 9 to 12, the National Health Work Conference was held. On January 15, 1997, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Decision on Health Reform and Development.
In 1997
February 19 Deng Xiaoping dies.
On March 14, the Fifth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress passed the National Defense Law of the People's Republic of China, and decided to approve the establishment of Chongqing Municipality directly under the Central Government and abolish the former Chongqing Municipality.
On March 28, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Several Guidelines for the Honesty and Honesty of Leading Cadres of the Communist Party of China (Trial Implementation)". On January 18, 2010, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Several Guidelines for the Honest and Honest Administration of Leading Cadres of the Communist Party of China.
On May 25, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Several Provisions on Strict Economy and Suppression of Extravagant and Wasteful Behavior in Party and Government Organs.
On June 4, the third meeting of the National Science and Technology Leading Group decided to formulate the National Key Basic Research Development Plan. Subsequently, the Ministry of Science and Technology organized the implementation of the National Key Basic Research and Development Plan ("973 Plan") to strengthen the basic research work oriented by the national strategic goals.
Midnight on June 30 - Early morning on July 1 The handover ceremony between the Chinese and British governments in Hong Kong was held in Hong Kong, announcing the resumption of the Chinese government's exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China After the handover ceremony, the inauguration ceremony of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China and the swearing-in ceremony of the SAR Government was held. The Hong Kong Garrison of the Chinese People's Liberation Army began performing Hong Kong defense duties at 00:00 on July 1.
In July, the Asian financial crisis broke out. On December 6, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Notice on Deepening Financial Reform, Rectifying the Financial Order, and Preventing Financial Risks.
On September 2, the State Council issued the Notice on Establishing a Minimum Subsistence Guarantee System for Urban Residents nationwide.
From September 12 to 18, the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. The congress officially represented 2,048 people, and invited 60 special representatives, representing more than 58 million party members across the country. The report adopted by the congress, "Holding High the Great Banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Comprehensively Advancing the Cause of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics into the Twenty-first Century," focused on expounding the historical status and guiding significance of Deng Xiaoping Theory; put forward the party's basic program for the primary stage of socialism; made it clear that public ownership is the mainstay and the common development of the economy under multiple ownership systems is a basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism in our country; it emphasizes ruling the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law; and it clearly defines the grand goal of cross-century development of China's reform, opening up, and modernization drive. The congress adopted the "Amendment to the Constitution of the Communist Party of China," which established Deng Xiaoping Theory, together with Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, as the party's guiding ideology and enshrined it in the party constitution.
On September 12, Jiang Zemin announced in his report to the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: On the basis of the 1 million military posts cut in the 1980s, China will reduce the number of military posts by 500,000 in the next three years. On 1 September 2003, when attending the meeting to celebrate the 50 th anniversary of the founding of the National University of Defense Technology, Jiang Zemin announced: On the basis of the reduction of 500,000 military posts during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, our army will reduce another 200,000 posts by 2005.
On September 19, the First Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Jiang Zemin as general secretary of the Central Committee, decided that Jiang Zemin was the chairman of the Central Military Commission, and approved Wei Jian as secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission.
On November 8, the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Hub Project of the Yangtze River successfully intercepted the flow of the river. On July 4, 2012, the last 700,000-kilowatt giant unit of the Three Gorges Project was officially put into operation.
On 24 December, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at a meeting with representatives of the National Conference on Foreign Investment that "bringing in" and "going out" are two closely linked and mutually reinforcing aspects of our basic national policy of opening up to the outside world, and one is indispensable, and this is a grand strategy.
In December, the Central Military Commission held an enlarged meeting and put forward two historic topics: "Winning the War" and "Not Degenerating". The meeting formulated a "three-step" development strategy for the modernization of national defense and the armed forces.
In 1998
In January, the National Forestry Planning Conference announced that from 1998 onwards, the state will implement the natural forest protection project in state-owned forest areas with the main contents of reducing timber production, protecting resources, diverting personnel, and improving efficiency. In October 2000, China fully implemented the natural forest resources protection project.
From March 3 to 14, the first session of the Ninth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Li Ruihuan as chairman of the NATIONAL Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
From March 5 to 19, the first session of the Ninth National People's Congress was held. The meeting elected Jiang Zemin as president of the state and chairman of the State Central Military Commission, Li Peng as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, and Zhu Rongji as premier of the State Council. The meeting approved the State Council's institutional reform plan, decided to adjust and reduce the number of specialized economic departments, and strengthen macroeconomic regulation and control and law enforcement supervision departments.
On June 9, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Notice on Earnestly Ensuring the Basic Livelihood and Reemployment of Laid-off Workers in State-Owned Enterprises, proposing the principle of implementing the principle of independent employment choice of workers, market regulation and employment promotion under the guidance of national policies.
From mid-June to early September, there were rare major floods in the southern part of China, especially in the Yangtze River Basin and the Nenjiang and Songhua River basins in the north. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, and the Central Military Commission, the whole party, the whole army, and the people of the whole country have united and fought hard, won a comprehensive victory in the struggle against floods and rescue dangers, and forged the great spirit of fighting floods with one heart and one mind, not being afraid of difficulties, stubbornly working hard, persevering, and daring to win.
On June 26, the Third Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress passed the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf.
In July, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that the armed forces, the armed police force, and the political and legal organs would no longer engage in business activities.
From October 12 to 14, the Third Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning Agriculture and Rural Work, and put forward the goal of building a new socialist countryside with Chinese characteristics by 2010.
On November 21, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Opinions on Deeply Carrying Out Education on Party Spirit and Party Style among Party and Government Leading Groups and Leading Cadres at and above the County Level, with "Stressing Study, Stressing Politics, and Stressing Healthy Trends" as the main content. By the end of 2000, the "three stresses" education had basically ended.
On the same day, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Provisions on Implementing the Responsibility System for the Improvement of Party Style and Honest Government." On November 10, 2010, the regulation was revised and re-promulgated.
On December 14, the State Council issued the Decision on Establishing a Basic Medical Insurance System for Urban Workers.
In 1999
On February 13, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Regulations on the Work of Rural Grassroots Organizations of the Communist Party of China.
On June 13, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Decision on Deepening Education Reform and Comprehensively Promoting Quality Education. On 15 July, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the Third National Education Work Conference that education must take the improvement of the quality of the people as its fundamental purpose.
On 17 June, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at a forum on the reform and development of state-owned enterprises in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, that the implementation of the large-scale development of the western region is a grand strategic task for rejuvenating the Chinese nation. On October 26, 2000, the State Council issued the Circular on Several Policies and Measures for the Large-scale Development of the Western Region.
On August 20, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made the Decision on Strengthening Technological Innovation, Developing High Technology, and Realizing Industrialization. From the 23rd to the 26th, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council held the National Technological Innovation Conference.
On September 18, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission made a decision to commend 23 scientific and technological experts who had made outstanding contributions to the development of the "two bombs and one satellite" and awarded the "Medal of Merit of Two Bombs and One Star". On the same day, a meeting of scientific and technological experts commending those who have made outstanding contributions to the development of the "two bombs and one satellite" was held. The meeting summarized the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" of loving the motherland, selfless dedication, self-reliance, hard struggle, vigorous coordination, and the courage to climb.
From September 19 to 22, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning the Reform and Development of State-Owned Enterprises.
On October 1, all walks of life in the capital celebrated the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, a military parade and a mass parade. Jiang Zemin inspected the troops under parade and delivered a speech.
From midnight on December 19 to early morning on December 20, the handover ceremony between the Chinese and Portuguese governments in Macao was held in Macao, announcing the resumption of the chinese government's sovereignty over Macao. The Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China was established. After the handover ceremony, the inauguration ceremony of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China and the swearing-in ceremony of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China was held. The Chinese People's Liberation Army garrison in Macao began to perform macao defense duties at 00:00 on the 20th.
Year 2000
On 25 February, Jiang Zemin clearly put forward the requirements of the "three represents" when he inspected the work in Guangdong and listened to the work report of the provincial party committee. He pointed out that our party has won the support of the people because in all historical periods of revolution, construction, and reform, our party has always represented the requirements for the development of China's advanced productive forces, the direction of progress of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people, and has made unremitting efforts to realize the fundamental interests of the country and the people by formulating correct lines, principles, and policies. On 14 May, when presiding over a forum on party building in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai in Shanghai, Jiang Zemin further pointed out that consistently achieving the "three represents" is the foundation of our party's building, the foundation of its ruling power, and the source of its strength.
On March 15, the Third Session of the Ninth National People's Congress passed the Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China. On March 15, 2015, the Third Session of the 12th National People's Congress passed the Decision on Amending the Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China.
On June 13, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Small Towns.
From October 9 to 11, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The Plenary Adopted the Recommendation on the Formulation of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development. He pointed out that the people's living standards have generally reached the level of moderate prosperity, and starting in the new century, they will enter a new stage of development in comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society and speeding up socialist modernization.
On October 11, in his speech after the conclusion of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee, Jiang Zemin comprehensively expounded on all aspects of the work of cracking down on ethnic separatist forces, religious extremist forces, and terrorist forces and maintaining stability in Xinjiang in light of Xinjiang's history and reality. He stressed: Maintaining the stability and development of minority areas and border areas is a very big political and important overall situation, and is of great significance to the country's long-term peace and stability and social and political stability.
On November 8, the expansion projects of Hongjiadu Hydropower Station, Yingzidu Hydropower Station and Wujiangdu Hydropower Station in Guizhou began construction at the same time, and the China West-to-East Power Transmission Project was fully launched.
In 2001
On 10 January, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the national meeting of propaganda ministers that it is necessary to vigorously publicize and carry forward the spirit of unremitting struggle for the realization of socialist modernization in the whole society, and stressed the need to closely integrate ruling the country according to law with governing the country with ethics.
On February 19, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council held a national science and technology award conference to award Wu Wenjun and Yuan Longping the 2000 national highest science and technology award.
On February 27, the inaugural meeting of the Boao Forum for Asia was held in Boao, Hainan. From April 12 to 13, 2002, the first annual meeting of the Boao Forum for Asia was held.
From May 24 to 25, the Central Work Conference on Poverty Alleviation and Development was held. The meeting pointed out that the strategic goal set by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to basically solve the problem of food and clothing for the rural poor at the end of the 20th century has been basically achieved. On June 13, the State Council issued the Outline for Poverty Alleviation and Development in Rural Areas of China (2001-2010).
On June 15, the heads of state of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan jointly signed the Declaration on the Establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, formally established the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on the basis of the meeting mechanism between the heads of state of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, and wrote the "Shanghai Spirit" with mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations and the pursuit of common development as the basic contents.
On June 29, the groundbreaking ceremony of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was held simultaneously in Golmud, Qinghai, and Lhasa, Tibet. On July 1, 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was completed and opened to traffic.
On July 1, the conference to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China was held. Jiang Zemin delivered a speech summing up the party's achievements in struggle and basic experience over the past 80 years and expounding the important thinking of the "three represents."
On September 20, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Outline for the Implementation of the Construction of Citizen Morality", proposing to closely integrate the construction of the legal system with the construction of morality, and the rule of law with the rule of ethics, and gradually form a socialist moral system that is compatible with the development of the socialist market economy.
From September 24 to 26, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Strengthening and Improving the Building of the Party's Work Style" and put forward the requirements of "eight insistences and eight oppositions" in the building of work style.
On October 21, the Ninth APEC Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting was held in Shanghai. Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech that only by benefiting the broad masses of members of the international community can economic globalization be smoothly advanced and the world economy develop in a sustained and stable manner.
On November 10, the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization held in Doha, Qatar, deliberated and adopted China's decision to join the World Trade Organization by consensus. On December 11, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization, and China's opening up to the outside world entered a new stage.
In 2002
On January 10, the Western Development Office of the State Council held a teleconference on the work of returning farmland to forests, and decided to launch the project of returning farmland to forests in an all-round way on the basis of the pilot work in the past two years. On December 14, the State Council issued the Regulations on Returning Farmland to Forests.
On July 4, the groundbreaking ceremony of the West-to-East Gas Transmission Line Project (From Xinjiang to Shanghai) was held. Since then, the second line project and the third line project of the West-to-East Gas Transmission Have been built.
On September 12, Jiang Zemin delivered a speech at the National Conference on Reemployment, proposing that employment is the foundation of people's livelihood. On the 30th, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Notice on Further Reemployment of Laid-off Unemployed Persons to establish the basic framework of active employment policies.
On October 19, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Decision on Further Strengthening Rural Health Work. By the end of June 2008, the new rural cooperative medical system covered 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.
From November 8 to 14, the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. The congress officially represented 2114 people, 40 specially invited representatives, representing more than 66 million party members across the country. The report adopted by the congress, "Comprehensively Building a Moderately Prosperous Society and Creating a New Situation in the Cause of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," puts forward the goal of striving to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and expounds the fundamental requirements for comprehensively implementing the important thinking of the "three represents." The congress adopted the "Constitution of the Communist Party of China (Amendment)," which established the important thinking of "three represents," together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, and Deng Xiaoping Theory, as the party's guiding ideology and enshrined it in the party constitution.
On November 15, the First Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Hu Jintao as general secretary of the Central Committee, decided that Jiang Zemin was the chairman of the Central Military Commission, and approved Wu Guanzheng as the secretary of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission.
December 5-6 Hu Jintao led members of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee to Xibaipo to study and revisit Mao Zedong's important exposition on "two musts."
On December 26, the 16th Politburo of the CPC Central Committee conducted its first collective study. By September 2007, there were 44 group studies.
On December 27, the groundbreaking ceremony of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was held simultaneously at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing and the construction sites in Jiangsu and Shandong Provinces. On November 15, 2013, the first phase of the East Line of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was officially opened. On December 12, 2014, the first phase of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was officially opened.
In 2003
On 8 January, Hu Jintao pointed out in his speech at the Central Rural Work Conference that it is necessary to make overall plans for the economic and social development of urban and rural areas, regard the solution of agricultural, rural, and peasant problems as the most important task in the work of the whole party, and place it in a more prominent position; we must adhere to the principle of "giving more, taking less, and letting go of life," give play to the leading role of cities in rural areas, and realize the integrated economic and social development of urban and rural areas. On the 16th, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Agriculture and Rural Work.
From March 3 to 14, the first session of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held. The meeting elected Jia Qinglin as chairman of the CPPCC National Committee.
On 4 March, hu Jintao pointed out when attending the joint group discussion of ethnic minority members at the first session of the Tenth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference that the common unity and struggle of all nationalities and common prosperity and development are the main themes of ethnic work in the new stage of the new century.
From March 5 to 18, the first session of the 10th National People's Congress was held. The meeting elected Hu Jintao as president, Jiang Zemin as chairman of the State Central Military Commission, and Wu Bangguo as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee.
Spring China suffered a major outbreak of SARS. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the whole party and the people of the whole country have persistently grasped the prevention and control of SARS on the one hand and economic construction on the other, and have won a major victory in the prevention and control of SARS. On July 28, Hu Jintao delivered a speech at the National Work Conference on the Prevention and Control of SARS, proposing to further study and earnestly grasp the coordinated development of economy and society in the long run.
On 29 June, the Mainland and Hong Kong signed the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement. On 17 October, the Mainland and Macao signed the Mainland and Macao Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement.
August 28 -1 During his inspection tour in Jiangxi, Hu Jintao clearly pointed out that it is necessary to firmly establish a scientific outlook on development for coordinated development, all-round development, and sustainable development.
On October 5, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Several Opinions on the Implementation of the Revitalization Strategy of Old Industrial Bases in Northeast China and Other Regions.
From October 11 to 14, the Third Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Several Issues Concerning the Perfection of the Socialist Market Economic System", which clearly defined the main tasks of improving the socialist market economic system, and proposed to adhere to the people-oriented approach, establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept, and promote the all-round development of the economy, society and people.
From October 15 to 16, the Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft successfully lifted off and returned safely, and the first manned space flight was a complete success, and China became the third country in the world to independently master manned space technology. On September 27, 2008, the Shenzhou 7 manned spacecraft carried out astronaut space capsule activities, and China became the third country in the world to independently master space capsule technology. On June 18 and 24, 2012, the Shenzhou 9 manned spacecraft and the Tiangong-1 target vehicle successfully conducted automatic rendezvous and docking and astronaut hand-controlled rendezvous and docking successively.
On December 10, the Chinese Government signed the United Nations Convention against Corruption at the United Nations High-Level Political Conference. On October 27, 2005, the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress deliberated and ratified the United Nations Convention against Corruption. In February 2006, my country became a party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption, and international cooperation against corruption was strengthened.
On December 19, Hu Jintao pointed out in his speech at the National Talent Work Conference that to implement the strategy of strengthening the country with qualified personnel, it is necessary to establish a scientific concept of talent that meets the requirements of the new situation and new tasks, so that China can transform from a country with a large population into a country with strong talent resources. On the 26th, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made the "Decision on Further Strengthening the Work of Qualified Personnel.".
In 2004
On January 5, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Opinions on Further Prosperity and Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences.
On February 26, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Several Opinions on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Moral Construction of Minors. On August 26, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Education of College Students.
On March 10, Hu Jintao delivered a speech at the Central Forum on Population, Resources and Environment, comprehensively expounding the profound connotation and basic requirements of the scientific concept of development.
On April 27, Hu Jintao pointed out when meeting with all the deputies of the Central Work Conference on the Implementation of Marxist Theory Research and Construction Projects that the implementation of Marxist theoretical research and construction projects is a strategic task related to the development of the cause of the party and the state, and is a major measure to strengthen the party's theoretical construction.
On July 28, China's first Arctic scientific research station, the Yellow River Station, was completed and put into use in New Olsson, Spitsbergen, Norway. On May 15, 2013, China became an official observer of the Arctic Council.
On August 22, the conference was held to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Deng Xiaoping's birth. In his speech, Hu Jintao spoke highly of Deng Xiaoping's immortal merits in building for national independence, the people's liberation, the country's prosperity and strength, and the people's happiness, and stressed that Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the "three represents" are the great banner guiding our victorious advance.
From September 16 to 19, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Strengthening the Party's Capacity to Govern," agreed to Jiang Zemin's resignation as chairman of the Central Military Commission, and decided that Hu Jintao would be made chairman of the Central Military Commission.
On November 7, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Opinions on Carrying Out Educational Activities in the Whole Party on Maintaining the Advanced Nature of Communist Party Members with the Practice of the Important Thinking of the "Three Represents" as the Main Content." From January 2005 to June 2006, the whole Party carried out this educational activity.
On December 24, Hu Jintao delivered a speech at the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission, proposing the historical mission of the People's Liberation Army in the new stage of the new century: to provide an important force guarantee for the party to consolidate its ruling position, to provide a strong security guarantee for safeguarding the important strategic opportunity period of national development, to provide strong strategic support for safeguarding national interests, and to play an important role in safeguarding world peace and promoting common development.
In 2005
On January 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Outline for the Implementation of the System of Punishing and Preventing Corruption that Attaches Equal Importance to Education, System, and Supervision.
On February 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Opinions on Further Strengthening the Construction of the System of Multiparty Cooperation and Political Consultation under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China.
On February 19, the State Council issued the Several Opinions on Encouraging, Supporting and Guiding the Development of the Non-public Economy, Including Individuals and Private Enterprises.
From March 5 to 14, the Third Session of the Tenth National People's Congress was held. The meeting passed the "Anti-Secession Law," which made it clear that the state will never allow the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces to separate Taiwan from China under any name or in any way. The meeting elected Hu Jintao as chairman of the State Central Military Commission.
On April 17, the State Council issued the National General Emergency Response Plan for Public Emergencies.
On April 22, Hu Jintao proposed at the Asia-Africa Summit in Jakarta to promote friendly coexistence among different civilizations, dialogue on an equal footing, development and prosperity, and jointly build a harmonious world.
On April 27, the 15th session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress passed the Law of the People's Republic of China on Civil Servants. On December 29, 2018, the Seventh Session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress passed the revised Law of the People's Republic of China on Civil Servants.
On April 29, Hu Jintao, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, held formal talks with Lien Chan, chairman of the Chinese Kuomintang, in Beijing. After the meeting, the two sides jointly issued the "Common Vision for Cross-Strait Peaceful Development." This is the first meeting between the main leaders of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in 60 years.
On May 31, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Decision on Further Strengthening Ethnic Work and Accelerating the Economic and Social Development of Ethnic Minorities and Ethnic Minority Areas.
On June 23, the State Council and the Central Military Commission promulgated the Regulations on Civilian Personnel of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and decided to implement the civilian personnel system in the whole army.
On July 21, with the approval of the State Council, Chinese Min min bank announced that since the same day, China has begun to implement a managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand, adjusted with reference to a basket of currencies.
From October 8 to 11, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Proposal on Formulating the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development", which regarded the reduction of energy consumption per unit of GDP as the goal of national economic and social development.
On December 23, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Cultural System.
On December 29, the 19th session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress decided to repeal the Agricultural Tax Regulations of the People's Republic of China with effect from January 1, 2006. Agricultural taxes, which have lasted for more than two thousand years in China, have officially become history.
On December 31, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Several Opinions on Promoting the Construction of the New Socialist Countryside.
(To be continued)
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 27- Academy of Party History and Literature of the CPC Central Committee)
People's Daily Overseas Edition ( 2021-06-29 Issue 04)